women and armed conflict by karen tañada april 16, 2005 marcelo fernan press center, cebu city
TRANSCRIPT
Women and Armed Conflict
By Karen TañadaApril 16, 2005
Marcelo Fernan Press Center,Cebu City
Effects of the Armed conflict on Women
1. WOMEN AS DIRECT VICTIMS OF ARMED CONFLICT
Victims of armed conflict experience the conflict through arrests, disappearances, salvaging/ frustrated
salvages, evacuations, death in evacuations, foodblockades, divestment of property, destruction of
property, harassments, casualties due to crossfire.(Quintos-Deles, 1993, using monitoring data of theTask Force Detainess of the Philippines (TFDP))
Main effects on women atlocal level
economic dislocation; intense sense of insecurity; sexual harassment or assault; unraveling of traditional social structures and
relations; and undermining if not dispersal of women’s
organizations
Women are affected differently than men
Women and men in Dalengaoen, Pikit, North Cotabato argued as the men were in favor of arming themselves
while the women said that the resort to arms would attract more violence. Widows of men killed in the
AFP-MILF conflicts also faced the additional burden of having to seek work to supplement their income, aside from caring for their children and their farms.
Upon returning to their communities from evacuation, women also have to cope with the absence of water and health facilities and loss of productive assets. “Social Assessment of Conflict-Affected Areas in
Mindanao“ (World Bank, 2003)
2. WOMEN AS SUPPORT SYSTEM
Military related prostitution Forced or cheap labor for camps Military/revolutionary wives
Innabuyog, a regional alliance of indigenous women in the Cordillera has documented 98 cases of abandoned women and 119 cases
of abandoned children of soldiers stationed in the Cordillera in a span of ten years.
(Yocogan-Diano, 2004)
3. WOMEN AS COMBATANTS
- Women in PMA, women in the field?- Women in the MNLF and MILF- Women in NPA
4. WOMEN AS INDIRECT VICTIMS
Size of military budget in relation to that for health, social services
Creation of a culture of violence Dominance of military men in government and
politics
During the Ramos administration, 52 military officers were appointed to strategic agencies, and 34 during the first 22 months of Macapagal-Arroyo’s first term. They occupied cabinet, executive office, and ambassadorial posts. Many held key positions in the transportation and communications department and related agencies, in public corporations, and special economic zones.
From 1987 to 2001, fifty-two former military officers ran for various elective posts; twenty won their posts
(Gloria, 2003)
Women’s peace building at community levels
finding ways to alleviate economic hardships, resisting and neutralizing the effects of
militarization; mediating between the community and armed
groups, and organizing.
Women at Regional and National Levels
PAZ (Peace Advocates Zamboanga) Concerned Citizens of Abra for Good
Government (CCAGG) Paghiliusa sa Paghidaet Negros Cordillera Peoples’ Forum Mindanao Peoples’ Caucus
Women-led National Initiatives
National Peace Conference Coalition for Peace Peace Education Network Sulong CARHRIHL
Metro-Manila based National NGOs/Programs in Peace Work
Balay Rehabilitation Center University of the Philippines of Third World Studies UP Center for Integrative Development Studies
Peace (UP-CIDS) on Democratization and Human Rights Program,
Third World Movement Against the Exploitation of Women (TWMAE-W)
Balik Kalipay Gaston Z. Ortigas Peace Institute
Human Rights Organizations
Task Force Detainees of the Philippines PhilRights Amnesty International-Pilipinas Karapatan ECDFC Advocacy for the International Criminal Court
Assessing Women’s Role in:
Inter-religious dialogue Peace zones and other community initiatives Citizen’s 3rd party advocacy and monitoring emerging Bangsamoro civil society
Some Examples of Women’s Exemplary Practices
Bangsamoro Women Peace and Development Efforts (FBW)
Mindanao Commission on Women Peace Advocacy (Mothers for Peace)
Balik Kalipay and Child to Child Campaigns Al Mujadillah – gender engaging Islam East Asia Puerto Rico Women’s Network against
Militarism Comfort women’s struggle for memory and justice Lumad Women Peace Summit (October 2004)