Wireless Information Wireless Information Devices and the Devices and the Mobile InternetMobile Internet

Charles DaviesCharles DaviesPsion CTOPsion CTO

charles.davies@psion.comcharles.davies@psion.com

Contents

•Summary

•Introduce Psion, history

•Symbian joint venture, history

•Intro to Wireless Information Devices

•WID design issues

•Technology drivers

•Summary

Summary

•Many kinds of devices will access the internet – not just PC’s– Wireless information devices will challenge the PC as the dominant

internet access device•Mobile internet isn’t just WAP

– WAP will probably be the main driver over the next 1-2 years•Psion believes in a richer mobile internet experience than is possible with just WAP – or even any browser

– Gap between wireless and wired bandwidth will increase and devices need a significant off-line capability

– SyncML is an important mobile internet standard•Future is unpredictable and exciting

– Numerous potentially disruptive technologies– Many competing form factors and platforms– Complex industry value networks which have yet to “lock”

· Network operators, content providers, device manufacturers

Psion

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99

Turnover £m

SoftwareOrganiser

London Quotation

Dacom acquired

Series 3

Series 3a

Series 3c

Series 5

Workabout

Symbian

Divisionalisation

Psion’s History and Roots

Psion Vision

•In the emerging age of mobile Internet, more and more people will depend on personal, wireless access to the Internet, wherever they are.

•Mobile Internet will empower them in their work and personal life with information, communications, transactions and entertainment.

•Since its inception, Psion has provided innovative solutions addressing real customer needs. Psion will shape and lead the mobile internet age by delivering distinctive mobile internet solutions and devices to people and organisations.

Psion PLC

Computers

Symbian

Enterprise Infomedia Dacom/ Connect

Internet

Software

Devices

Services

28% owned

Psion Current Products

Revo S7/NetBook

GoldCard56k ModemISDNGSM10/100Ethernet Workabout

HC

CommunicatorTablet

Smartphone

V-Comm

5mx

Travel modem

Symbian

Symbian Joint Venture

Psion -> Symbian History

•Psion Organiser I in 1984, 8-bit technology•Start work on 16-bit multi-tasking OS in 1988•Series3 launched in 1991•Starts work on 32-bit RISC (ARM) OS in Nov 1994•Psion Software division formed July 1996

– Decision to license platform externally– Psion Software focuses on cellular device manufacturers– Acquires Nokia and Philips as licensees

•Series5 launched in June 1997•On 24th June 1998, Psion Software turned into the Symbian joint venture with Ericsson, Nokia, Motorola, & subsequently Panasonic

•Symbian now 560 people strong (from a base of about 100)

Symbian’s Mission

To set the standard for mobile wireless operating systems

To enable a mass market for Wireless Information Devices (WIDs)

Wireless Information Devices

Communicator Smartphone

MobilePhone

FixedPhone

FeaturePhone

Laptop

Desktop

Computing Communication

Internet

Palmtop

Symbian DFRDs

Crystal

QuartzPearl

DFRD = Device Family Reference Design

The Symbian Platform

Symbian operating system

Symbian system layer

Symbian application engines

Sym

bian

Pla

tfor

m

5%

55%

20%

20%Symbian user interfaces

CrystalCommunicators

QuartzPhone Pads

PearlSmartphones

Wireless Information Devices

PDASet Top BoxWeb Pad

Games Console

WID

MessagingContacts Agenda

Secure personal data

Fax

Corporate dataInternet

WAP Phone

Universal Internet Access

Work PC

Home PC

Mobile Internet Devices

Simple Phone

SMS

Voice

WAP Phone

WAP

SMS

Voice

Connected PDA

HTMLLocal Processing

Local Memory

WAP/SMS

Java

SyncML

Sub- Notebook

Windows

HTML

Java

SyncML

WID

HTML

Local Processing

Local Memory

WAP/SMS

Java

SyncML

Voice

Notebook

Windows

HTML

Java

SyncML

Full PCEnriched ClientSimple Client

Forces Driving Mobile Internet

•Higher speeds + instant access/push– GSM/CDMA/TDMA -> GPRS -> UMTS

•More & better devices– One box - WIDs - integrated GSM/CDMA/TDMA– Two box - PDAs + Bluetooth + Phones– Multimedia capabilities: audio/video– Every cell phone a WAP phone

•Services aimed at mobile devices– Time and location sensitive/aware services– “Access-anywhere solutions” ,e.g. universal PIM– Voice input and voice-data integration

•Media awareness– Hot topic fuelling demand

Mobile Internet Devices

Simple Phone

WAP Phone

Connected PDA Sub- Notebook

WID Notebook

Full PCEnriched ClientSimple Client

Unit Shipments

280M

500M

22M

31M

8M

100M

2000

2003

Wireless Information Devices

HandheldComputer

MobilePhone

+Internet Wireless

InformationDevice

1BillionMobile PhoneSubscribers

1BillionInternetUsers

Mobile Phones Surpass PCs

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Mobile Subscribers

PC Installed base

Millions of Users

Sources: EMC 2000, Dataquest1999

Industry Value Chains

•There are three inter-related ‘value chains’ involved in provision of mobile internet solutions to the user

•Need to understand and selectively play based on where value is captured, who owns the customer relationship

Terminals

Services

Service deliveryH/w Components

DevicesS/w Components

e-Commerce infra-structure

PortalsContent & services

NetworkOperators

Service Providers

NetworkInfrastructure

Pipe or portal?Walled gardens?Sticky gardens?

WID-addressed Mobile Needs

PersonalOrganisation

VoiceCommunication

Messaging (email, SMS, fax)Information Access

Mobile Enterprise ComputingMobile eCommerce

Entertainment

Handheld computer Mobile phone

Core Benefits

ConnectedElectronicOrganiser

InternetAccess

MobileFeaturePhone

Dial/answer Contact

Em

ail Contact

SMS

Contact

Fax Contact

Messaging

SyncML

i-Mode

•i-Mode has “crossed the chasm” in Japan

– 5 million subscribers now

– 10 million forecast within 18 months of launch

– Overtaken Nifty (Japan’s largest wired ISP)

– Subscribers currently increasing by >100K per week

– >3k i-Mode web sites increasing by 150 per week

•Controlled by network operator - NTT DoCoMo

•Only 9600 bps - speed is not the main benefit

– Uses PDC-P - packet switched service always on

•Based on HTML 3.0 with additional tags

– No new language for content providers to learn

•Only Japan, so roaming not an issue

WID Design Issues

Design trade-offs

• Data vs. voice

– Separate devices?

– Separate networks?

– Separate service contracts?

• Performance vs. availability

– Performance: functions, processing power, screen, keyboard

– Availability: size, weight, battery life, instant on, responsiveness

Data

Phone

Smartphone

Palm VIIRIM Blackberry

Nokia 9110

Mobile phone

Performance

Availability

Series5

PC Notebook

Palm IIIRevo

Series7

•Keyboard vs. pen– Just pen, just keyboard or

keyboard+pen– Pointing devices improve the UI

experience– Keyboards make text input easier

•1-box vs. 2-box (or even 3-box)– IrDA 2-box– Bluetooth 2-box (or 3-box)– Flexibility vs. simplicity– Hold to ear vs. headset and hands

free•Voice control?

Form factorsPhone

HandheldComputer

IrDA orBluetooth

Radio

HandheldComputer

Bluetooth

Headset

2-box

3-box

Application models

•Thin client (fixed client)– WAP, Web (HTML), Citrix– Easiest to program, widest standard

•Synchronisation– SyncML– Responsive off-line usage, best user experience,

efficient use of wireless bandwidth•Client-server

– Connected Java or C++ application– Best on-line user experience

•Push– New model, SMS smart messaging– Asynchronous notifications

13

WID Platform Positioning

Rich user experience

Citrix

Off-line capableNetwork dependent

Basic user experience

WAPI-mode

HTML Java

EPOC C++

SMS

Webclipping

TomTom Quartz demo

Enriched Mobile Internet

See www.tomtom.com

Technologies

Technologies

•Microbrowsers

•SyncML

•GSM -> GPRS -> EDGE -> UMTS

•Bluetooth

•Java

•DAB

•Speech recognition

Microbrowsers

•WAP

•C-HTML

– I-mode

•Microsoft have their own cut down HTML

•Palm’s Web clipping

•“Full” HTML in a small screen

– Psion (EPOC), Nokia 9110 (GEOS)

– Symbian communicator class devices will have a full browser

– XHTML is attractive

•Multimode microbrowsers

– E.g. HTML + WAP

WAP

•Functionally similar to Web•Very limited client capability assumed

– Designed for small screens, limited OS, narrow bandwidth,high latency – “long thin pipe”

•All mobile phones will have a WAP browser soon– WAP browser compatibility is biggest issue today– Some security problems at the gateway

•WAP implementations will get better•WAP standard will evolve and get better•WAP essentially mandated by network operators•Several 100M WAP phones will drive WML content/services•Will not charm (user interface not good)•Really needs GPRS – which is really coming•WAP is a “must have” but it is not the full mobile internet answer•Attractive to content/application providers because of installed base

Browser Platform

Data Source

WAP Browser

WAP Gateway

HTML

XML

Small screen HTML WML

WID Web BrowserPC Web Browser

Transcoding(Using e.g. XSL)

WML/HTTP

WMLBIN/WSP

n nn

Repurposing

Data Source

WAP Browser

WAP Gateway

HTML

Small screen HTML WML

WID Web Browser

PC Web Browser

Repurposing Proxy

Multimode Browser

Data Source

WAP Browser

WAP Gateway

HTML

XML

WML

Opera Browser

www.operasoftware.com

SyncML

• Industry initiative for an open synchronisation platform– Sponsored by Ericsson, IBM/Lotus, Motorola/Starfish, Nokia,

Palm & Psion•Enduring need for local data despite improvements in wireless bandwidth and coverage

– E.g. you don’t want to use WAP to get every contact number– Synchronised data includes contacts, calendar, todo’s, files,

database records, application programs•Standard sync protocol that meets the need for interoperability between terminals and servers

– Terminals: from phones to WID’s to PC’s– Services: Internet-based PIM, email, backup, installing

applications•Psion producing EPOC client and corresponding services•See www.syncml.org

Bluetooth

•Low cost, low power short distance radio link– Data and Voice– 10m range but can be turned up to 100m– Uses globally available spectrum (2.4GHz)

•Overwhelming industry support•Makes 2-box and 3-box more attractive•Also attractive for accessing LAN’s via network access points

•More effort to ensure interoperability than IrDA•Integration cost target is $5 but this needs time and enormous volume

– 2-3 years to reach sub $10•See www.bluetooth.com

15

Growth in Wireless Data Speeds

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

GSM GPRS EDGE UMTS

Me

ga

bit

s P

er

Se

co

nd

Today 2000 2001 2003

Wireless broadband?

•Speed will drive market growth

– Speed will improve markedly

– But this has been over-hyped

– Real speed less than theoretical maxima

– A few megabits per base station

•Broadband is “Always On” connectivity model

– No call set-up required – Instant Access– Better user experience– Enables new / richer

applications

GPRS

•Packet switched data on GSM networks– IP connection to network operator’s intranet

•Coverage starting 2nd half 2000– Full domestic roll-out will take ~2 years, roaming

support may take longer, numerous practical problems•Always connected more important than bps

– Will transform WAP experience•GPRS data rates have been over hyped

– Super hype 170kbps, hype 115kbps, reality 43kbps•Charging model still uncertain

– One simple option is price per packet– E.g. NTT DoCoMo charges 0.3 Yen per 128-byte

packet ($24 per MB or $1.35 per minute assuming $1=100Yen)

16

Number of Users per GSM Transmit Channel

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

14.4kbps 28.8kbps 56kbps

Circuit (HSCSD)

GPRS

Source: Nortel

Based on statistical assessment

GPRS Data Throughput

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

2 slots

4 slots

8 slots

Data Throughput (kbps)

Number of Users

Source: Nortel

Based on statistical assessment

Digital Audio Broadcasting

•Digital Audio Broadcasting– Also called Digital Radio– Digital replacement of Analogue FM/AM– FM/AM transmissions will cease in 5-10 years

•Eureka 147– Pioneered by the BBC some 10 years ago– ETSI standard for transmission of DAB (1995)– Being adopted world-wide (except US & Japan)

•Availability– BBC have been broadcasting since 1995– UK Commercial stations launched November ’99– In Europe, DAB transmissions are available to 150

million people

World-wide Adoption

User Benefits of Digital Radio

•Near-CD Quality Sound

– MPEG1, Layer II : more like Minidisk (5:1) than MP3 (12:1)

•Robust reception

– Interference-free, even when mobile

•Single Frequency Network

– No re-tuning required when travelling

•More listening choice

– Several new Digital-only stations

•Data Services

– PAD - Artist and Track names with Audio stream

– Packet Mode - Broadcast Web Sites

DAB Multiplex

• To make efficient use of the frequency spectrum, several audio and data services are brought together into one Multiplexed bit-stream

AudioService 1

AudioService 2

AudioService 3

DataService 1

Audio S1192 Kbps

Audio S2192 Kbps

Audio S396 Kbps

Data S164 Kbps

1.5 Mbps

Note: The sub-channels can be dynamically reconfiguredby the Multiplexer without interrupting the audio flow

Examples of data rates:

Stereo Music Service 128-192 KbpsMono Music Service 96 KbpsMono Speech Service 64 KbpsData Service (multiples of 8 Kbps) 64 Kbps

Broadcast Websites

•DAB is true ‘push’ technology– Can provide a flow of real-time information from Internet content

· BBC’s Vision Radio is created from BBC On-Line site· News, Weather, Travel, Sport & Electronic Program Guides· Can be ‘synchronised’ with Audio transmission

– Commercial stations looking at E-commerce options– New Advertising opportunities

•Carousel transmission– Like Teletext, data has to be transmitted in a Carousel

· Data must be repeated as user can switch on at any time· Receiver builds a copy of the Website in memory (1-2MB)· Can request data with a back channel via PSTN or GSM Modem

WaveFinder – A Smart Antenna for the PC

•PC based DAB receiver•Uses PC CPU, display and sound system

– Connects via USB– Links Radio to the Web (25% of surfers listen to the radio)

•High quality audio source– CD Quality unlike FM or ‘streamed’ radio– Record in secure MP3 format on hard-disk or CD-R– For MP3 users, it is the first ‘free-to-air’ source of MP3 music

•Receive new data services– PAD and Broadcast Web Sites

•PC provides back-channel•Fixed today, mobile tomorrow, DAB with GPRS back-channel•See www.wavefinder.com

Java

Server

Desktop

Devices

Problem forJava to solveWindows

NT, Unix, Linux, Solaris, MVS, AS400,

VMS, legacy

EPOC, CE, PalmOS,Linux, JavaOS, OS/9,

Proprietary

Java 2

J2 E ES ervers

J2 S ED esk top P C

F ou n d ation P ro file

C D C

M ID P ro file

C L D C

J2 M ED evices

Java2P la tfo rm s

CDC = Connected Device ConfigurationCLDC = Connected Limited Device Configuration (KVM)MID = Mobile Information Device

Configurations

Profiles

Java on WID’s

•MExE (ETSI GSM standard)– Mobile Station Application Execution Environment– MExE classmark 1 is WAP– MExE classmark 2 is WAP + Java

•Symbian supports Java– JAE 1.1.4 on e.g. Psion NetBook– PersonalJava and JavaPhone on new DFRDs– J2ME profile/configuration to be decided thereafter

· UI library is an issue (AWT unsuitable for some devices)– All EPOC devices will ultimately ship with Java

•Applications, Applets, IBM’s DirectDOM•Highly likely that standard Java platforms will be defined in the WID space

Speech Recognition

•Limited vocabulary recognition is comfortably achievable

•Speech dictation is borderline on next generation hardware platforms

– E.g. 200MHz ARM, 64Mb memory

•Speech UI’s need to be worked out

•WID form factor could be more ergonomically viable than a PC

– More natural to hold to mouth

– No large keyboard to compete with

•PC dictation took off when 230 MHz PC’s arrived

•It’s more a question of when rather than if

Summary

•Many kinds of devices will access the internet – not just PC’s– Wireless information devices will challenge the PC as the dominant

internet access device•Mobile internet isn’t just WAP

– WAP will probably be the main driver over the next 1-2 years•Psion believes in a richer mobile internet experience than is possible with just WAP – or even any browser

– Gap between wireless and wired bandwidth will increase and devices need a significant off-line capability

– SyncML is an important mobile internet standard•Future is unpredictable and exciting

– Numerous potentially disruptive technologies– Many competing form factors and platforms– Complex industry value networks which have yet to “lock”

· Network operators, content providers, device manufacturers

Wireless Information Wireless Information Devices and the Devices and the Mobile InternetMobile Internet

Charles DaviesCharles DaviesPsion CTOPsion CTO

charles.davies@psion.comcharles.davies@psion.com