Working group 6Applications of Nuclear Science

contributions so far from:

T.Calligaro, M-C.Cantone, M.Cinausero, P.Finocchiaro, R.Golser, H.Homeyer, A.Konings,

W.Kutschera, S.Leray, A.Paans, A.Patelli, T.Pinelli, M.Schippers, K-H.Schmidt, G.Viesti, A.Vomiero,

U.Wahl

Working group 6Applications of Nuclear Science

Apologies for the past – Intention for the future – Included this morning only some examples - Call for help (starting with the

discussion!)

Huge area – interactions with a great number of largely varied disciplines

For several important applications, basis in the Dourdan report

Applications as a means to avoid the “ivory tower effect”

Attraction of young people towards applications – no problem of “who will do the job?”

Applications as a vehicule to increase public appreciation of the achievements of Science

For Nuclear Physics in particular, need to fight against a negative reputation

in the collective imaginary

In this respect, many applications have a high benefit-to-cost ratio. Some examples today

A new Laboratory of nuclear techniques

applied to the Cultural Heritage

in collaboration with

Università degli Studi di Firenze Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche

Sezione di Firenze

Polo Scientifico di Sesto Fiorentino

Nuclear and Subnuclear Physics building – January, 2003

Tandem AcceleratorTerminal voltage: 3 MV

IBA double-source

injector

High-energy AMS spectrometer

IBA/AMS system for the new INFN Laboratory in Florence

Multi-sample AMS injector

IBAbeamlines

IBAbeamlines

(Sez.INFN Firenze, Biblioteca Vaticana, Biblioteca Laurenziana)

Detecting which pigments were employed for the decorations provides important general and/or specific information

External-beam PIXE analysis of the frontispiece of Pl.16,22 – from Biblioteca Laurenziana

PIXE analysis of ancient manuscripts

More or less precious materials symbolic value of the text.

Exchange trade routes with far away regions.

Later-added decorations, or remakes

External-beam PIXE

analysis of the

Madonna dei Fusi by

Leonardo da Vinci

PIXE analysis of paintings

(collaboration with Opificio delle Pietre Dure, Firenze)

External-beam PIXE

analysis of the

Madonna dei Fusi by

Leonardo da Vinci

PIXE analysis of paintings - collaboration with Opificio delle Pietre

Dure, Firenze

Analysis of documents of historical interest

A letter by Galileo during external PIXE analysis at the Florence accelerator

(Sez. INFN FI, Bibl.Naz. FI, MPI Berlin)

PIXE measurements to quantitatively determine ancient inks composition

Important contribution to reconstructing the chronological order of Galileo’s notes on motion

Comparison of ink composition in undated folios to that in dated documents

Analysis of ceramics

KN3000 Accelerator in Florence: PIXE analysis of “Ritratto di

fanciullo” by Luca Della Robbia – before restoration at Opificio delle

Pietre Dure di Firenze

Collaboration Louvre – Opificio Pietre Dure – INFN (Genova, Firenze and Laboratori Nazionali del Sud)

Production techniques of glazes by Della Robbia’s

Characterisation of the production by Andrea, Luca, their sons and imitators

Discriminating chronological trends pointed out

Essential preliminary work to optimise measuring conditions to avoid damage

Portable techniquesPIXE-alpha*, XRF

* A joint patent of CEA – Saclay and INFN – Laboratori del Sud

PIXE– and XRF measurements at Museo Nazionale

del Bargello, Florence

Luca Della RobbiaMadonna della MelaAnalysis of blue glaze by the PIXE– technique (patented by LNS of INFN, Catania, and CEA, Saclay).

in collaboration with INFN sections of Florence and Genoa

PIXE– and XRF measurements at Museo Nazionale

del Bargello, Florence

Luca Della RobbiaMadonna in adorazioneAnalysis of blue glaze by the

PIXE– technique, (patented by LNS of INFN, Catania, and CEA, Saclay).

in collaboration with INFN sections of Florence and Genoa

PIXE– and XRF measurements at Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence

Giovanni Della Robbia, Pietà

Analysis of glaze by portable XRF

(LNS – INFN)

collaboration with INFN sections of Genoa and Florence)

AEROSOLparticles in atmosphere (particulate matter, PM)

having a diameter up to 100 m

Effects on

HEALTH(breathing of pollutants)

ENVIRONMENT(climate, visibility)

Aerosol composition and its time evolution provide information on the pollution source

Streaker sampler

The streaker sampler with

the filters

A filter after one week of streaker sampling

Analysis of the streaks on the filters

• The composition of the deposited aerosol is determined “point by point” by Ion Beam Analysis

• One can thus trace back to the aerosol composition in atmosphere “hour by hour” during the sampling period

• Typical sensistivity for the various detected elements in the order of 1 ng/ m3 or even less

Concentration in air vs time(one hour resolution)

frazione fine (Gramsci)

0.000

0.100

0.200

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0.500

0.600

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C

once

ntra

zion

e ( g

/m3)

Br

Pb

blocco auto

Concentration in air vs time(one hour resolution)

0.000

0.500

1.000

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2.000

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Mer

c. 2

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g/m

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Na

Cl

Concentration in air vs time(one hour resolution)

µg

/m³

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

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23 2 5 8 11

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23 2 5 8 11

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23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

1 marzo 2 marzo 3 marzo 4 marzo 5 marzo 6 marzo 7 marzo

frazione fine

As

µg

/m³

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

1 marzo 2 marzo 3 marzo 4 marzo 5 marzo 6 marzo 7 marzo

frazione fine

Cu

µg

/m³

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

17

20

23 2 5 8 11

14

1 marzo 2 marzo 3 marzo 4 marzo 5 marzo 6 marzo 7 marzo

Na

frazione fine

As

Cu

Na

Perspectives in these fields

Spreading information on the possibilities of our techniques

Strengthening collaborations, opening our facilities to more and more external users

Improvement in the effectiveness of portable techniques capable of providing almost “real-

time” answers to selected problems

New detectors, new electronics, new ideas!