wireless power theft monitering_2

7/29/2019 Wireless Power Theft Monitering_2

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PRESENTED BY

dharmendra Kumar .g


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Introduction

Literature Survey

Problem definition

Preliminary Design

Microcontroller PIC16F73

RF Transceiver

RF Receiver

Objective

Conclusion

Reference


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Electricity theft is at the center of focus all over theworld but electricity theft in India has a significant effect

on the Indian economy, as this figure is considerably

high.

The experts says, losses are currently 29 % of the

total generation, which equals a shocking Rs 45,000

crore in the year 2009-10 and 55,000cr in2011-12

According to experts, if not for these losses over a

decade now, India could have built two mega power

plants of around 4,000 MW capacity every yearPower loss in 2001-02 was 32.86% and increased

to 34.78% in 2003-04. In 2008-09 , it stood at 28.44%

but currently the figure is again 29.9%.


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The normal practice for power theft is to short the input and output

terminals or to place a magnet on the wheel in case of old meters.


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Use of single phase supply from three phase supply.

Disconnected neutral from both the ends. Used

earth/separate neutral for return circuit.

Connecting phase voltage to neutral of used single phasesupply. Potential difference w.r.t. neutral of used single

phase supply is zero. Hence power, product of voltage and

current, will be zero.

Drilling pin hole in meter box and in meter, near MRI port.

Disturbing electronic common reference point of

measurement


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These are some of the more common methods of identifying

electricity theft today:

Financial Rewards - Utility companies encourage consumers to

report electricity theft, sometimes offering big rewards for

information leading to conviction of anyone stealing electricity.

Unfortunately, most cases are never identified

Periodic Checks - Electricity theft frequently takes place after service

has been disconnected. Some utility companies periodically check

disconnected meters if the customer has not contacted them to

reconnect service. This labor-intensive, manual process has little

chance of success.

Meter Readers - Utility meter readers typically suspect that

electricity theft is taking place when they find a broken meter tag or

other signs of tampering. But as more utility companies outsource

the meter reading function to third parties, training meter readers to

detect theft is becoming more difficult and less efficient. In addition,

third party meter readers do not read disconnected meters


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Power theft detection circuit

Patent number : 4532471 ( 30.07.1985)

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for

detecting the theft of power when a short circuit jumperis coupled across a line conductor passing through watt-

hour meter. However the method is costlier to be

implemented and it has no way of alerting the authorities

unless a regular survey is done.


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Power theft detection system

Patent number : US20080109387A1(May 8th

2008)

The system finds out the power theft by

monitoring the total power consumption,

receiving the delivered power data that includesdata delivered to a number of users. Determining

the amount of difference between them, thus

finding out if power theft has occurred. But there

lies no specific way to find out where the powertheft has occurred


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Ineffective and inefficient present methods of detecting

and preventing Power theft cause a revenue loss along

with damage to personal and Public property

Large amount of power shortage is caused due to power

theft

One of the challenges in stopping power theft is the

difficulty in detecting power theft. In particular it is

difficult to find the exact location where power theft is

occurring.

Measurement of parameters like power line current and

power line voltage has not been available in a satisfactory

way to optimize power network management


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Regulated power supply.RF transmitter and Receiver.

Two Micro controller boards.

Serial Port interfacingPC

Meter and line pulse sensor

Relay systemMAX 232 Interface


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In our system, a micro controller is interfaced with an

energy metering circuit, current sensing circuit, RF

communication link & a contactor to make or break

power line. At the sub-station end, a pc is connected witha RF link to communicate with all energy meters & a

buzzer

In normal condition, micro controller reads energy pulses

& current signals. If current is drawing &energy pulses arenormal, then no power theft is being done & the o/p is

connected. If current is drawing & energy

If microcontroller detects no pulses, then it indicates

power theft. So microcontroller trips the o/p using relay.This information is sent to substation using wireless

communication

In the substation, it receives the information in the form

of digital codes & on decoding it, we can know at whichhouse ower theft occurred.


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The PIC16F73 CMOS FLASH-based 8-bitmicrocontroller

Operating speed: DC - 20 MHz clock input

DC - 200 ns instruction cycle

Features 8 channels of 8-bit Analog-to-

Digital (A/D) converter

Up to 8K x 14 words of FLASH ProgramMemory, Up to 368 x 8 bytes of Data

Memory (RAM)


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A synchronous serial port that can be

configured as either 3-wire SPI or 2-wire

I2C bus,

a Universal Synchronous Asynchronous

Receiver Transmitter(USART)

a Parallel Slave Port.

Only 35 single word instructions to learn

Interrupt capability (up to 12 sources)Eight level deep hardware stack


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An RF transmitter module is a small pcbsub assembly capable of transmitting a

radio wave and modulating that wave tocarry data. Transmitter modules are usuallyimplemented alongside a microcontrollerwhich will provide data to the module

which can be transmitted.


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The 433 MHz Parallax RF Transceiver Module

3.3 to 5.0VDC, Transmit: 12mA, Receive: 6.1 mA

Power Down: 11.5 uA High speed data transfer rates: 1200-9600 bps

Asynchronous serial data (TTL/CMOS compatible)

SIP header allows for ease of use with breadboards

Compatible with most microcontrollers including the

Propeller chip and all BASIC Stamp models

Power-down mode for conservative energy usage (longer

battery life)

Line of sight range up to 250 feet (depending on operating

conditions


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The ST-RX02-ASK

A effective low cost solution for using at

315/433.92 MHZ.

Receiver Frequency: 315 / 433.92 MHZTypical sensitivity: -105dBm

Supply Current: 3.5mA

IF Frequency:1MHz


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Real-time Power monitoring athouses.

Sensing the power theft at the exact

location.Transmitting the information over

wireless, to substation


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Aim of this project is at reducing the heavy power and

revenue losses that occur due to power theft by the

customers.

This design would like to conclude that the power theft

can be effectively curbed by detecting where the power

theft occurs inform the authorities. Also a automatic

circuit breaker may be integrated to the unit so as to

remotely cut off the power supply to the house or

consumer who tries to indulge in power theft.

The ability of this system to inform or send data digitally

to a remote station using wireless radio link adds a largeamount of possibilities to the way the power supply is

controlled by the electricity board.


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Thus by the above mentioned design we can successfully and

effectively address the problems related to power theft by

the consumers, in a completely automated, wire-free, cost

effective and most importantly a reliable way.


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IEEE links for this project:

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?url=

http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F4

918025%2F4918026%2F04918176.pdf%3Farnumber%3D4918176&authDecision=-203


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wireless power theft monitering_2

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