Wired LANs and EthernetWired LANs and Ethernet

01204325: Data 01204325: Data Communication and Communication and Computer NetworksComputer Networks

Asst. Prof. Chaiporn Jaikaeo, Ph.D.Asst. Prof. Chaiporn Jaikaeo, Ph.D.chaiporn.j@ku.ac.thchaiporn.j@ku.ac.th

http://www.cpe.ku.ac.th/~cpjhttp://www.cpe.ku.ac.th/~cpjComputer Engineering DepartmentComputer Engineering Department

Kasetsart University, Bangkok, ThailandKasetsart University, Bangkok, ThailandAdapted from lecture slides by Behrouz A. Forouzan© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

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OutlineOutline IEEE standards for LAN/MAN/WANIEEE standards for LAN/MAN/WAN Traditional EthernetTraditional Ethernet Unicast and multicast addressesUnicast and multicast addresses Fast EthernetFast Ethernet Gigabit EthernetGigabit Ethernet Ten-Gigabit EthernetTen-Gigabit Ethernet

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IEEE StandardsIEEE Standards Project 802Project 802

standards for enabling standards for enabling intercommunication among equipment intercommunication among equipment from a variety of manufacturersfrom a variety of manufacturers

E.g.,E.g., IEEE 802.3 IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Ethernet IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi) Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi) IEEE 802.15 IEEE 802.15 Wireless PAN (Bluetooth, Wireless PAN (Bluetooth,

etcetc)) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802

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IEEE Standards for LANsIEEE Standards for LANs

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Logical Link Control Logical Link Control SublayerSublayer Provides flow and error control for Provides flow and error control for

upper layer protocolsupper layer protocols Most upper layer protocols (such as Most upper layer protocols (such as

IP) do not require such servicesIP) do not require such services

DSAP – Destination ServiceAccess Point

SSAP – Source ServiceAccess Point

(Similar to TCP/IP ports)

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Wired EthernetWired Ethernet "Traditional" or "Original" Ethernet "Traditional" or "Original" Ethernet

created at Xerox's Palo Alto Research created at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in 1976Center (PARC) in 1976

Ethernet standards are set by Ethernet standards are set by IEEE IEEE 802.3802.3 working group working group

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Evolution of EthernetEvolution of Ethernet

Ethernet EvolutionEthernet Evolution

Standard Ethernet

(10 Mbps)

Standard Ethernet

(10 Mbps)

Fast Ethernet

(100 Mbps)

Fast Ethernet

(100 Mbps)

Gigabit Ethernet

Gigabit Ethernet

Ten-Gigabit Ethernet

Ten-Gigabit Ethernet

100-Gigabit Ethernet

100-Gigabit Ethernet

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IEEE 802.3 MAC FrameIEEE 802.3 MAC Frame

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Min and Max Frame Min and Max Frame LengthLength

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Ethernet AddressesEthernet Addresses 48 bits (6 bytes) in length48 bits (6 bytes) in length Uniquely assigned to each Ethernet Uniquely assigned to each Ethernet

network interface card (NIC)network interface card (NIC) Usually written in hexadecimal Usually written in hexadecimal

notationnotation E.g.,E.g.,

1111

Unicast vs. Multicast Unicast vs. Multicast AddressesAddresses A A unicast addressunicast address defines one recipient defines one recipient A A multicast addressmulticast address defines a group of defines a group of

recipientsrecipients The The broadcast addressbroadcast address defines a group of defines a group of

all stations in the same LANall stations in the same LAN A special case of multicast addressesA special case of multicast addresses All bits are 1sAll bits are 1s

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ExampleExample Define the type of the following Define the type of the following

destination addresses:destination addresses: 4A:30:10:21:10:1A4A:30:10:21:10:1A 47:20:1B:2E:08:EE47:20:1B:2E:08:EE FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FFFF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF

Standard EthernetStandard Ethernet

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Categories of Standard Categories of Standard EthernetEthernet

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Encoding in Standard Encoding in Standard EthernetEthernet

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10Base5 Implementation10Base5 Implementation

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10Base2 Implementation10Base2 Implementation

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10Base-T 10Base-T ImplementationImplementation

CAT3 Cable

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10Base-F 10Base-F ImplementationImplementation

2020

Standard Ethernet Standard Ethernet SummarySummary

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Raising the BandwidthRaising the Bandwidth

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Bridged EthernetBridged Ethernet A bridge divides a network into two A bridge divides a network into two

or more segmentsor more segments Each segment is independent of one Each segment is independent of one

another, bandwidth-wiseanother, bandwidth-wise

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Collision DomainCollision Domain Bridges help split Bridges help split collision domaincollision domain into into

smaller onessmaller ones

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Switched EthernetSwitched Ethernet

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Full-Duplex EthernetFull-Duplex Ethernet

Fast EthernetFast Ethernet

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Fast EthernetFast Ethernet Data rate: 100 MbpsData rate: 100 Mbps Standard Standard IEEE 802.3u IEEE 802.3u Backward-compatible with Standard Backward-compatible with Standard

EthernetEthernet

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Fast Ethernet TopologiesFast Ethernet Topologies

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Fast Ethernet Fast Ethernet ImplementationsImplementations

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Encoding for 100Base-FXEncoding for 100Base-FX

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Encoding for 100Base-FXEncoding for 100Base-FX

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Encoding for 100Base-T4Encoding for 100Base-T4

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Fast Ethernet SummaryFast Ethernet Summary

Gigabit EthernetGigabit Ethernet

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Gigabit EthernetGigabit Ethernet 1000 Mbps1000 Mbps Standard Standard IEEE 802.3z, 802.3ab IEEE 802.3z, 802.3ab

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Gigabit Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet EncodingEncoding

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4D-PAM5 Encoding 4D-PAM5 Encoding Used in 1000Base-TUsed in 1000Base-T

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Gigabit Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet SummarySummary

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10-Gigabit and Up10-Gigabit and Up IEEE StandardsIEEE Standards

802.3ae 802.3ae 10GbE over fiber 10GbE over fiber 802.3ak 802.3ak 10GbE over twin axial cable 10GbE over twin axial cable

(10GBASE-CX4)(10GBASE-CX4) 802.3an 802.3an 10GbE over UTP (10GBASE-T) 10GbE over UTP (10GBASE-T) 802.3ba 802.3ba 40GbE and 100GbE 40GbE and 100GbE