wireless’ddc’topologies( power((wibfi™’ 802.11 2.4’ghz 70 open 54’mbit/s’...

Wireless DDC

Jim Kohl Sr. Product Manager

Trane

Difficult materials

Churn Unexpected use

Common Building Challenges

Construc6on delays and cost overruns

Topics

•  Key wireless benefits – When wireless make sense

•  Wireless technology -‐ opCons and basics

•  Wireless project examples

•  QuesCons and discussion

Key Wireless Advantages

•  On-‐Cme, on budget project compleCon – Minimized field labor – Reduced project risk

•  Easier problem solving

•  Life-‐cycle savings Wired systems – single point of failure

Wireless mesh – self-‐healing, redundant paths

When Wireless Makes Sense

•  When control devices need to be moved – RelocaCon drivers

•  Poor locaCon –  Sensing accuracy –  Access –  AestheCcs

•  ReconfiguraCon -‐ change of use – Examples

•  Zone sensors •  Service tools

When Wireless Makes Sense

• When installaCon Cme, cost, and risk is high – ExisCng building projects – Difficult or hazardous materials – Distance or access – DisrupCons

Background Past wireless soluCons leveraged exisCng wireless standards

– Not specifically designed for HVAC, resulCng in compromised •  Range •  BaVery life •  Reliability •  Product cost

Common Wireless OpCons

Wireless Op6on

Typical Uses

Wi-‐Fi™ Replaces Ethernet cable (building controllers)

Bluetooth® Short range, moderate data rate applicaCons (service tools)

Enocean® Moderate range, low data rate applicaCons (sensors, lighCng)

ZigBee® Moderate range and data rate applicaCons (commercial buildings, sensors, equipment controls)

Z-‐wave™ Moderate range, low data rate applicaCons (residenCal thermostats, lighCng)

Wireless OpCons Summary

Wireless Op6on

Freq Typical Range (meters)

Open or Proprietary

Data Rate

Topologies Power

Wi-‐Fi™ 802.11

2.4 GHz 70 Open 54 Mbit/s Point-‐to-‐point Star

BaVery (hours)

Bluetooth® 802.15.1

2.4 GHz 10 Open 3 Mbit/s Point-‐to-‐point BaVery (days)

Enocean® ISO/IEC 14543-‐3-‐10

~ 900 MHz

30 Open 125 kbps

Point-‐to-‐point Power harvesCng BaVery (years)

ZigBee® 802.15.4

2.4 GHz 70* Open* 250 kbps

Point-‐to-‐point Star Mesh

Power harvesCng (ZSE) BaVery (years)

Z-‐wave™ NA

~ 900 MHz

30 Proprietary 40 kbps Mesh BaVery (years)

* Requires ZigBee Building AutomaCon cerCficaCon

Terms and DefiniCons

•  Topologies – A communicaCon network

•  (WordNet ® 2.0, © 2003 Princeton University)

–  Types •  Point-‐to-‐point •  Star/point-‐to-‐mulC-‐point •  Mesh/mulC-‐hop

•  Cluster Tree/hybrid

Different applica?ons demand differing wireless topologies


•  Point-‐to-‐point –  Simple wire replacement – Direct communicaCon between devices –  Limited communicaCon

Simple, point-‐to-‐point networks consume the least amount of power


•  Star/point-‐to-‐mulC-‐point – Centralized rouCng and control point

– Examples: Wi-‐Fi

– All data must flow through control point


•  Mesh

– Full redundancy – Self-‐configuring – Self-‐healing

Wireleess mesh is the op?mum solu?on for most building applica?ons


•  What is IEEE 802.15.4? –  Used for low duty cycle, long baVery life applicaCons –  Wide range of topologies, including mesh

–  Can remain quiet for long periods

–  Designed specifically for sensor networks •  Power consumpCon

•  Data rates •  Distance


•  ZigBee™ – Wireless protocol enabling reliable, cost-‐effec?ve, low-‐power, wirelessly networked, monitoring and control products based on an open global standard

– Wireless protocol used with IEEE 802.15.4 radios

– Most leading controls suppliers are members of the ZigBee Alliance

–  Commercial Building Automa?on standard under development


•  Protocol – Wireless networks

• Wi-‐Fi – Current open standard/Interoperable – Used on IEEE 802.11x radios

– Wireless sensor networks •  ZigBee

– Eventual industry-‐accepted open standard/interoperable

– Used on IEEE 802.15.4 radios •  Proprietary


IEEE STANDARD RADIOS (+)

(+)

(−)

(−)

802.15.4 / ZigBee

802.15.1 / Bluetooth

802.11 / Wi-Fi

802.15.3 / Wireless USB

Date Rate

Ran

ge


•  2.4 GHz device coexistence? –  PotenCal for interference -‐ every band – Designed for coexistence

•  IEEE 802.15.4 – Check before transmission

– Back off and retry (no confirmaCon)

– Duty cycle is very low

Wireless Project Examples

•  IEEE 802.15.4 – Middle school – new construcCon –  School district mulCple building – retrofit –  Large retail building – new construcCon

•  IEEE 802.11 – Airport cargo area –  Corporate HQ

Middle School

Challenge •  Sensor roughed-‐in behind

whiteboard

SoluCon •  Wireless sensors

Outcomes •  Wireless is now standard •  $50,000+ relocaCon savings

–  ADA locaCon requirements

(New Construction)

Wireless resolves unexpected use problems with location flexibility

School District (Retrofit)

Challenge

•  20 buildings •  10 Weeks to complete

project

SoluCon

•  Wireless sensors

Outcomes •  On-‐Cme compleCon

•  Wireless is now standard

Large Furniture Showroom (New Construction)

Challenge

•  925 Zones •  High churn rate SoluCon •  925 wireless sensors Outcomes

•  Lower construcCon costs •  Ongoing savings (churn)

Project – Airport Cargo Area 802.11 ApplicaCons & SoluCons

Building background •  Airport cargo terminals •  2 Separate cargo terminals •  2 Separate automaCon Systems installed in Late 90’s Project •  Connect the (2) automaCon systems together to enable access from either

building operaCons terminal Challenges •  No conduit from between buildings •  Trenching too expensive •  Security access to operaCons area SoluCon •  Building AutomaCon Systems integrated via wireless 802.11g

communicaCons network


3rd party bridge/access point with omnidirecConal antenna


Results – Wireless soluCon allowed project to move forward –  Expense to trench was eliminated –  Eliminated security access to restricted areas –  Building automaCon system was integrated in less than 1-‐week.

– Access between buildings eliminated the operator from walking between buildings

–  Response Cme to customer issues drasCcally reduced

Project 802.11 ApplicaCons & SoluCons

Building Background •  Large HQ campus •  4 separate buildings

Project •  RenovaCon and employee relocaCon •  Integrate new equipment & controls for all buildings

Challenges •  Can not uClize company LAN for HVAC communicaCons •  TradiConal wired systems were cost prohibiCve •  Concurrent renovaCon and employee relocaCon

SoluCon •  Building automaCon systems integrated via wireless 802.11g

communicaCons network throughout campus

Corporate HQ Project 802.11 ApplicaCons & SoluCons

3rd party bridge/access point with patch antenna

Corporate HQ Project 802.11 ApplicaCons & SoluCons

Results •  Wireless soluCon allowed project to move forward •  Network integraCon expense drasCcally reduced •  Eliminated security access issues •  UClized wireless for commissioning •  Project completed on Cme during •  Provided access to all HVAC equipment •  Minimized risk of lost communicaCons during construcCon •  Easy future expansion projects and integraCon

RecommendaCons 1.  Take advantage of wireless soluCons today 2.  Specify IEEE standard radios

–  ApplicaCon-‐specific •  The right power, range, and topology

–  Reliability

–  Performance

–  Long baVery life

–  Designed for Coexistence

3.  Expect appropriate cerCficaCons (UL, CE, FCC) 4.  Leverage interoperable standards

–  WiFi™ at building level

–  ZigBee™ at unit level

–  IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee at sensor level (most sensor devices are analog today, ZBA not yet available)

QuesCons and Answers

…and thanks for coming!

wireless’ddc’topologies( power((wibfi™’ 802.11 2.4’ghz 70 open 54’mbit/s’...

Documents