wireless communication dr. s. swapna kumar
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Wireless Communication
Prof. Dr. S. Swapna Kumar
Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engg.
Vidya Academy of Science and Technology, Thalakkottukara, Thrissur,
Kerala- 680501, India
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Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell,inventors of the field concept in electricity and magnetism.
Maxwell’s Equations
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Wave Propagation
electric
field
magnetic
field
Notice that the electric and magnetic fields are at right angles to one another!
Emitted by sinusoidal current running through a wire (transmitting antenna)
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What is Frequency?
• Wave vocabulary– Amplitude
– Frequency
– Period
– Wavelength
– Bandwidth
cf
Name 900 Mhz 2.4 Ghz 5 Ghz
Range 902 - 928 2.4 - 2.4835 5.15 - 5.35
Bandwidth 26 Mhz 83.5 Mhz 200 Mhz
Wavelength .33m / 13.1” .125m / 4.9” .06 m / 2.4”
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Radio Frequency (RF) Spectrum
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Transmission Media
7.6
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GUIDED MEDIA
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WIRELESS• Any type of electrical or electronic operation accomplished without use of
wires.
• Wireless connections use air to connect sending and receiving devices
COMMUNICATION
Sending
device message
Connection
device
Communication
channels
Connection
device message
Receiving
device
• It is transmission of signals i.e. sending of electromagnetic waves by electronic transmitters
• Channel is a division in transmission medium
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WHAT IS WIRELESS COMMUNICATION?
• Transmitting/receiving voice and data using electromagnetic waves in open space.
• The information from sender to receiver is carried over a well defined frequency band(channel).
• Each channel has a fixed frequency bandwidth & capacity(bit rate).
• Different channels can be used to transmit information in parallel and independently.
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EARLY WIRELESS WORK
Early inventors –Alexander Graham Bell, GaglielmoMarconi and John Logie Baird
• In 1878, David E Hughes induced electromagnetic waves
• In 1888, Thomas Alva Edison used a vibrator magnet for induction transmission, gave system of signals.
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History: Timeline
1894 –experiments began with
Hertzian Waves
1896 – Wireless Telegraph &
Signal Company established
1901 – first trans-Atlantic
signal received
1905 – first distress signal
successful using Morse Code
1919 – RCA incorporated
1939-1945 – WWII US Military initiates
radio data transmission technology
1971 –ALOHANET
experiment, first wireless
LAN
1973 –Motorola
creates first mobile cellular
telephone
1983 – America enters cellular
telephone market
1987 – FCC encourages use
of 800Mhz spectrum
1990 – IEEE creates work
group to establish
wireless LAN standards
1997 – 802.11 established as wireless LAN
standard
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Why Deploy Wireless?
• Unlicensed bands.
• Global coverage
• No bunch of wires running.
• Cost savings over wire line.
• Can not run wire to locations needed.
• Stay connected, flexibility to connect multiple devices.
“Do I really need all of that wire?”
Nightmare jumble of cables
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“Wireless Communication Waves”
Wireless Communication networks are generally implemented with some type of remote information
transmission system that uses electromagnetic waves.
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Propagation methods
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How communication takes place
Transmitting signalReceived signal
satellite
Transmitting antenna
Receivingantenna
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CURRENT WIRELESS SYSTEMS
• CELLULAR SYSTEM
• WIRELESS LANs
• SATELLITE SYSTEM
• PAGING SYSTEM
• PANs(BLUETOOTH)
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TYPICAL FREQUENCIES
• FM RADIO 88 MHZ
• TV BROADCAST 200 MHZ
• GSM PHONES 900 MHZ
• GPS 1.2 GHZ
• PCS PHONES 1.8 GHZ
• BLUETOOTH 2.4 GHZ
• Wi-Fi 2.4 GHZ
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WIRELESS NETWORKS
Wireless network is a network set up by using radio signal frequency to
communicate among computers and other network devices. Sometimes
it’s also referred to as WiFi network or WLAN.
• Wireless devices– Distance: 300 feet (90 meters)– Bandwidth: 54 Mbps– Can also include Voice over IP (VoIP)
Types:- Digital networks –consists routers that route data
Analog networks – consists switches establishing connections
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The Wireless Landscape
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The Wireless Landscape
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Advantages of Wireless Networking
• Mobility
• Easier and less expensive installation
• Increased reliability
• Disaster recovery
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Disadvantages of Wireless Devices
• Wireless communication disadvantages
– Radio signal interference
– Security issues
– Health risks
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FUTURE
Major role in development of technology
High speed data transfer
Data transfer over large area or distance
Eco friendly and non-hazardous ways have to be found out
Has to be made more secured
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To Be Continued….(Convergence)
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The Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers = IEEE
IEEE
Journals
Conference
Proceedings
Standards
IBM Journal
eBooks
E-learning
Library
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Thank You!!