wireless for industrial applications - keysight home and industrial applications… page 3 building...

Technologies and measurements

on wireless systems for home

and industrial applications

Communication challenges in a crowded environment

bull Multipath

bull Interference

Overview of wireless technologies being used

bull Introduction to digital RF modulation

bull Medium Access and Channelization techniques

(Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Frequency Hopping OFDM)

bull Standards adopted (ZigBee RFID WiFi)

bull Smart Grid and Smart Meters

Test challenges and solutions

bull Spectrum analyzer measurements

bull Modulation quality test and troubleshooting

bull Interference measurements

bull DC Power analyzers

bull Scopes for Serial bus analysis

Agenda

Page 2

Typical Home and Industrial Applicationshellip

Page 3

Building Management

Asset Management

Hotel Energy Management

Entertainment

(Toys Games

Video Internet)Industrial Applications

Examples of Home Automation

Page 4

IEEE 802xx ndash A family of Wireless Standards

Page 5

What is fading

Page 6

Frequency

TimeAmplitude

LOS

NLOS

NLOS

Multipath in a wireless environment

bull A transmission in a wireless environment is mainly

limited by multiple reflections ie multi-path interference

Page 7

Fade

Non-

fade

period

Threshold

At receiver

time

Rx

Power

The Challenge of communicate

in a crowded environment

Supposehellipyou are all wireless devicesbull You are all blindfolded

bull You are nearly deaf

bull You talk by whispering

bull You canrsquot hear each other

SupposehellipIrsquom another devicebull Irsquom blindfolded

bull I donrsquot know who is in the room

bull I need to yell so you can hear me

bull If two of you talk at once I canrsquot understand you

bull Irsquom not allowed to say your name

bull I may hear many others like me screaming in the

same room

I need to identify everybody in the room

What do I do

Issues for Standards

bull Selecting and identifiying devices ndash collision control

bull Multiple devices in area - how to allow for a large number

of closely spaced transmitters

bull Minimal interference and optimized data rate for high

noise or high speed comms

bull Variable data rates - Used to handle different needs in

varied environments

bull Password and security

Strategies for Avoiding Interference

bull Frequency multiplex (manual or auto)

bull Listen before talk

bull Time multiplex (duty cycle transmit)

bull Frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS)

bull Direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS)

bull Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)

Introduction to Digital Modulation

signal characteristics to modify

Amplitude

Frequency

Phase

Both Amplitude

and Phase

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

Analog Faithful reproduction of signal

at RX

Digital Decide which symbol was sent

from a pre-defined alphabet

Bandwidth of a Signal

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)

Normalised Frequency (fTb)

bull Bandwidth of pulse of duration Tb is infinite

bull Spectrum has sinc(x) shape extending from - to +

bull First sidelobe -13 dB down rolls off at 20 dBdec

bull Some form of filtering is required

Bandwidth Requirements and Pulse Shaping

Channel BW 0 to B Hz

Bit rate (NRZ) Rb

Bit period (NRZ) Tb=1Rb

eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb

sine NRZ Apr 10 2001

Nyquist Brickwall Filter

bull Nyquist filter - achieves zero crossings at integer multiples of symbol period

bull eg lsquobrickwallrsquo filter with cut-off at RS2

bull Zero crossings at symbol interval - no ISI at sample point

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1

Normalised Time (tTb)

Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)

Normalised Frequency (fRb)

Pulse Response Nyquist Brickwall Filter

Digital Modulation

Signal Changes or Modifications

Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector

I-vectorProject signal

to I and Q axes

Polar to Rectangular Conversion

The rectangular coder

01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I

Mapping bits onto analog waveforms

I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier

Good Interface with Digital Signals and Circuits

Can be Implemented with Simple Circuits

Can be Modified for Bandwidth Efficiency

I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO

DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS

bull Increased capacity for usersbull More secure communicationsbull Additional data servicesbull Reduced fraudbull Commonality of Systems

bull Five main reasons

Channelization Media access methods

FDMA - Frequency Division Multiple Access narrow bandwidth channels analog directive antennas

complex frequency reuse planning

TDMA - Time Division Multiple Access further increases system capacity by digital access methods adds a

time sharing element each channel is shared in time by multiple users

CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access uses codes to distinguish one user from another frequency

divisions are still used but bandwidth is much wider (5 MHz for W-CDMA) one frequency can be used in all

sectors of all cells

Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency

Spread Spectrum Technology

Spread Spectrum was derived from military radio applications

Spread Spectrum uses a modulation technique that occupies

more bandwidth than that needed for transmission

To achieve a larger bandwidth Spread Spectrum uses a code in

the transmitter that must be known by the receiver

The two Spread Spectrum techniques used in Wireless systems

are

bull Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

bull Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)

22

Advantages of Spread Spectrum Technology

bull Low power spectral density

bull Protection against multipath interference

bull Interference resistant

bull Better security and privacy

bull Facilitates the use of Code Division Multiple Access

Attenuates interference

23

Why do we spread the signal

- Overcrowded Frequency Spectrum

Advantages of Spread Spectrum

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum

Direct sequence spread

spectrum signal is

generated by multiplying

narrowband user data with

a well-defined wideband

pseudo-random sequence

Recovering the narrowband

user data is achieved by

multiplying the received

signal by an identical

accurately timed pseudo-

random sequence Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum

Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator

CarrierCode Generator

Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal

Block diagram of a Direct Sequence

Spread Spectrum Transmitter

Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code

Synchronization Code Generator

Demodulator

Carrier

Data

Block diagram of a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Receiver


27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28

What happens if received codes and locally generated codes

are not synchronized or uncorrelated

1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized

User data = ldquo1rdquo

Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1

User data = ldquordquo

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum

29

bull Carrier frequency of the modulated information signal is not constant it changes (hops) periodically

bull The hopping pattern is determined by a spreading code signal

Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator

Block Diagram of a Frequency

Hopping Transmitter System

Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source

Information Modulator

Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency

SynthesizerCode Generator

Synchronized

Tracking

Data

Block Diagram of a Frequency Hopping Receiver System

Demodulator

Carrier

Channel delay spread and bit rate

is the delay spread for the propagation channel

Ts is the symbol period for the transmission

High bit-rate streams are sensitive to irreducible distortion due to multipath

Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization

Reception is Distorted

NOT recoverable

A)

B)

From Single Carrier Modulation (SCM) to

Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)

bull A single high-rate information stream modulated on a

single carrier is too sensitive to multipath

bull IDEA divide it in multiple lower-rate information streams

Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF

FDM Bandwidth Efficiency Example N=3

Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient

Advance from FDM to Orthogonal FDM (OFDM)

bull If the sub-carrier frequencies are chosen from an

orthogonal set individual sub-bands can be partially super-

imposed

Page 35

What does it mean that frequencies are orthogonal

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF

Spectrum has a Sin(x)x Shape

Page 36

T

1T

OFDM Orthogonal Carriers

Page 37

bullClosely spaced carriers overlap

bullNulls in each carrierrsquos spectrum land

at the center of all other carriers for

Zero Inter-Carrier Interference

OFDM vs Single Carrier Modulation

Frequency Domain View

Page 38

1 carrier N carriers

BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff

Communication Concepts

Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF

Convert to Digital if necessary (signal coding)

DSP Channel Coding (compression error corr)

Map to I amp Q

Modulation Shaping Filter

Modulate

Convert to RF

Filter Amplify Send to Antenna

DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter

Carrier Symbol Recovery

Demodulate

Decode Bits

Convert to Analog (if necessary)

AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics

Wireless standards adopted in home and

industrial environments

Page 42

80216

Burst data rate bitss

Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth

IEEE 802154 Standard Activity

Amendments Application Comment

802154-2006 Built on 2003 release

Added channel pages

PHY amp MAC for Low Rate

WPAN Basis for Zigbee

Wireless Heart amp 6LoWPAN

(6LoWPAN =gt IP traffic)

802154a Added DSSS amp Chirp UWB

802154b Maintenance amp security

802154c-2009 Added bands for China Released 2009

802154d-2009 Added bands for Japan Released 2009 Co-exists

with radio tags

802154e MAC for Industrial Applications

802154f Active RFID

802154g Smart Utility Networks SUN

Adding 3 new PHYs for longer

range MR-FSK OFDM O-QPSK

2-FSK4-FSK expected to

dominate

802154 Channels Pages amp Modulation

2006 Channel pages added

Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK

1 ndash 10 US 915 MHz BPSK

11 ndash 26 WW 24 GHz O-QPSK

1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK

11 ndash 26 Reserved

2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK


3 0 ndash 13 24GHz CSSS

Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g

Definition of The Smart Grid

What It Is

The application of secure distributed and networked

measurement amp control to energy generation and supply

What Is It For

To efficiently and reliably manage energy generation and use

while accommodating many new forms of localized energy

source storage and consumption

Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation

amp SupplyCentralised

Mix of centralised amp local

(renewable)

CommunicationsProprietary

Closed

Open standards for

interoperability This is the focus of the Smart Grid

Interoperability Panel in the US

ControlClosed

systems

Millions of distributed

control circuits

The Smart Grid = A Smart Meter

The Smart Grid combines networked communication with

everything involved in energy generation transmission

distribution and use

A Smart Meter is installed at customer premises using M2M

(machine to machine) communication

bull Readings are Automated They can be made more often than is needed

for billing with the data giving user feedback about how much and when

energy is being used (eg Google Power Meter)

bull Control may be integrated to switch off certain loads at peak times This

is called ldquoDemand-Responserdquo

bull A Smart Meter can be used to measure electrical feed-in (power going

back into the grid from a local energy source)

Smart Meter Communication Links (not always radio)

Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee

A low data rate networking standard designed for

appliance control like industrial lighting

Promoted by a Special Interest Group like Bluetooth

Optimized for long (several years off an AA cell) battery

life in the devices

900MHz and 24GHz (most popular) operation

DSSS like 80211b but not as wide Doesnrsquot frequency

hop

Page 50

ZigBee Frequencies and Data Rates

Page 51

BAND COVERAGE DATA RATE OF CHANNEL(S)

24 GHz ISM Worldwide 250 kbps 16

868 MHz Europe 20 kbps 1

915 MHz ISM Americas 40 kbps 10

IEEE 802154 amp ZigBee Alliance

Conforms to IEEE 802154 defining physical amp MAC layer

Page 53

PHY Layer

Application amp Profiles

Application Framework

Network amp Security

Medium Access Control MAC IEEE

802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific

ZigBee specification 10 was released in December

2004Physical Protocol Data Unit

Network Layer - Topology Models

Page 54

PHY Layer



Network amp SecurityMedium Access Control MAC

Allows the network to grow

without requiring high power

transmitters

Network Layer ndash Mesh Networks

Page 55


Page 56

Why do we need ZigBee

Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58

ZigBeeWireless Control that

Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59

1 No standard approach today that addresses the

unique needs of most remote monitoring and control

applications

2 Enables the broad-based deployment of reliable

wireless networks with low complexity low cost

solutions

3 Provides the ability to run for years on inexpensive

primary batteries for typical monitoring applications

4 Capable of inexpensively supporting robust mesh

networking technologies

ZigBee and Mesh networking overcome

barriers to wireless adoption

Barrier 1 Reliability

People can move when wireless reception is poor machines typically cannot

Humans tolerate garbled communication machines do not

Barrier 2 Wireless expertise

Customers (and some installers) do not want to become wireless experts

Want ldquowireless control that simply worksrdquo

Page 60

Data processing prior to modulation

Page 61

O-QPSK half-sine mod filter

Page 62

Imagine setting the I amp Q waveforms on an XY plot ndash you get a circle trajectory

Whatrsquos RFID Radio Frequency IDentification

Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag

Return link transmission from Tag

to Reader

(ldquobase stationrdquo) (ldquomobile stationrdquo)

RFID use examples

- Warehouses amp large stores tracking inventory

- Identification cards

- Tagging and tracking pets and livestock

- Airport security

- Toll payment

RFID Systems Description

Tags

ReadersInterrogators

bull Wireless transducer with antenna

bull Tag physical design dependent on

end-use

RFID TagsActive

bull On-board power source and transmitter

bull Higher range (lt100 m) but more expensive

bull More reliable in difficult RF environs

bull May contain memory on-board

bull Battery life to 10 years

Passive

bull Use power induced by the magnetic field of the reader or

battery-assist (passive-assist)

bull Read distance ~10 cm to lt10m

bull Better reliability especially in difficult physical environs


bull Potentially unlimited life span

bull Cheaper

bull Size smaller than a coin as thin as paper

Interrogator Signals

bull Communicate with the RFID device

bull Provide power so the RFID device can respond

ndash Inductive coupled

ndash Backscatter

A

B

ASK Meas Time with CW a

100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d

Underlying CW provides energy to power tag Actual data required to establish

communication with tag

Verify

RFID Standards Summary at HF (1356 MHz) Band

For standards compliance and interoperability need to verify correct configuration of

Modulation Bit rate Line Coding

RFID Standards Summary at UHF band

Standard Direction Modulation Bit Rate Tari Line Coding

EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A

Forward DSB-ASK 33 kbps PIE

Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B

Forward DSB-ASK 1040 kbps Manchester

Return 40160

kbps

FM0

For standards compliance and interoperability

need to verify correct configuration of

Modulation Bit rate Tari Line Coding

Note ISO standards do not cover all RFID technologies

Measurements on digital radio systems

Page 69

Measurements domains

Time Domain

(CCDF pulse shaping timing)Frequency Domain

(Channel Power spectrum maskhellip)

Modulation Domainbull Modulation Quality Metrics

bull Frequency Errorbull Eye diagram

bull Demodulated Bits

Swept Spectrum Analyzer

(with span zero and enough ResBW)

Vector Signal Analyzer

IEEE 802154 Specifications

Transmit RF Tests (IEEE

802154 reference [1])

Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall

Spectrum PSD Mask (6531)

Transmission Spurious (615)

Center Freq Tolerance (674)

Symbol Freq Tolerance

Constellation Error

Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) (673)

Page 71


Receiver RF Tests (IEEE


Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)

Maximum Input Level (676)

Jamming Resistance (6534)

Energy Detect (677)

Link Quality Indication (678)

Page 72


Transceiver RF Tests (IEEE


Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Out of Band Spurious Emission

Tx-Rx Rx-Tx Turnaround (671 672)

Page 73

Measurements for Reader Tag and RFID systems

Power Measurements (Frequency Domain Tests)

bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW

bull Spurious Emissions

bull Spectrum Mask

bull VSA is not recommended for all commercial products under local regulations (FCC ETSI TELEC etc)

ndash Required to set specific VBW detector mode sweep time etc according to the standard

ndash Conventional swept based SA is preferred most cases

TimingModulation Analysis (Time Domain Tests)

ndash Modulation IndexDepth

ndash Frequency Error

ndash RiseFallSettling time

ndash OvershootUndershoot

ndash Demodulated Bits

ndash Duty Cycle

Agilent Measurement Solutions

Page 75

Vector Signal Generator

for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer

for power consumption

optimization

Oscilloscope

for time and serial bus

analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW

Agilent Technologiesrsquo Signal Analysis Portfolio

HW Platforms (X-series)

MXA

PXA

SW Apps with all formats

CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A

VXA Flexible Digital

Modulation Analysis

bull Spectrum analyzer with Power Suite

bull IQ Analyzer (included)

bull LTE FDD TDD

bull W-CDMAHSPAHSPA+

bull cdma2000reg 1xEV-DO

bull GSMEDGEEDGE Evolution

bull TD-SCDMAHSPA

bull WiMAXTM ZigBee RFID WiFi Bluetoothreg

bull DVB-THCT2 ISDB-T DTMB CMMB

bull Noise Figure Phase Noise Analog Demod

bull 89600B VSA SW VXA (Flex Demod)

bull Pulse measurement software

bull MATLAB

bull EMC Pre-Compliance (Option EMC)

Applications

Signal Analyzer Applications

Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz

bull 160 MHz RF mod BW (ext IQ)

bull 80 MHz RF mod BW (int BBG)

bull Up to 100 MSas + upsampling HW

bull 64 MSa playback1 GSa storage

bull Real-time and arb signal creation

bull Advanced baseband capability

Target Applications

bull RF and baseband component and transceiver test

bull RampD design and verification

bull Manufacturing

Agilent RF Vector Signal Generators

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz

bull Fastest switching speed

bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM

bull 100 MHz BBG RF BW

bull 160 MHz IQ mod BW

bull 64 MSa playback memory

bull High power high Dynamic Range options

ESGMXG

Performance optimized for manufacturing

Fastest switching speeds

- enables increased throughput

Best ACPR performance

- allows more test margin and improves yield

Reliability and simplified self-maintenance

- maximizes uptime

How do I create the waveforms

Agilent Signal Studio

bull Format specific signal

bull Industry validated waveforms

bull Modify large number of parameters within standard

bull Creates AWG and real-time based signals

bull There are some 3rd party Signal Studio-like products eg Raondols ldquoSigWizrdquo

Agilent ADS and SystemVue

bull Create signal based on design models

MATLAB

bull Complete software environment for signal creation and signal processing

bull Create signals for new or proprietary protocols

bull Direct communication to the instrument (using Instrument Control Toolbox)

bull Suitable for creating simple or complex AWG based signals

General Programming Languages (C++ VB VEE)

Recording and Playback

Page 79

Testing Serial Bus with InfiniiVision Oscilloscopes

Industryrsquos only hardware-based decoding

Dual Serial Bus Analysis with Interleaved ldquoListerrdquo

Automatic ldquoSearch amp Navigationrdquo

Serial bus eye-diagram mask testing

Largest display in its class

Segmented memory acquisition with decoding

InfiniiVision Serial Bus Analysis

I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S

Pervasive usage in a wide variety of electronics products

Between functional block

Chip to chip

Board to IO

Why do engineers need serial bus functionality on

their scopes

Itrsquos a very slow bus what could possible go wrong

Physical layer measurements time-correlated to protocol decode

Transition times voltage levels noise bit timing etc

Eye-diagram mask testing

Trace bus content to the point at which data becomes corrupted

Am I passing the right values to the display

Am I getting an error

Are values being corrupted

How much time hellip

How often hellip

Time-correlated system interaction

Serial-to-digital IO

Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus

InputOutput Embedded SystemInputOutput

System Level Debugging

Battery Drain Characteristics for Power Savings Operation

Wireless devices operate in short bursts of activity to conserve power

bull Applicable to a very wide variety of devices (handsets environmental sensors

Bluetoothtrade devices etc)

bull Long periods of sleep between bursts of activity

bull Resulting battery current drain is pulsed extremely high peak low duty cycle

and low average values ndash challenging to measure accurately

50 mADiv500 msDiv

GPRS Smart Phone Battery Drain for Standby

14 sDiv 3 mADiv

Wireless Temperature-Humidity Sensor

New Innovation for Accurate Battery Drain Measurements

Integrates multiple instrument

functions into a single box

bull 1 to 4 advanced power supplies gt22 different models available

bull Digital voltmeter and ammeter

bull Arbitrary waveform generator

bull Oscilloscope

bull Long term data logger

bull Full functionality from front panel

Gain insights in minutes not days

Specialized DC power supply module

for battery drain testing

bull For use in the N6705 mainframe

bull Settable battery emulation characteristics

bull Fast transient response for pulsed loads

bull Auxiliary DVM input port for battery run-

down testing

bull Up to 200 KSasec digitizing rate

Seamless measurement ranging for

accurate measurement of battery

drain spanning wide dynamic ranges

N6705 DC Power Analyzer Mainframe

N6781A 2-Quadrant SMU for Battery

Drain Analysis

Accurate Current Drain Measurement with Agilent DC Power Analyzer

Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain

LAN cableN6705B DC Power Analyzer with

N6781A Source Measure Module

DC power cable assembly

Sleep current Receive current

Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in

Multiple instruments in one box Swept spectrum analyzer

FFT analyzer

RF and Baseband Vector Signal analyzer

Noise Figure analyzer

Fastest signal analysis measurements

Broadest set of applications and demodulation capabilities

Upgradeable HW and Application SW (trial license available on the web)

Most advanced user interface amp world-class connectivity

Agilent X-Series Signal Analyzers

Modern Spectrum Analyzer Block Diagram

Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF

FilterDigital IF Filter

Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT

Swept vs FFTAttenuation

Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88

ldquoAll Digital IFrdquo Advantages

RF Section ADCIFBB Section

on ASIC

Flexibility

RBW filtering in 10 steps

Filters with better selectivity

Multiple operation modes (Swept FFT VSA NFA)

Accuracy

Log conversion practically ideal

No drift errors increased repeatability

Speed

When Swept mode is slow go FFT

FFT

bull High resolution ADC for time domain data acquisition

bull Using FFT for time-frequency conversion

bullPreserves both ldquoMagnituderdquo and ldquoPhaserdquo information

bull 89601B VSA software or firmware personalities are used for

demodulation and analysis

Page 89

VSA Review of IQ Analyzer Mode Operation

Measurement examples

Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91

Power Spectral Density

Page 92

Full Demodulation 24 GHz ZigBee Preset

Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95

Per dettagli su prodotti ed applicazioni wireless visitare il sito

wwwagilentcomfindwirelessconnectivity

ContattiAgilent Technologies ItaliaRoberto SacchiWireless Application EngineerE-mail roberto_sacchiagilentcom

Giuseppe SavoiaSignal Generation and Analysis SpecialistE-mail giuseppe_savoiaagilentcom

Agilent Contact CenterE-mail contactcenter_italyagilentcomTel 02 9260 8484

Backup Slides

Troubleshooting a digital transmitter

Transmitter design typical impairments

Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability

Wrong filter implementationDSPDAC bugs

IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation

Modulation Impairments examples

Page 99

I

Q Q

I

IQ Phase ImbalanceIQ Gain Imbalance

Interfering ToneNoise Contamination

Transmitter Impairments

Power Amplifier (PA) Compression

Page 100

Power Amplifier key characteristicsfrequency and amplitude response 1dB compression point distortion

Compression happens when instantaneous power levels are too high

driving the PA into saturation


How to verify

Page 101

Useful measurements ACP CCDF

Compare these measurements performed

- at the input and output of the PA

- at the output for decreasing values of the input level

With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102

IQ impairments are typically cause by matching problems due to

component differences between the I side and Q side of the block diagram

IQ Impairments

IQ gain imbalance Quadrature errors IQ offsets

Page 103

Significant measurements constellation and EVM metrics

Troubleshooting examples

QPSK transmitter with IQ gain unbalance

Page 104

Clock impairments

Incorrect symbol rate

Page 105

The effect of symbol rate errors on the different measurements depends

on the the magnitude of the errors

- different methods to verify small or large symbol errors

Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2

Incorrect symbol rate small errors (1)Measurement EVM vs time

transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2

Graph of error at each sample

(looks like a ldquoVrdquo)

receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107

Detection and troubleshooting hint

bull Verify the ldquoVrdquo shape of the magnitude of the error vector versus time display



QPSK transmitter with symbol rate errors

Page 108

Incorrect symbol rate large errors

Measurement Channel bandwidth

Page 109

bull Large symbol rate errors generate ldquounlockrdquo

conditions the instrument is not able to decode the

received signal

bull No EVM metrics is possible

bull Measure Channel bandwidth and compare to

theoretical values (Channel bandwidth is proportional

to the symbol rate)

Incorrect Baseband Filtering

Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111

EVM vs time shows significant errors during signal transitions between

symbols

Local Oscillator (LO) Instability

Page 112


Phase error versus time

Page 113

Phase error vs time Constellation with LO instability

Interfering tone

Page 114

Interfering tones are typically caused by interactions of internal signals in active

devices (such as mixers and amplifiers)

Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116

In-channel intefering tone is usually masked by the signal spectrum

Significant measurement EVM vs Frequency


QPSK transmitter with a in-channel spur

(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119

Key Drivers for 60GHz Commercialization

bull Global availability of license exempt band at

57 ndash 66GHz

bull Developments in CMOS IC technologies has

extended the reach of low-cost silicon to

60GHz and beyond

bull Affordable Beam FormingSteering

bull High-Definition Multimedia driven consumer

demand for Gigabit data rates over wireless

connections

bull Suitability of 60GHz for PAN applications

(short range directional antennae etc)

120

Spectrum Allocations (inc Regional details)

5150 GHz 5850 GHz (US only)

channel 1 channel 2 channel 3 channel 4

57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz

Non-contiguous spectrum permitting

at best 2 x 160MHz channels

65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz

USA (57 ndash 64 GHz)

Europe (57 ndash 66 GHz)

Japan (59 ndash 66 GHz)

5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz

Strengths and WeaknessesTechnologies are complementary not competitive

5GHz

bull Advantages

ndash Global Availability

ndash Technology Leverage

ndash Multi-Room Distribution

bull Disadvantages

ndash Co- and Adjacent-channel

Interference

ndash Information Theoretic Channel

Coding

ndash High-Order MIMO

ndash Limited Data Capacity

60GHz

bull Advantages


ndash Frequency Reuse

ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range

ndash Technology Challenges

bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity

bull Active Antennas

60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie

Rapid Upload Download

Wireless Display WLAN

~1GbpsRange lt3-8m (N)LOS

1080p today (~3Gbps)Range 5-10m NLOS

Max Avail BandwidthRange 5-10m ~NLOS

Use Model Example

Wireless Display Computers portable devices to one or more monitorsprojectors

Distribution of HDTV Games DVD players to displays projectors

Rapid UploadDownload Kiosk Download Movies to computer for editing library sharing

NetworkingBackhaul Mesh networks Point-to-Point Tri-band (24 57 and 60 GHz) APrsquos

Cordless Computing Wireless IO docking

IEEE 80211ad

Extends existing 80211 with mmWave MACPHY layer

Signal occupies 2 GHz of bandwidth

Packet (burst) transmissions

Modulations Used

ndash Control PHY Spread Spectrum

ndash Single Carrier BPSK QPSK 16 QAM

ndash OFDM QPSK 16 and 64 QAM

Data Rates (raw) from

04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)

Complete TxRx Test Solution

DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data

8267D-520-016 IQ Modulation

N5183A-520 Local Oscillator

N7652B Waveform Creator

N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011

Agilent Confidential

DSA90804A-803-200 Digital Signal Analyzer

89601A-200-300 Vector Signal Analyzer

N8999A Wideband Modulation Analyzer

PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests

Signal and Modulation tests

N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Communication challenges in a crowded environment

bull Multipath

bull Interference

Overview of wireless technologies being used

bull Introduction to digital RF modulation

bull Medium Access and Channelization techniques

(Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Frequency Hopping OFDM)

bull Standards adopted (ZigBee RFID WiFi)

bull Smart Grid and Smart Meters

Test challenges and solutions

bull Spectrum analyzer measurements

bull Modulation quality test and troubleshooting

bull Interference measurements

bull DC Power analyzers

bull Scopes for Serial bus analysis

Agenda


Page 3

Building Management

Asset Management


Entertainment

(Toys Games



Page 4


Page 5

What is fading

Page 6

Frequency

TimeAmplitude

LOS

NLOS

NLOS




Page 7

Fade

Non-

fade

period

Threshold

At receiver

time

Rx

Power













same room


What do I do








varied environments











Amplitude

Frequency

Phase

Both Amplitude

and Phase

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge


at RX




-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Building Management

Asset Management


Entertainment

(Toys Games



Page 4


Page 5

What is fading

Page 6

Frequency

TimeAmplitude

LOS

NLOS

NLOS




Page 7

Fade

Non-

fade

period

Threshold

At receiver

time

Rx

Power













same room


What do I do








varied environments











Amplitude

Frequency

Phase

Both Amplitude

and Phase

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge


at RX




-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



Page 5

What is fading

Page 6

Frequency

TimeAmplitude

LOS

NLOS

NLOS




Page 7

Fade

Non-

fade

period

Threshold

At receiver

time

Rx

Power













same room


What do I do








varied environments











Amplitude

Frequency

Phase

Both Amplitude

and Phase

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge


at RX




-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


What is fading

Page 6

Frequency

TimeAmplitude

LOS

NLOS

NLOS




Page 7

Fade

Non-

fade

period

Threshold

At receiver

time

Rx

Power













same room


What do I do








varied environments











Amplitude

Frequency

Phase

Both Amplitude

and Phase

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge


at RX




-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

What is fading

Frequency

TimeAmplitude

LOS

NLOS

NLOS




Page 7

Fade

Non-

fade

period

Threshold

At receiver

time

Rx

Power













same room


What do I do








varied environments











Amplitude

Frequency

Phase

Both Amplitude

and Phase

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge


at RX




-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG




Fade

Non-

fade

period

Threshold

At receiver

time

Rx

Power













same room


What do I do








varied environments











Amplitude

Frequency

Phase

Both Amplitude

and Phase

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge


at RX




-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG













same room


What do I do








varied environments











Amplitude

Frequency

Phase

Both Amplitude

and Phase

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge


at RX




-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









7

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG








varied environments











Amplitude

Frequency

Phase

Both Amplitude

and Phase

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge


at RX




-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



0

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG










Amplitude

Frequency

Phase

Both Amplitude

and Phase

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge


at RX




-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





0





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



Amplitude

Frequency

Phase

Both Amplitude

and Phase

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge


at RX




-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


0


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Digital vs Analog

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-15

-1

-05

0

05

1

15

Time

Vo

lta

ge


at RX




-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 40

02

04

06

08

1

Re

sp

on

se

Time (tTb)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0

05

1

Re

sp

on

se

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)








Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



Bit rate (NRZ) Rb


eg

Rb=10 kbs Tb=01 ms

Max sine wave freq

f=Rb2=5 kHz

Theory B=Rb2

Practice B=07-08Rb

Time

Voltage

Tb

T=2Tb f=05Rb






-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG





-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6-04

-02

0

02

04

06

08

1


Imp

uls

e R

esp

on

se

0 05 1 15 2 25 3 35 4-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Re

sp

on

se

(d

B)



Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Digital Modulation


Phase

0 deg

Magnitude Change

Phase0 deg

Phase Change

Frequency Change

Both Change0 deg

0 deg

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Polar vs I-Q Format

0 deg

I

Q

Q-vector


to I and Q axes



01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


01 00

1011

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Q

I


I

Q

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Digital Modulation

IQ Method

2Carrier




I(t)

Q(t)

sin(ωt)

cos(ωt)

I(t)sin (ωt)

Q(t)cos(ωt)

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

WHY THE MOVE TO












Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG









Power

TDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

FDMA

Time

Frequency

Power

CDMA

Time

Frequency








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG








are



22








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG








23






spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



spectrum signal is











Power Spectral

Density

Freq

Direct sequence

spread signal

Narrowband user

data


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


25

Wire

Source

Information Bits

I-Q Modulator


Bit Stream

Transmit

DSSS

Signal



Bits to

I-Q


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


26

Received

DSSS

signal

Code


Demodulator

Carrier

Data



27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


27

Spreading

Code

1

-1

Data X Code1

-1

Data Signal1

-1X

=

1

-1

Despreading

Code

X=

Recovered

Data

1

-1


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


28



1

-1

1

-1

Synchronized


Not Synchronized

1

-1

1

-1

1

-1


Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

Re

ce

ive

d

co

de

s

Lo

ca

l

co

de

s

Use

r

da

ta

X

1

-1

X

1

-1

Detection

Threshold

Detection

Threshold


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


29



Time

Fre

quency

Frequency Hopping

Fre

quency

Time

Direct Sequence


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


30

Frequency

Synthesizer

Code

Generator



Transmit

FHSS

Signal

Source


Carrier


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


31

Received

FHSS

signal

Frequency


Synchronized

Tracking

Data


Demodulator

Carrier





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG





Ts

Ts

Ts

Ts

Reception Ok

with equalization


NOT recoverable

A)

B)






Page 33

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG






Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

Coder

(QAM)

X

X

X

f0

f1

f2

RSerial

To

Parallel

RN

RN

RN

XfRF


Page 34

B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


B 2B

fRFfIF

B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

fRFf0f1

f2

BWTOTgt2B

Not very efficient




imposed

Page 35


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG




imposed


B3

B3

B3

2B3 2B3 2B3

f0

f1

f2

fRF


Page 36

T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


T

1T


Page 37







Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG








Page 38


BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG




BW =

SymRate(1+ )

BW =

carriers x spacing

Adj Chan =

Distortion

Adj Chan =

Normal Rolloff


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Processing

Compression

Error Corr

Encode

SymbolsAD

ModI I

Q Q

IF RF



Map to I amp Q


Modulate

Convert to RF


DA

Somewhere here

Transmitter Basics

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

AGC Demod Q

I I

QDecode

Bits

Adaption

Process

DecompressDA

IFRF

Convert to IF

Filter


Demodulate

Decode Bits


AD

Somewhere here

Receivers Basics



Page 42

80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



80216


Po

we

r c

on

su

mp

tio

n i

n d

up

lex

1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M100

1W

01W

10mW

80211a HiperLAN2

10W

WAN

Proprietary

ISM

80211b

DECT

LAN

ZigBee

UWB

PAN

RFID

3G

HSDPAEVD

O3G

GPRSGSM

EDRBluetooth




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG




Added channel pages









with radio tags


802154f Active RFID





dominate



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

0

0 EU 868 MHz BPSK



1

0 868 MHz ASK

1 - 10 915 MHz ASK


2

0 868 MHz O-QPSK

1 - 10 915 MHz O-QPSK



Channel Freq Mod

Page Number

4

0 lt 1GHz UWB

1 - 4Low band

UWB

5-15High band

UWB

5China

0-3 780 MHz O-QPSK

4-7 780 MHz MPSK

6 Japan

0-9 950 MHz BPSK

10-21 950 MHz GFSK

7-31 Reserved

2009

Ref IEEE 15-09-0633-00-004g


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


What It Is



What Is It For




Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Smartening The Grid

Existing Smart

Energy Generation



(renewable)


Closed

Open standards for



ControlClosed

systems


control circuits















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG















Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Pole mounted

relay Santa Rosa

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop

Page 50


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

What is Zigbee





life in the devices



hop


Page 51







Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG








Page 53

PHY Layer





802154

Zigbee

Alliance

Defined

User Defined

Some

vendor

specific




Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 54

PHY Layer






transmitters


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 55


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 56


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 57

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

ZigBee Applications

Page 58


Simply Works

RESIDENTIAL

LIGHT

COMMERCIAL

CONTROL

CONSUMER

ELECTRONICS

TV

VCR

DVDCD

remote

Security HVAC

lighting control

access control

lawn amp garden

irrigation

PC amp

PERIPHERALS

INDUSTRIAL

CONTROL

asset mgt

process

control

environmental

energy mgt

PERSONAL

HEALTH CARE

BUILDING

AUTOMATION

security

HVAC

AMR

lighting control

access control

mouse

keyboard

joystick

patient

monitoring

Fitness

monitoring


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 59



applications



solutions













Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG









Page 60


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 61


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 62



Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Interrogator

(Reader)

Transponder

(Tag)

Forward link

transmission from

Reader to Tag


to Reader


RFID use examples




- Airport security

- Toll payment


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Tags




end-use

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

RFID TagsActive






Passive







bull Cheaper






ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG





ndash Backscatter

A

B


100

0

Display Real

ASK Meas Time d



Verify






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG






EPCglobal C1

Gen2

(ISO 18000-6 Type

C)

Forward DSB-ASK 625

12525 us

PIE

Return 4080120

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type A


Return 40160

kbps

FM0

ISO 18000-6

Type B


Return 40160

kbps

FM0






Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 69


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Time Domain












Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Output Power (675)

Power RiseFall





Constellation Error


Page 71




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter

Sensitivity (6533)



Energy Detect (677)


Page 72




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG




Vector

Signal

Analyzer

Spectrum

Analyzer

Signal

GeneratorOBT

Power

Meter



Page 73



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



bull Channel Power

bull ACPR

bull OBW


bull Spectrum Mask










ndash Duty Cycle


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 75


for RF Rx test

Signal Analyzer

for RF Tx meas

DC Power Analyzer


optimization

Oscilloscope


analysis

Vector Signal

Analyzer SW



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



MXA

PXA


CXA

Perf

orm

an

ce

EXA

N9064A


Modulation Analysis



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



bull LTE FDD TDD




bull TD-SCDMAHSPA






bull MATLAB


Applications


Page 77

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz







Target Applications



bull Manufacturing


Performance

bull Up to 6 GHz


bull Best ACPR

bull Excellent EVM





ESGMXG







- maximizes uptime










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG










MATLAB







Page 79









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG









I2C

SPI

UARTs

RS-232

RS-422

RS-485

CAN

LIN

FlexRay

MIL-STD 1553

I2S



Chip to chip

Board to IO


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


their scopes










How often hellip



Serial-to-analog IO

Analog Parallel bus

Serial bus










50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG








50 mADiv500 msDiv


14 sDiv 3 mADiv








bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG







bull Oscilloscope










down testing







Drain Analysis


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Laptop or PC

running Agilent

14585A software

9V DC in

Pulsed demo load

simulates mobile

phone standby

mode current drain





Ave current

= 142 mA

Load

in


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


FFT analyzer









Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 87

YIG ADC

Analog IF


Digital Log Amp

Digital Detectors

FFT


Pre-amp

Replaced

by

Page 88



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



on ASIC

Flexibility




Accuracy



Speed


FFT






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG






Page 89



Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 90

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Time amp Spectrum

Page 91


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 92


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 93

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Symbol Error Table

Offset EVM

EVM

Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Freq Error

IQ Offset

Rho

Quadrature Error

Gain Imbalance

Page 94

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Demonstrations

95






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG






Backup Slides



Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 98

PA non-linearity

LO instability


IQ path errors

Clock errors

Spurs generation


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 99

I

Q Q

I





Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



Page 100





How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


How to verify

Page 101





With compression

Without compression

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

IQ Impairments

Page 102



IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

IQ Impairments


Page 103




Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



Page 104

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Clock impairments


Page 105




Page 106

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

0

1

2

-2 -1 0 1 2


transmitterrsquos

symbol

period

Error = 1 Error = 2

0 1 2-1-2



receiverrsquos

symbol

period

Page 107






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG






Page 108



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



Page 109



received signal




to the symbol rate)


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 110


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


errors in the value

Page 111


symbols


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


Page 112



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



Page 113


Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Interfering tone

Page 114



Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Interfering tone

Out of channel tone

Page 115

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

Interfering tone

In channel tone

Page 116





(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



(1)

Page 117



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



(2)

Page 118

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

60 GHz Markets

119



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG



57 ndash 66GHz



60GHz and beyond




connections



120




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG




57240 GHz 59400 GHz 61560 GHz 63720 GHz

216GHz



65880 GHz

5GHz

60GHz




5725 GHz

5350 GHz 5470 GHz


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


5GHz

bull Advantages




bull Disadvantages


Interference


Coding



60GHz

bull Advantages



ndash Antenna Size

ndash Data Capacity

bull Disadvantages

ndash Limited Range


bull Frequency

bull Bandwidth

bull Connectivity


60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

60 GHz Use Models

Slide 123

clipmovie

movie






Use Model Example






IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

IEEE 80211ad




Modulations Used





04 to 67 Gbps

124

-094 +094-12-16-22 221612fc

0 dBr

-20 dBr-25 dBr

-30 dBr

Frequency (GHz)


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG


DUT

IF

5G

Hz

IQ Data




N5152A 5GHz60GHz UC

4112011





PSA PXA MXA EXA

IF 5GHz

Spectrum tests


N5183A-520 MXG

N1999A 60GHz5GHz DC

Differential IQ

81180A AWG

wireless for industrial applications - keysight home and industrial applications… page 3 building...

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