WOMEN EMPOWERMENT BY: JUNAID ALI NAEEM

World Bank says:“Empowerment is the process of increasing the capacity of individuals or groups to make choices and to transform those choices into desired actions and outcomes.”

Women Empowerment Women Empowerment refers to increasing the spiritual,

political, social, educational, gender, or economic strength of individuals and communities of women.

Women's Empowerment Has Five Components

Women's sense of self-worth; Their right to have and to determine

choices; Their right to have access to opportunities

and resources; Their right to have the power to control

their own lives, both within and outside the home;

And their ability to influence the direction of Social change to create a more just social and economic order, nationally and internationally.

PRESENT SITUATION OF WOMEN

About 66% of the female population in rural area is unutilized. This is mainly due to existing social customs.

In agriculture & animal care the women contribute 90% of the total work force. Women constitute almost half of the population, perform nearly 2/3rd of its work hours, receive 1/10th of the world’s income & own less than 1/100th of the world property.

Among the world’s 900 million illiterate people, women out number men two to one. 70% of people living in poverty are women.

Why Need of women empowerment?

The main problems that were faced by women in past days(and still today up to some extent): Gender discrimination Woman education Female infanticide Dowry Marriage in same caste and child marriage(still existing) Atrocities on Women: Raped, kicked, killed, subdued &

humiliated almost daily.

NEED FOR WOMEN EMPOWERMNENTWOMEN ARE DEPRIVED OF: Decision Making Power Freedom of Movement Access to Education Access to Employment Exposure to Media Domestic Violence

Women Empowerment In The Light Of Quran

“And for women are rights over men similar to those of men over women” (Noble Quran 2:228)"O mankind! Verily we have created you from a single (pair) of a male and female, and made you into nations and tribes that you may know each other." (Al-Hujraat 49:13) Equal rights Equal responsibilities Equally accountable to God in glorifying and worshipping Area of action for women

WOMEN OF PAKISTAN UNDER CONSTITUTION 1973

The Constitution of Islamic republic of Pakistan (1973) ensures fundamental rights to all citizens with out any discrimination of caste, creed, sex & religion.“All Citizens Are Equal, Irrespective Of Their Religion, Cast And Gender In Eyes Of Law”

Gender mainstreaming is essential for progress & prosperity. nearly half of Pakistan’s population is women, yet their participation is below the desirable in the process of development ,socio-cultural traditions reinforced by lack of access to opportunity and resources relegate majority of the women to traditional roles. Moreover in market orientated economic activities, although their contribution is substantial (agriculture) but largely it remains undervalued and un appreciated.

Women’s enterprises are often invisible segments of different markets and are not, therefore, recognized, counted or valued. For instance, many rural women engaged pre and post harvest processing which remains undercounted & under valued. Hence women’s contribution to both house hold & national economies remains unqualified.

There is 10%quota of employment reserved for women in public private sector organizations, currently its less than 5%. Most of the women are employed in Ministries of health, Education, population welfare & Social welfare. In public sector a small % of women are occupying high profile positions, Labor force participation rates of women in Pakistan is on increase from 13.7 in 2008-2010 to 16.80% in 2013-2015. By occupation women are still under represented at senior, legislative & managerial levels. The govt. has also fixed 10% quota for women Superior civil Services.

women and health,

violence against women,

women and poverty,

women and armed

conflict, women and economy,

women and education training

women in power and decision

making, human rights of women,

women and environment,

Critical Areas Spotted By National Plan Of Action

NATIONAL POLICYNATIONAL POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT AND EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN 8th March 2002 , duly approved by the Federal Cabinet provide key measures for empowerment of women and the role of Government , Family and the Society in its implementation. Goal was to empower Pakistani women Economically, Socially, Politically, & Increased no of seats for women in National assembly, Provincial assembly, Local government, senate.

Gender Gap In Pakistan

Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) Political Economic activity Decision making capability

Pakistan is 82 ranked out of 93 countries Gender Development Index (GDI) Health Income Education

Pakistan is ranked 125th out of 157 countries

Ranking Of Pakistan In Women Empowerment

Lack of education and employment Limited opportunities to acquire land/property Dispossessed of their inheritance Lost individual identity Heavy house load No involvement in decision making Inhuman social customs Low wedges in paid work Diet deficiency Sexual harassment

Causes Of Worst Conditions Of Women In Pakistan

WAYS TO EMPOWER WOMEN Changes in women's mobility and social

interaction; Changes in women's labor patterns; Changes in women's access to and control

over resources; and Changes in women's control over decision-

making.

WAYS TO EMPOWER WOMEN Providing education Self employment and Self help groups Providing minimum needs like nutrition, health, sanitation,

housing Other than this, society should change the mentality

towards the word “women”. Encouraging women to develop in their fields they are good

at and make a career.

EMPOWERMENT INDICATORS I- Legal Empowerment Enforcement of legislation related to the protection

of human rights.

Number of cases related to women’s rights heard in local courts, and their results.

Number of cases related to the legal rights of divorced and widowed women heard in local courts and the results.

Increase/decrease in violence against women.

Rate at which the number of local justices/prosecutors/lawyers who are women/men is increasing/decreasing.

II- Political Empowerment % of seats held by women in local councils/decision- making

bodies.

% of women in decision-making positions in local government.

% of women in the local civil service.

% of women/men registered as voters/ % of eligible women/men who vote.

% of women in senior/junior decision making positions within unions.

% of union members who are women/men.

III-Economic Empowerment Changes in employment/unemployment rates of women and men.

Salary/wage differentials between women and men.

Average household expenditure of female/male headed households on education/health.

Ability to make small or large purchases independently.

IV-Social Empowerment Control of women over fertility decisions (e.g. number of children)

Mobility of women within and outside their residential locality, as compared to men.

VISION

To Make Pakistan a country where women enjoy equal rights & respect, the same level of decision making authority and equal mobility and protection under law as their male counter parts.

“EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN NOT JUST A GOAL IN ITSELF, BUT KEY TO ALL GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS”

AIM To promote women’s access to the to the economical,

political and social empowerment at National, Provincial and district levels.

Government of Pakistan is fully sensitive to safeguard women’s rights and is engaged in taking steps to bring a positive change in the lives of ABOUT 80 MILLION Pakistani women and girls in order to accord them a status they deserve, in conformity with the teaching of Islam & the constitution of Islamic republic of PAKISTAN.

Some Best Stories Of Pakistan’s Women Empowerment

Dr. Ruth Pfau

Born: 9th September, 1929 Nationality: German-Pakistani Occupation: Doctor (Fighting leprosy in Pakistan)

ABOUT Dr. Ruth: Member of the society of daughters of the heart of Mary Devoted the last 50 years of her life to fighting leprosy in Pakistan Started with medical treatment for the leprosy patients in a hut in

a slum quarter on McLeod Road, Karachi Collected donations in Germany and Pakistan and cooperated

with hospitals in Rawalpindi and Karachi, Pakistan

Dr. Ruth Pfau(CONT’D)

Awarded Pakistani citizenship in 1988 due to her outstanding contributions

AWARDS AND HONOURS: Civilian award at President’s House on 23rd March, 1989 Hilal-e-Pakistan Nishan-e-Quaid-e-Azam Order of Merit, Germany Ramon Magsaysay Award Doctor of Science, Honoris causa, Aga Khan University, Karachi,

Pakistan

Malala Yousafzai

Born: 12th July, 1997 Nationality: Pakistani Occupation: Student, humanitarian, former blogger for BBC Urdu

ABOUT MALALA: Activist for female education Known mainly for human rights advocacy for education and for

women in her native Swat Valley in the KPK province of Pakistan Went against the local Taliban who at times banned girls from

attending school to provide education to the young girls

Malala Yousafzai (CONT’D)

PUBLIC APPEARENCES: Spoke before the United Nations in July-2013 and met Queen Elizabeth II

in Buckingham Palace Spoke at Harvard University in Sept-2013 Met the US President and his family in Oct-2013 and confronted him on

the use of drone strikes in Pakistan Addressed the Oxford union in Dec-2013 Spoke at the Girl Summit at London, advocating for rights for girls, in

July-2014 Donated $50,000 through the UNRWA to help rebuild 65 schools in Gaza,

in Oct-2014

Malala Yousafzai (CONT’D)

WORKS: Co-wrote a Novel, “I AM MALALA: The story of the girl who stood for

education and was shot by the Taliban”, with British journalist Christina Lamb

AWARDS AND HONOURS: Youngest ever Nobel prize laureate Received the World Children’s Prize for the rights of children in

Mariefred, Sweden National Youth peace price Anne Frank Award for Moral courage Sitara-e-Shujaat, Pakistan’s third highest civilian bravery award

Malala Yousafzai (CONT’D)

Mother Teresa award for social Justice Rome prize for peace and humanitarian action International children’s peace prize, Kids Rights And Many others

Ayesha Farooq

Born: 24th August, 1987 Nationality: Pakistani Occupation: Flight Lieutenant

ABOUT AYESHA: One of the five women who have become pilots in the Pakistan Air

Force First of six female fighter pilots in the force to pass the final

exams to qualify for the battle Flying missions in a Chinese-made F7PG fighter jet Pakistan’s only female war-ready fighter pilot right now

Gulalai Ismail

Born: 1986 Nationality: Pakistani Occupation: Human rights activist and chairperson of Aware Girls

ABOUT GULALAI: Established the organisation Aware Girls in 2002, aiming to challenge

the culture of violence and the oppression of women in the KPK province, Pakistan

Chairing Ismail set up the seeds of peace network, founded in 2010 The network is training young people in human rights and political

leadership and encouraging the participation of women in Politics in Pakistan

Gulalai Ismail(CONT’D)

AWARD AND HONOURS: Youth Action Net fellowship 2013 Democracy award from the National endowment for democracy Acknowledged as one of the 100 leading global thinkers of 2013 by

foreign policy magazine Board member of the women’s global network on reproductive rights

(2010-12) Awarded international humanist of the year by International Humanist

and Ethical Union in Oxford, England

Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy Born: 12 November 1978 Nationality: Pakistani Occupation: journalist, filmmaker and activist.

ABOUT SHARMEEN OBAID: Born and raised in Karachi, She then moved to the United States for higher

studies and graduated from Smith College in 2002. He returned to Pakistan and launched her career as a filmmaker with her first

film Terror's Children for The New York Times. In 2003 and 2004 she made two award-winning films while a graduate student at Stanford University. Her most notable films include Children of the Taliban, The Lost Generation, Afghanistan Unveiled, 3 Bahadur, Song of Lahore and the Academy Award winning Saving Face and A Girl in the River: The Price of Forgiveness.

Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy (CONT’D)

AWARD AND HONOURS: Won Two Academy Awards for the documentaries Saving

Face (2012) and A Girl in the River: The Price of Forgiveness (2015) The Government of Pakistan awarded her with the Hilal-e-Imtiaz The One World Media Award for Broadcast Journalist of the Year

(2007) Won six Emmy Awards, include two International Emmy Awards for

currents affairs documentary First non-American to win the Livingston Award for Young Journalists Won an Oscar for a non-fiction film