women’s health in the u.s. · 27 lupus: the great imitator lupus is a widespread chronic...
TRANSCRIPT
Women’s Health in the U.S.
Frances E. Ashe-Goins RN, MPH
Associate Director for Partnerships and Programs
The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Office on Women’s Health.
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U.S. Population
281.4 million people in the US
29.5% are of racial or ethnic minority groups
143.4 million (50.9%) are female
42.1 million women (29.3%) are minority
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Racial and Ethnic Numbers for Women
White – 75.1% (221.5 million)
Hispanic/Latino – 13.3% (38.8 million)
African American/Black - 13% (36.4 million)
Asian American – 4.2% (11.9 million)
American Indian and Alaska Native – .9% to 1.5%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander – .3% (874,000)
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Status of Women’s Health: Leading Causes of Death
1. Heart disease
2. Cancer
3. Stroke
4. Chronic lung diseases
5. Alzheimer’s disease
6. Unintentional injuries
7. Diabetes
8. Influenza and pneumonia
9. Kidney disease
10. Septicemia
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Life Expectancy
Female infants born in 2007:
– Life expectancy is 80 years
– White females 81 years vs. 77 years for Black females
Male infants life expectancy is 75 years; the gap between the sexes have decreased from 8 to 5 years from 1975 to 2007.
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Change in Female Mortality by County, 1992–2006
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Source: Kindig & Cheng, Health Affairs 2013
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Male
Female
Source: Kindig & Cheng, Health Affairs 2013
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Leading Causes of Death
All women African-American
women
1. Heart Disease 2. All cancers 3. Stroke 4. Chronic lower respiratory
diseases 5. Diabetes 6. Flu & pneumonia 7. Alzheimer’s disease 8. Accidents 9. Kidney Disease 10. Septicemia
1. Heart Disease 2. All Cancers 3. Stroke 4. Diabetes 5. Kidney disease 6. Accidents 7. Chronic lower respiratory
disease 8. Septicemia 9. Flu & pneumonia 10. HIV
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Leading Causes of Death All women Hispanic American &
Latina Women
1. Heart Disease
2. All cancers
3. Stroke
4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
5. Diabetes
6. Flu & pneumonia
7. Alzheimer’s disease
8. Accidents
9. Kidney Disease
10. Septicemia
1. Heart Disease
2. All cancers
3. Stroke
4. Diabetes
5. Accidents
6. Flu & pneumonia
7. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
8. Perinatal conditions
9. Chronic liver disease & cirrhosis
10. Kidney disease
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Leading Causes of Death All women American Indian &
Native American women
1. Heart Disease
2. All cancers
3. Stroke
4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
5. Diabetes
6. Flu & pneumonia
7. Alzheimer’s disease
8. Accidents
9. Kidney Disease
10. Septicemia
1. Heart Disease
2. All cancers
3. Accidents
4. Diabetes
5. Stroke
6. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis
7. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
8. Flu & pneumonia
9. Kidney disease
10. Septicemia
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Leading Causes of Death All women Asian American, Pacific
Islander & Native Hawaiian women (API/NH)
1. Heart Disease
2. All cancers
3. Stroke
4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases
5. Diabetes
6. Flu & pneumonia
7. Alzheimer’s disease
8. Accidents
9. Kidney Disease
10. Septicemia
1. All cancers
2. Heart Disease
3. Stroke
4. Accidents
5. Diabetes
6. Flu & pneumonia
7. Chronic lower respiratory disease
8. Kidney disease
9. Hypertension
10. Septicemia
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Risk Factors for Disease
Tobacco Use is the single most cause of death and disease in the US.
Obesity
Physical Inactivity
Alcohol /Illicit Drug Use
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Health concerns - Self report
Heart disease – leading cause of death
Stroke death rates
Diabetes
Cancer Mortality
HIV/AIDS/STIs
Psychiatric Disorders- Depression and Suicide
HIV/AIDS About 1.1 million people in the United States were living with HIV at the end of 2009, the most recent year this information was available. Of those people, about 18% do not know they are infected.
Intimate Partner Violence
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Intimate Partner Violence
On average, 24 people per minute are victims of rape, physical violence, or stalking by an intimate partner in the United States, based on a survey conducted in 2010. Over the course of a year, that equals more than 12 million women and men. Those numbers only tell part of the story—more than 1 million women are raped in a year and over 6 million women and men are victims of stalking in a year.
30% of women experience IPV during their lifetime
IPV occurs among women of all socio-economic statuses (SES)
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What is Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)?
• The term “intimate partner violence” describes physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former partner or spouse. This type of violence can occur among heterosexual or same-sex couples and does not require sexual intimacy. (Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control )
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IPV
• Women are disproportionally affected by sexual violence, intimate partner violence and stalking
• Female victims of intimate partner violence experienced different patterns of violence than male victims
• The majority of victimization starts early in life
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2012 National Census of Domestic Violence Services
Participating local domestic violence programs 86%
Victims Served in One Day 64,324
Unmet Requests for Services 10,471
Hotline Calls Answered 20,821
Educated in Prevention and Education Trainings
25,182
Unmet needs were for housing 65%
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Actions
Be Aware
Report suspected abuse in family members and friends--be supportive !
Call 1-800-799-SAFE
Check for services in your community
Collaborate with organizations that address family and intimate violence
A National Campaign to Promote Lupus Awareness
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Lupus Data
Prevalence estimates vary widely, and range as high as 1,500,000 (Lupus Foundation of America). A recent study (Helmick, CG, et. al.)estimated a 2005 prevalence of 161,000 with definite SLE and 322,000 with definite or probable SLE.
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Lupus: The Great Imitator
Lupus is a widespread chronic autoimmune disease significantly impacting minority women ages 15-44.
Causes the immune system to attack the body’s own
tissue and organs These include the joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, brains,
blood and/or skin The immune system loses its ability to tell the
difference between itself and foreign tissue
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Steps Towards Positive Health
Family Health History Heart Disease Healthy diet Exercise & fitness Monitor cholesterol Take time for yourself/reduce stress Stroke Get blood pressure checked regularly Stop smoking Healthy diet/more vegetables and fruit Exercise
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Diabetes
Get screened
Exercise regularly
Eat healthy foods
Kidney Disease
Get blood pressure checked regularly
Check urinalysis for proteins
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Cancers Get a mammogram/colonoscopy Regular physical examinations/screenings Stop smoking HIV/AIDS/STIs Know the risk factors and educate your family Avoid activities that increase the risk of transmission Provide support for those infected and affected Get tested
The Office on Women’s Health
The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Office on Women’s Health.
Improving the Health of Women and Girls
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OWH Vision
All women and girls achieve the best possible health.
OWH Mission
The Office on Women’s Health provides national leadership and coordination to improve the health of women and girls through policy, education, and model programs.
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OWH helps women across the lifespan with many initiatives and programs.
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How to Connect with OWH:
facebook.com/HHSOWH
twitter.com/womenshealth
twitter.com/SaludDLaMujer
youtube.com/WomensHealthGov
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How to Connect with OWH:
facebook.com/girlshealth
twitter.com/girlshealth
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Thought for Today
“If we wait for the moment when everything is ready, we will never begin” - Ivan Turgenev
“All the strength you need to achieve anything, is within you” – Sara Henderson
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Contact Information
Frances E. Ashe-Goins RN, MPH
Associate Director for Partnerships and Programs
U.S. HHS- OWH
200 Independence Avenue, SW # 728E
Washington, DC 20201
202-690-6373; fax 202-401-4005