workshop report (pdf, 4.9 mb, en)

59
WORKSHOP Mini-grids: Opportunities for Rural Development in Africa Arusha, Tanzania 5 September 2013 Workshop Report Content Workshop Summary ........................................................................................................... 5 Annex 1 – Workshop Agenda ........................................................................................... 21 Annex 2 – Participant List ................................................................................................ 23 Annex 3 – Presentations and Case Studies .................................................................... 26

Upload: vanthu

Post on 14-Feb-2017

256 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

WORKSHOP

Mini-grids: Opportunities for Rural Development in Africa

Arusha, Tanzania

5 September 2013

Workshop Report

Content

Workshop Summary ........................................................................................................... 5�

Annex 1 – Workshop Agenda ........................................................................................... 21�

Annex 2 – Participant List ................................................................................................ 23�

Annex 3 – Presentations and Case Studies .................................................................... 26�

Page 2: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

2

Workshop Organization

Inviting Organisation:

EU Energy Initiative

Partnership Dialogue Facility (EUEI PDF)

PO Box 5180 65726 Eschborn Germany

http://www.euei-pdf.org

Contact:

Niklas Hayek

T +49 61 96 79-4101

[email protected]

Event Organisation:

WIP Renewable Energies

Sylvensteinstr. 2

81369 Munich

Germany

www.wip-munich.de

Contact:

Dominik Rutz, Rainer Janssen, Cosette Khawaja, Rita Mergner

+49-8972012(739/743/740/731)

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

The presentations held at this workshop are available at the website: http://www.euei-pdf.org/dialogue-events/recp-workshop-on-mini-grids

Page 3: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

3

Workshop background

Today, the African continent faces urgent energy challenges that have a direct impact on

utilising its full potential for development. Contemporary energy challenges comprise the

widespread existence of isolated, expensive, highly-subsidised fossil-fuel based mini-grids

on the continent, very low grid connection rates, the often low levels of electricity demand

from households, the high costs associated with grid extension, the lack of reliable,

centralised generation capacity and increasing levels of densification as a result of on-going

urbanisation. In this context, renewable energy- and hybrid-based mini-grids both provide a

practical and efficient energy access solution to Africa’s pressing energy challenges given

the continent’s abundance of renewable energy resources. The use of renewable energy

technologies can also yield significant fossil fuel savings as well as increased price stability

through the hybridisation of existing systems.

A ‘mini-grid’ is an isolated, low-voltage distribution grid, providing electricity to a community –

typically a village or very small town. It is normally supplied by one source of electricity, e.g.

diesel generators, a solar PV installation, a micro-hydro station etc., or a combination of the

above.

Renewable and hybrid energy mini-grids hold significant potential for the African energy

sector for increasing energy access and by enabling the increased use of renewable energy

on the continent with its benefits for local employment and economic development. Mini-

grids provide technically and increasingly economically viable and modern energy solutions

in off-grid areas, and the hybridization of existing fossil-fuel based mini-grids can result in

substantial savings – not only for consumers, but also for governments and parastatal

utilities.

This workshop is an initiative of the Africa-EU Renewable Energy Cooperation Programme

(RECP), the Rural Energy Agency (REA) Tanzania, and the European Union Energy

Initiative - Partnership Dialogue Facility (EUEI PDF) on the occasion of the Workshop ‘Low

cost on-grid electrification technologies’ in Arusha, 3-4 May 2013.

The RECP forms part of the Africa-EU Energy Partnership (AEEP), which is a long-term

framework for structured political dialogue and cooperation between Africa and the EU on

energy issues of strategic importance, reflecting African and European needs. The RECP

was established to accelerate the use of the vast potential for renewable energy in Africa,

meet future energy needs and increase access to modern and sustainable energy services

Page 4: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

4

on the continent. The RECP Start-up Phase is implemented jointly by the EUEI PDF and the

Agence Française de Développement (AFD).

Workshop aims

Main workshop aims included:

- Share knowledge and experience on mini-grid technologies for applications in Africa

- Discuss critical success factors for mini-grid implementation in Africa

- Discuss recommendations and tools to improve the policy and regulatory framework

for mini-grids

- Share knowledge and experience on best practice mini-grid applications

- Elaborate successful project development processes and operation models for mini-

grids

The target group of this workshop comprised:

- Senior decision-makers in public authorities engaged in energy sector planning

- Senior technical staff and energy sector practitioners in public authorities (ministries,

regulators, rural electrification agencies, energy utilities)

- Energy advisors, energy regulators, electrification engineers, and officials from

relevant standards authorities

- Private sectorproject developers

- Local renewable energy business associations

- Civil society groups

- International and local NGOs

- Development partners

Page 5: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

5

Workshop Summary

Opening remarks

The Workshop on Opportunities for Rural Development in Africa was officially opened by

Gissima Nyamo-Hanga, Rural Energy Agency in Tanzania. He honoured the presence of

Representatives from the Ministry of Energy and Minerals of the United Republic of

Tanzania, Michael Franz and Niklas Hayek from the EUEI PDF, representatives from the

World Bank, the Norwegian Embassy and Norad in Tanzania, as well as representatives

from the AEI and representatives from the Tanzania Renewable Energy Association

(TAREA). The presence of Prof. Franesco Iliceto, Prof. Emeritus from La Sapienza

University Italy, Prof. Izael Pereira Da Silva from Strathmore University, and Mark Hankins

from Africa Solar Energy Designs Nairobi was highly appreciated.

Gissima Nyamo-Hanga, Rural Energy Agency of Tanzania

Gissima Nyamo-Hanga commenced that the Government of Tanzania already recognized

the importance of the energy sector in overall national development programmes. Its

Electricity Act of 2008 opened up the electricity markets in the country allowing private sector

participation in provision of energy services to its citizens. The Energy Policy of 2003 which

is currently under review encourages the increased use of renewable energy in the total

Page 6: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

6

national energy mix. In Tanzania, the success of the National Development Vision 2025, the

Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (NGSRP), the Millennium Development Goals

(MDGs) and other national development strategies and priorities rely also on the success of

the energy sector.

However, as Gissima Nyamo-Hanga pointed out, despite all the efforts made by the

Government of Tanzania to improve the domestic energy situation, the overall electricity

access for both urban and rural populations is still extremely low. This holds true for many

other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa as well where low electrification rates often do not

match rapid population expansion. The overall electrification rate in Tanzania is 21%,

whereas the electrification rate in rural areas is only 7%. This rate is a very small especially

when one considers that almost 75% of our population lives in rural areas and that the

economy relies heavily on the agricultural activities undertaken by this segment of the

population.

The REA of Tanzania aims at promoting and facilitating increased access to modern energy

services for people living in rural areas by providing grants, subsidies, capacity building and

training, information and technical assistance to public and private rural energy

entrepreneurs and project developers. REA seeks to provide support to develop lacking

renewable energy, geothermal, biofuel and biomass energy policies. This workshop shall

define the role that energy can play in bringing about enhanced economic and social

development for rural areas in Africa. The key message is to determine variables that are

responsible for bringing development in rural areas and see how energy intervention

programmes proposed by African countries can moderate and modify those variables for the

purpose of accelerating the pace of rural development.

Gissima Nyamo-Hanga finalised his opening speech by mentioning that mini-grids have

potentials to supply electricity to many un-electrified rural villages and small towns in Sub-

Saharan Africa. What is still lacking is to find turnkey solutions against barriers, such as

financing, awareness raising, supportive policy frameworks, technical skills and knowledge.

Page 7: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

7

Keynote Speech: Mini-grids – An overview

The keynote presentation of the workshop was presented by Prof. Izael Pereira Da Silva

from Strathmore University. Prof. Da Silva provided an overview on the development

progress of mini-gridsin Kenya.

Kenya’s power supply consists of the national interconnected system and several mini-grids

serving areas located far from the national grid system. Registered national peak demand is

1,334 MW. The national electrification rate has reached only 30%, and is expected to rise to

65% by 2022. Currently, there are 14 existing off-grid diesel power stations. Hydro-power is

a non-reliable source in Kenya due to its dependence on the variable precipitation index.

Geothermal energy, co-generation and wind are all sources which need to be further

developed in Kenya.

Prof. Izael Pereira Da Silva, Strathmore University, Kenya

In 2003, the Government of Kenya embarked on an ambitious sector development plan and

institutional reform, particularly in the field of rural electrification and the promotion of use of

renewable energy. These first attempts have led to the rapid expansion of grid supply to

rural areas, supply of electricity to public institutions, introduction of renewable energy mini-

Page 8: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

8

grids and setting up of new mini-grids. Currently, there are ten working mini-grids in Kenya

and the Rural Electrification Authority (REA) is constructing additional 15 mini-grid stations.

44 new mini-grid stations are planned.

Prof. Da Silva concluded that despite immense social, economic and environmental benefits

which stem from green mini-grids, there is a lack of available investments. In addition, a

supportive policy framework plays an important role for the development of mini-grids in the

country.

Welcome by the organizer

Michael Franz, EUEI-PDF, warmly welcomed all participants of the workshop and

commended the speakers for contributing with their knowledge to this workshop.

He introduced the EUEI PDF as an instrument of the EU Energy Initiative, initiated in 2005

by EU Member States and the European Commission. The EUEI PDF is hosted by the

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ). The main objectives of the

EUEI PDF are to improve the policy and regulatory environment for private investments as

well as to enhance the institutional and thematic capacities for effective partner structures.

Michael Franz, EUEI PDF

Page 9: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

9

Michael Franz further introduced the RECP that was launched in 2010 at the First High-

Level Meeting of the Africa-EU Energy Partnership (AEEP). In 2012, the RECP Strategy

2020 was adopted which presents an innovative way forward for an accelerated use of

renewable energy in Africa.

The Mini-grid Policy Toolkit is a joint initiative of REN21, Alliance for Rural Electrification

(ARE) and EUEI PDF under the RECP. The overall objective is present essential information

about mini-grid applicability and requirements as well as to provide hands-on

recommendations and tools for policymakers in terms of mini-grid policy and regulatory

frameworks. The toolkit is planned to be launched in October 2013.

Expert presentations

Mark Hankins, African Solar Designs, Kenya, presented the Mini-grid Policy Toolkit.

According to Mark Hankins, green mini-grids can stimulate rural productivity and renewable

energy development. However, green mini-grid options have struggled to expand beyond

pilot projects and are off-track to make a meaningful contribution to sustainable energy. This

is due to the following barriers: policy does not readily consider mini-grids; mini-grids are not

profitable in absence of a conducive regulatory environment; and lack of experience with

mini-grids deters policy makers and investors.

Mark Hankins, African Solar Designs, Kenya

Page 10: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

10

Therefore, the goal of the Mini-grids Policy Toolkit is to increase the awareness of mini-grids

potential among targeted practitioner and policy-making stakeholders, to present lessons

learned and to provide recommendations for senior policy-makers and advisors.

Mr. Hankins presented different technologies for mini-grids: diesel mini-grids, hydro mini-

grids, biomass fired mini-grids, AC-coupled inverter mini-grids. He emphasized that there is

a need to link available technologies, business models and policy and regulatory

frameworks.

There is no ‘best’ mini-grid business model, as it depends a lot on the context. The following

mini-grid business models were presented: private sector (anchor load, free market and with

regulatory framework), utility lead mini-grids, community lead mini-grids and hybrid mini-

grids (e.g. public-private partnerships).

Suitable mini-grids policies, according to Mr. Hankins, should set-up the ‘Rules of the Road’

for mini-grid implementation, ensure the Public Good, instil confidence as well as provide

incentives and support instruments for project development. The regulatory environment for

mini-grids business models should be defined in different phases of policy development:

strategic level (national strategy), legislation level (act of Parliament) and implementation

level (specific regulations, incentives). In addition, general regulations (technical standards,

licences etc.) are necessary.

Based on experiences of an introduced example from Senegal, it is crucial to gain

government commitment to electrify rural areas, put in place an attractive and secure

regulatory environment, and thus win acceptance of mini-grids model and ensure support for

private sector led approach.

Simbarashe E. Mangwengwende, Economic Consulting Associates, Zimbabwe,

presented a topic on Regulations for mini-grids in the SADC region.

The SADC mini-grids project aims at developing mini-grid policy and regulatory tools to

facilitate increased electricity access and investment in renewable energy in the SADC

Region. The project is supported by the EUEI PDF under the RECP, together with the SADC

Secretariat. Mr. Mangwengwende defined a mini-grid in more detail as a small-scale

distribution network that can operate as an isolated system or with clearly defined physical

and electrical boundaries when connected to the main grid. Mini-grids are classified as

following: very small scale projects (no tariff regulation; <1 MW), small scale projects (light

handed regulation; <10 MW) and large projects (standard regulation; >10 MW).

He further indicated that stimulating the regulatory framework is important to attract

investments for mini-grids. Focus areas for the recommended policy and regulatory options

Page 11: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

11

are: role clarity and transparency, knowledge of market needs and demand, technology

choice and technical regulation as well as ownership funding and economic regulation.

Simbarashe E. Mangwengwende, Economic Consulting Associates, Zimbabwe

Mr. Mangwengwende stressed the need for mini-grid customers to have safe, reliable and

secure electricity rather than feed-in tariffs. Policy makers should be guided by the following

framework to attract investment for mini-grids: planning and development process guidelines

(sets out steps that policy makers should follow to guide project developers), guidelines for

assessing market needs and demand (guides policy makers to assess the extent to which

mini-grids can fulfil energy demand), technology choice and technical regulation (principles

for regulation of mini-grids and solutions for technical operation of mini-grids), ownership,

funding and economic regulation (recommended arrangements).

Page 12: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

12

Round Table 1: Policy Roundtable

Policy and regulatory aspects for mini-grid applications

Roundtable Panellists:

Prof. Izael da Silva, Strathmore University, Kenya

Simbarashe E. Mangwengwende, Independent Consultant, Zimbabwe

Benon Bena, Rural Electrification Agency, Uganda

Mark Hankins, African Solar Designs, Kenya.

Moderation:

Michael Franz, EUEI PDF

Roundtable discussion

Based on the experiences of the several speakers, policy frameworks are a critical factor for

the success of mini-grid implementation in Africa. The aim of the Policy Roundtable was to

exchange ideas on different mini-grid models from a regulatory point of view. The following

observations and recommendations were defined during the discussion.

Observations

- Mini-grids include several benefits for the end-user: health, safety, and economic

aspects.

- The technologies are available - the core challenges are sound business models and

regulatory frameworks responding to the needs of business models and thus creating

an attractive and enabling environment.

- The technology is mature, but costs are often high, especially for mini-grids.

Page 13: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

13

- There is no best practice business model for mini-grids as the model has to be

adapted to local conditions and needs.

- The policy framework requires strong commitment and continuous build-up.

- The question of grid connection needs to be resolved in order to avoid uncertainty on

the investor or project promoter side.

- Public agencies can and should implement capacity development.

- Information needs to be spread also to ministries and other relevant government

authorities.

Recommendations

- Different business models for mini-grids should be allowed and the right regulation for

each model needs to be put in place.

- Roles of the actors involved in mini-grid development must be clearly defined.

- Cultural differences need to be considered for project implementation.

- Projects are only feasible if the connected people (from communities) are willing to

pay for electricity.

- The main focus shall be placed on the electricity supply for commercial activities

(productive use).

- ‘Localisation’ is important (local equipment, simplicity, funding, capacity).

- Information on natural resources is needed in order to help to define and evaluate

projects.

- Standards for safety and quality are necessary.

- The regulatory framework needs to provide clear and fair rules for future grid

connection of mini-grids.

- Focus on the electricity supply for commercial activities (productive use) as ‘anchor

customers’ can greatly improve economic viability.

- Regulation should be as simple and ‘light handed’ as possible.

- Community participation is important in order to ensure sustainability of mini-grid

projects.

- Projects should be ‘income generating’ and profitable.

Page 14: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

14

Leonard Pesambili, TATEDO, Tanzania, presented Small-scale mini-grids powered by

Jatropha.

Leonard Pesambili, TATEDO, Tanzania

Mr. Pesambili indicated that supportive policies and guidelines from authorities such as the

Ministry of Energy and Minerals (MEM), the Rural Energy Agency (REA) and Energy and

Water Utilities Regulatory Authority (EWURA) are available. Tanzania is a unique country in

having a history of diesel generators and hydro mini-grids involving governments, religious

missionaries such as the Roman Catholic Church (RCC), NGOs (e.g. TATEDO), and local

cooperatives. There are many on-going efforts to connect mini-grids to the national grid

system within 10 -15 years which could be powered by solar PV, thermal plants, mini-hydro,

internal combustion engines powered by Straight Vegetable Oil (SVO) and fossil diesel

systems.

Lessons learned in pilot projects led to the development of a programme supported by the

EU and Hivos (Scaling up Access to Integrated Modern Energy Services for Poverty

Reduction in Tanzania). Criteria for selecting the project site should include, as Mr.

Pesambili specified, accessibility, existence of rural towns away from the grid, energy needs,

Page 15: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

15

willingness and ability to pay of the community. At present about 16 out of 50 Multifunctional

Platforms (MFPs) have been installed and are operational. More than 400 households have

been connected to the mini-grids powered by MFPs (partly fuelled by Jatropha oil and

diesel). About 200 business centres in rural communities are powered by electricity from

MFPs. MFPs provide services such as agro-processing dehusking, milling or pressing

seeds for oil production, battery charging and mini-grids.

TATEDO has gained significant experiences in developing mini-grids and related, supportive

institutional frameworks. Lessons learned from projects include: established institutional

frameworks at local level should be supportive; acceptability of MFP concept; opportunities

to replicate in other areas; local pricing of electricity services is crucial; need of strengthening

capacity in order to construct mini-grids. Mr. Pesambili concluded that mini-grids have the

potential to address rural communities’ electricity needs and contribute to rural economic

growth. For that to happen, partnerships among actors in mini-grid initiatives and

management are essential.

Dan Klinck, SOGEMR, Rwanda, presented Mini-grids powered by mini-hydro plants in

Rwanda.

The Musarara mini-hydro power plant was introduced as a case study. The installed capacity

of the power plant is 438 kW. The construction took 5 years due to delays in funding.

Lessons learned from the project include: private plants perform better than public plants

(including community-run plants); grid-connected plants are easier to become viable and

sustainable than isolated ones; and conducive regulatory frameworks lead to greater private

sector contributions to both power supply and distribution.

Dan Klinck highlighted Rwanda’s friendly environment to micro-hydro and mini-grids

projects. It has a strong regulatory framework as well as strong private sector interest. Over

20 existing micro-hydro plants in Rwanda will be privatized. In addition, off-grid connections

are planned for 52% of the total households in Rwanda (mainly solar PV and hydro power).

He continued that in order to speed up the development of mini-grids in Africa, it is important

to have a greater dialogue between private and public sectors and learn from success

stories in other countries such as China, Vietnam or Nepal. In addition, it is important to

implement private-led projects as they are more financially feasible. Finally, success stories

should be replicated and disseminated to different stakeholders.

Page 16: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

16

Dan Klinck, SOGEMR, Rwanda

Success factors for developing a micro-hydro or mini-hydro power project include a

financially viable business plan and a robust technical plan. It is important that the policy

environment is supportive for and favourable to such projects. Plant ownership

arrangements and technical and management skills are also one of the key factors for a

successful project.

Wiebke Krüger, Juwi, Germany, introduced Success factors for mini-grid project

development.

Different off-grid power solutions using solar systems were introduced: solar fuel saver, solar

pumping, energy containers, hybrid solar systems etc. The technical design has to follow the

local demand and the given resources at the specific site. The operator has to have a long-

term interest and should be involved in the planning phase in order to understand technical

issues.

According to Ms. Krüger, mini-grids project development is aimed either at own consumption

of energy or energy production as business and investment object. Success factors are

willingness and contribution to projects at community level (application for electrification,

committees, land); energy audit and energy efficiency measures; knowledge base for

Page 17: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

17

renewable energy resources (wind map, hydro); and streamlining of information. In addition,

a well elaborated business plan with lucrative returns of investment is crucial for the project

success.

Wiebke Krüger, JUWI, Germany

Debajit Palit, TERI, India, introduced Lessons learned on mini-grids projects in India.

Policies for mini-grids in India were developed over 2001-2009. In 2001, the Rural Electricity

Supply Technology Mission (REST Mission) acknowledged the role mini-grids can play in

rural development. The National Electricity Act followed in 2003 which defined universal

service obligation for electricity production by both central and state governments. In 2005,

the Rural Electrification Policy was issued and since then decentralized distributed

generation has to be considered where grid extension is not feasible. The 2009 National

Solar Mission defined the goal of 1,000 MW installed capacity by 2017 and 2,000 MW by

2022 for off-grid capacity.

In India mini-grids are mostly cooperative models meaning that the community is involved

from the planning stage. There are around 5,000 villages covered through multiple

technology mini-grids. In India, mini-grids are electricity distribution networks operating

typically below 11 kW.

Page 18: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

18

Technically, mini-grids have been preferred in many cases for remote areas over other

options. Organisationally, managing mini-grids is easier compared to individual systems due

to their centralised operation through a proper institutional arrangement.

Debajit Palit, TERI, India

Round Table 2: Project Development Roundtable

Challenges and solutions for mini-grid implementation in Africa

Roundtable Panellists:

Leonard Pesambili, TATEDO, Tanzania

Gissima Nyamo-Hanga, Rural Energy Agency (REA), Tanzania

Dan Klinck, SOGEMR, Rwanda

Debajit Palit, TERI, India

Wiebke Krüger, Juwi, Germany.

Moderation:

Dominik Rutz, WIP Renewable Energies, Germany

Niklas Hayek, EUEI PDF

Page 19: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

19

Roundtable discussion

The aim of the Project Development Roundtable was to discuss the factors that are crucial

for successful implementation of mini-grid projects. The following factors were discussed:

identification of a suitable project, planning of operation model, financing issues, as well as

construction and operation.

Observations

- ‘Failures’ in terms of past mini-grids are not failures in a narrow sense because they

are the foundation of successful mini-grid solutions in the future.

- Electrification does not automatically imply rural development; energy is one part of

the puzzle.

- The interests of other stakeholders, including the preferences of politicians, need to

be considered.

- Missing elements in the value chains are problematic, in particular with a view to

spare parts. Thus value chains need to be localized where possible.

- Financial support is still needed in order to attract project developers along with

suitable legal and regulatory framework conditions as well as a good investment

climate.

Recommendations

- Project development is a highly localized business and needs to have strong local

structures and partners.

- Community involvement is crucial for the sustainability of the project, with regards to

maintenance, but also ownership and willingness to pay and protect the investment.

Page 20: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

20

- Project operation and management must be considered from the beginning of the

project.

- Project developers can be provided with technical support by authorities or partners,

through staff or consultants.

- Especially small mini-grids with standardized and highly simplified technical design

and equipment can greatly help in terms of maintenance and reliability.

- Community involvement can also include maintenance, which should be done at

different and standardized levels of complexity and skills.

Page 21: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

21

Annex 1 – Workshop Agenda

Thursday, 5 September 2013

8:30 Registration�

9:00 Welcome and opening remarks: Policies on rural electrification in Tanzania

GISSIMA NYAMO-HANGA, RURAL ENERGY AGENCY, TANZANIA�

CHAIR: NIKLAS HAYEK, EUEI PDF, GERMANY�

9:15 Keynote presentation: Mini-grids – An overview

IZAEL DA SILVA, STRATHMORE UNIVERSITY, KENYA �

9:30 Welcome by the organiser

MICHAEL FRANZ, EUEI PDF, BELGIUM�

09:45 The mini-grid policy toolkit

MARK HANKINS, AFRICAN SOLAR DESIGNS, KENYA�

10:45 Coffee break�

11:00 Regulation for mini-grids in the SADC Region

SIMBARASHE E. MANGWENGWENDE, INDEPENDENT CONSULTANT, SIMBABWE�

CHAIR: MICHAEL FRANZ, EUEI PDF, BELGIUM�

11:20 Policy Roundtable

Policy and regulatory aspects for mini-grid applications

PANELLISTS:

- IZAEL DA SILVA, STRATHMORE UNIVERSITY, KENYA

- SIMBARASHE E. MANGWENGWENDE, INDEPENDENT CONSULTANT, ZIMBABWE

- BENON BENA, RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AGENCY, UGANDA

- MARK HANKINS, AFRICAN SOLAR DESIGNS, KENYA�

13:00 Lunch break�

14:00 Small-scale mini-grids powered by Jatropha

LEONARD PESAMBILI, TATEDO, TANZANIA�

CHAIR: DOMINIK RUTZ, WIP

RENEWABLE ENERGIES, GERMANY�

14:15 Mini-grids powered by mini-hydro plants in Rwanda

DAN KLINCK, SOGEMR, RWANDA �

14:30 Success factors for mini-grid project development

WIEBKE KRÜGER, JUWI, GERMANY�

14:45 Lessons learned on mini-grid projects in India

DEBAJIT PALIT, TERI, INDIA�

15:00 Coffee break��

Page 22: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

22

15:15 Project Development Roundtable

Challenges and solutions for mini-grid implementation in Africa

PANELLISTS:

- LEONARD PESAMBILI, TATEDO, TANZANIA

- GISSIMA NYAMO-HANGA, RURAL ENERGY AGENCY, TANZANIA (TBC)

- DAN KLINCK, SOGEMR, RWANDA

- DEBAJIT PALIT, TERI, INDIA

- WIEBKE KRÜGER, JUWI, GERMANY��

CHAIRS: DOMINIK RUTZ, WIP

RENEWABLE ENERGIES, GERMANY

NIKLAS HAYEK, EUEI PDF, GERMANY�

17:00 Summary and conclusions of the workshop

GISSIMA NYAMO-HANGA, RURAL ENERGY AGENCY, TANZANIA

MICHAEL FRANZ, EUEI PDF, GERMANY�

17:15 Closure of the Workshop� �

Page 23: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

23

Annex 2 – Participant List

No. Last name First name Country Organisation

1. Abdulaziz Aisha Kenya KEREA

2. Adam Tim Germany TAREA

3. Assenga Felister Donald Tanzania Davis & Shirtliff co. Ltd

4. Bakkabulindi Geofrey Uganda Makenene University

5. Bassini Laura Tanzania Istituto-Oikos

6. Bena Benon Uganda Rural Electrification Agency

7. Black Ian Kenya KSB pumps and valves

8. Byempaka Turyahabwe

Elsam Kenya EAC

9. Cogan Davinia USA GVEP International

10. Curtis Telia Tanzania EGG-energy Tanzania Limited

11. da Silva Izael Kenya Strathmore University

12. Dawson Eliguard Tanzania

The African Enterprise Challenge Fund

13. De Nicola Dario Tanzania CEFA Onlus

14. Desiderato Audrey USA SunFunder

15. Doyle Molly USA GVEP International

16. Elsworth Jim Tanzania Twende

17. Fraatz Jasmin Uganda GIZ Uganda

18. Franz Michael Belgium EUEI PDF

19. Gevaert Jan Tanzania ECO Carbone Tanzania

20. Goanue Augustus Liberia

Rural Renewable Energy Agency (RERA)

21. Goehringer Veit Uganda GIZ

22. Hameer Sameer Tanzania Nelson Mandela African Institute

of Science and Technology

23. Hankins Mark Kenya African Solar Designs

24. Hasselsten Jenny Maria USA World Bank Group

25. Hayek Niklas Germany EUEI PDF

26. Hendriksen Gerard Tanzania Consultant RE

27. Holmes John Germany EASAC

28. Iliceto Francesco Italy University of Rome La Sapienza

29. Jones Clive Tanzania Power Providers Company Ltd

30. Karhammar Ralph Ake Australia Consultant

31. Kazungu Jules Rwanda RCID

Page 24: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

24

32. Khawaja Cosette Germany WIP Renewable Energies

33. Kinuthia Peter Tanzania EAC

34. Kinyangi Kevin Kinusu Kenya Hivos East Africa

35. Klinck Dan Rwanda SOGEMR

36. Kruger Wiebke Germany JUWI

37. Kupaza Ramadhani Tanzania Oikos East Africa

38. Laustsen Bjarne Tanzania Kiwia & Laustsen Limited

39. Lemondzhava Tatia USA World Bank Group

40. Lukuba Renatus Tanzania Sustainable in development issues-SDI

41. Mangwengwende Simbarashe Zimbabwe Economic Consulting Associates

42. Matasane Clement Lesotho MCM Research and Consultancy Services Company

43. Meltikor Urbanus Tanzania Arusha Technical College

44. Mergner Rita Germany WIP Renewable Energies

45. Mikate Hamisi Tanzania ENSOL Limited

46. Morganti Nicola Tanzania ACRA Tanzania

47. Mugarula Lydia Tanzania Tanzania Portland cement co ltd

48. Multhaup Bernd Germany GIZ

49. Murithii Benson Kenya Kenya Power and lighting

50. Murunga Jacinta Kenya GIZ

51. Musa Mzumbe Tanzania RESCO (T) Ltd

52. Musunda Nason Zambia Rural Electrification Authority

53. Mwangi Haroun Kenya Kenya Power and lighting

54. Ngowi Epaphra Tanzania TAREA North

55. Nyamo-Hanga Gissima Tanzania Rural Energy Agency

56. Nyanzikubo Joseph Uganda Power networks Ltd

57. Othman Ramadan Tanzania Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources

58. Otto Simon Germany TAREA

59. Palit Debajit India TERI

60. Peloetletse Steven Botswana Rural Electrification Agency

61. Pendezza Jacopo Tanzania CEFA Onlus

62. Pesambili Leonard Tanzania TATEDO

63. Ratnayake Chrisanta USA Individual consultant

64. Richard Thomas Tanzania Power Providers Company Ltd

65. Rutz Dominik Germany WIP Renewable Energies

Page 25: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

25

66. Silavwe Suzyo Zambia Provincial Rural Electrification

67. Turpeinen Mika Finland ABB Ltd

68. Uwayezu Flavia Uganda Rural Electrification Agency

69. Washija Robert Tanzania Kiwia & Laustsen Ltd

70. Wasiwasi Mgonzo Tanzania Nelson Mandela African Institute

of Science and Technology

71. Werring Fredrik Berglien Tanzania Norwegian Embassy

72. Yusuf Harold Tanzania Women plus association

Page 26: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

Workshop on Mini-grids Summary Report

26

Annex 3 – Presentations and case studies Prof. Izael da Silva - Keynote presentation: Mini-grids – An overview

Michael Franz - Welcome presentation

Mark Hankins - The mini-grid policy toolkit

Simbarashe E. Mangwengwende - Regulation for mini-grids in the SADC Region

Leonard Pesambili - Small scale mini-grids powered by Jatropha

Dan Klinck - Mini-grids powered by mini-hydro plants in Rwanda

Wiebke Krüger - Success factors for mini-grid project development

Debajit Palit - Lessons learned on mini-grid projects in India

Page 27: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

���������A�BCBDEF�B��A��A�B���

����������AE������������A���A���� A��!� ��"���A��A����#�

��� ��������ABCDE

��������AB��CD�EDC�F

� ���$�%�A��&��A���� $A#�������A��A�'�A������� A

�����#����#���A�$���"A���A��!��� A"����(����A���!��(A

�����A �#����A���A���"A�'�A������� A(���)A

� ��(�������AA������� A���*A��"���A��A+,,-�.)A

� /������ $0A�'���A���A+-A�1�����(A����(���A����� A��&��A

��������A

� ������� A� �#�����#�����A����A��A,230A���A��A����A��A453A6$A

72770A���A���#'A���!���� A�##���A6$A72,2

89,2972+, ����������AE������������A���A���� A��!� ��"���A��A����#� 7

���$�A����($A"�1

-:3

,:3

+-3

7323

�F���B�������������

;$���A<=+7>

�'��"� A<4-4>

����'��"� A<757>

/�����A<74>

.���A<5>

89,2972+, ����������AE������������A���A���� A��!� ��"���A��A����#� ,

;$���A��A�A������ ��6 �A����#�A��A��A�������A��A���#���������A����1)A�'��"� A

��A���A������(�#A���A��A��� A#���A!��������)A����'��"� 0A/��(��A���A.���A���A

����#��A&'�#'A#��A6�A��!� ����A"�#'A"���)

���EA��A��D�C�C�EDC�F

• ��A722,0A�'�A��!���"���A�"6��*��A��A��A�"6������A��#���A��!� ��"���A� ��A���A������������ A�����"0A�����#� �� $A��A�'�A��� �A��A���� A� �#�����#�����A���A���"�����A��A���A��A����&�6 �A����($)A

• �'��A���(��"A'��A ��A��A�����A�1�������A��A(���A���� $A��A�'�A���� A�����0A���� $A��A� �#���#��$A��A��6 �#A������������0A�������#����A��A����&�6 �A����($A��A!������A"����(����A���A������(A��A��A��&A"����(����)A

• ���� AB �#�����#�����A���'����$<�B�>A��A#������ $A#������#���(A+5A��������)

89,2972+, ����������AE������������A���A���� A��!� ��"���A��A����#� -

;$6���A�����(����

� � ��A���A.���A����($A������#�A�� ��A�!�� �6 �

� � ��A������#�A����"����A��A-�4A*.'9"?9��$)A

� .���A����($A������A��A�!��A4"9�A��A"��$A�����A��A�'�A#�����$)A

� /������ $0A��A������������ A#���� ����A'��A6���A��(�(��A��A�������*�A�'�A&���A����A��� $���0A��������6� ��$A�������A���A&���A��!� ��"���A������#���

� �A���� A��A85A&���A"����A���A����A �((���A��A'�('A�������� A�����A'�!�A6���A����� ��)A

89,2972+, ����������AE������������A���A���� A��!� ��"���A��A����#� 5 �

����EACF��������CF���C�DCF���CFC���C��

�� �DEDC�F!C���A�"F�DEAA���#EE�CDB��$��

"F�DEAA�����AE���%�#EE�CDB��$��

����������AE���%��EE�CDB��$��

"F�DEAA����CF��#EE�CDB��$��

���������CF���EE�CDB��$��

+ .�@�� +0:-4 2 =22 2 ,22

7 ������� +0422 ,22 722 2 2

, �����6�� 542 2 2 522 2

- D��&�� +0--2 42 752 2 2

5 ;� � =22 42 +22 2 2

4 ����� +7= +2 +22 2 +22

: ;�6��&��� ,42 ,2 +22 52 +22

= B &�* ,42 52 +22 2 2

8 A���(�� +7= 2 +22 2 +22

+2 ����(��� 5=- 2 +52 2 2

���� :0:24 5+2 +0822 552 422

89,2972+, ����������AE������������A���A���� A��!� ��"���A��A����#� 4

Page 28: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

���������EE�CDC��������DEDC�F���F������F�D���DC�F

89,2972+, ����������AE������������A���A���� A��!� ��"���A��A����#� :

�E) ����E���BBDA����DDB�A

/�F�/���A<*.>

F�EFEB�A������E��DAFCA

ED��A/�F�/���A<*.>

F�EFEB�A������E��DA

.���A/�F�/���A<*.>

+ D����"�� +=- +52 2

7 �'�"� +=- +52 2

, B ��� +=- +52 2

- ��*�6� +=- +52 2

5 ����'A;��� +=- +22 +22

4 ����(� +=- +52 2

: ;� �('� +=- +52 2

= B�C� ,42 +22 +22

8 D�*��� +=- +52 2

+2 D�*�����( +=- +52 2

++ D�*�#'�((�� 4-2 +52 2

+7 �����6 4-2 +22 +22

+, A����� 4-2 +22 +22

+- D�*����"� 4-2 +52 2

+5 ���*��� 4-2 +22 +22

&'&()�#(�(#"&*��$�� +,-./ -,000 +00

�����AB�� �A����A��A���$�

89,2972+, ����������AE������������A���A���� A��!� ��"���A��A����#� =

����������0A���!�$��A���A

��#�"�����A��������� A--A

(����A��� �A�����

���*���0A�����6��A���A�"6���A�����

89,2972+, ����������AE������������A���A���� A��!� ��"���A��A����#� 8 �

��!���"���A��A����

• ���� A����"����A#���

– �����������(A�1�����(<+2>� ��1�-+��CAAC�F

– �����������(A��������A�����A#�����)<+5>� ��1�.2 /

– �����A��� ��A<-->� ��1�.34 2��CAAC�F

• /���#�����AA���A��#'A6��&���A,22�+222*.A���A

(����A��� ��)AB�#'A���!��(A6��&���A522A���A

+50222A'����'� ��

89,2972+, ����������AE������������A���A���� A��!� ��"���A��A����#� +2

5CFEF�CEA�6CE7CACDB����8�8��

� �FCA���A���AA���A������!�A0�'��A"�*��(A��# �����A��A����&�6 �A����($A����A

�'�A"����(���A���A�'�A�����A����������A�����#��!�)A

� �'�A���A��#������A&��'A��#������A�'���A��A�'�A�� ��A����($A(���������A0A

�'��A#� ��(A���A���A"�1�"�C�����)

� �'�A������A����#����A��A���$�A��A��#'A�'��A(���������A��� A#���A��A������A

�'���('A������ $A��A� A� �#���#��$A#����"���A��A�'�A#�����$)A

� ;��#�0A�'�A'$6����������A��A�'��"� A��������A'��A����#��AA�'�A����������A��A

��� A#���A�'��A��A����#�����A&��'A����(���A��������)

� �""����A��#�� 0A�#���"�#� A���A��!����"���� A6�������

89,2972+, ����������AE������������A���A���� A��!� ��"���A��A����#� ++ �

E �A��(� � ����0A������*� B�����)AFEAA�1A58=5:�227220A�����6�0A���$�

�� DA<E75->A<2>:2,A2,-22297229,22A AB�1ADAE75-A<2>72A42:-8=A

B"�� DA����F�����'"���)���AA.�6����DA&&&)�����'"���)���A

Page 29: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

1

��������ABCDCE�F�CA�DC���A

����C�����DA��������CA�B����A�A��C ��D�����

������ ���� ��

!�� ���"D�A�DA��#A�$%A

����������ABCA�D EF���EF������������������� &

�DA�D'��"�CD�A��A��CA�A�DC���A#D������(C

• �F���������&))* ����������������� ���������!

• "�������F������#��F �������$"%�

+F,C���(C'

• "���F&������������A�D�A�C�"������ACD(���D�CD�A'F�����&�����&� �����

• (������D'���"���D��A�D�A��C�����A�������� 'F���''����&��������� ��������

����(���C'

• -C�(��CA��DCA.)�����*��EF�������������*��+�&��F������

• -C�(��CA��DCA&)�����F����F�����,'���D�������*��E����� ����-,��E.���!E/

#D����"����DA��A��CAB���

• 0����������&).) ��������� ��1�*�D0�&���������*�F'�������������A

�DC���A����DC�'���A������/A-����C��A&)&)A�����C�AF�A0�1A�DA&).&

• "������ ����A�CDCE�F�CACDC���A�����F�F*�� #� F���� #��������F�

•�� FD ���������&� ����� �-���D��*��2 �����D�����F�/

• 3&�������#��F���������*��F���������A&)&)A���������A����C�'#�

• 4F� ���F���������&��F����������������������5��F'��������������*����5�� ����,'����

2

#D����"����DA��A��CAB���A

B���A�C'��D�'A��A

• �������������*���������F�F*�#��������F&��*���F�F���

• 4�������� �����*������� FD ������������ �F��F����������-��� ��F/�����*�#������ F�

����*�����D ���������'�� ������������������F������

• 0�5�F'� ���F����� ������� ���*����*���� ����5��� �*����

3���A�'ADCEA�F�"�A��CAB���4

• �F�� �F������������A�B�C�D���B�AEF��5�� �

• �����F�5�F'��B��EA�����B��A���B��-,���F��,�� /����� ��*�����*����� ���� �'��F� �

'F����5�����&��F������-�����EF����#�E����� ��� #��������*#�!�����/�

• �����D����F �F��� �F������� DF����������������F���������&����F� �

• ���� � �F��D�����BE��A�B�A�����'F�������F6������&��F�����

����������ABCA�D EF���EF������������������� 5

��CA��D����� ������ ���� ��A

����DC�'

• 7F�����������&��F' ��8AC#�,�������'F� ������������'����F� -,��/��� ���"�

E+������� ��� ��!E

!�� ���"D�A�A'�����D� ���D�

• ��� ������������ � �������D*��� #�������* �����F�F*�#����)���5�F'

�9�������� ���� �F���� :���*���F�� '����F�5

+F,C���(C

• "�'F�� �� ��F&��� ��� DF�����F�������F� �� �FF� 'F�

�F�����5�� 'F� ����*��� �F���� :���*���F�� '����F�5

����������ABCA�D EF���EF������������������� *

��CA��D����� ������ ���� ��A

��������

• 4FF�5����F������ �����&��F�����.����� ��&���#���� ��� �� ������

��������F�

���C����C

• �4,�F' ��� 4FF�5����F������ � ;3��F��� ABC<

#���C�CD�����DA

• ,'������F���+� �*� �-=�/��� �,�$��-��/�

����������ABCA�D EF���EF������������������� 6

Page 30: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

2

��D���� �D��������D

����������>

�������'��>?����D��'�F�*

����������ABCA�D EF���EF������������������� 7

Page 31: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

Mini-Grids Opportunities for Rural Development in Africa AEI Workshop Arusha 5 September 2013

Opportunities forppAEI WoWWoWWork

This project is supported by the European Union

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

MINIGRID TOOLKIT FOR POLICY-MAKERS

WHY A MINI-GRID POLICY TOOLKIT?

MINI-GRID EXPERIENCES

MINI-GRID BUSINESS MODELS

THE POLICY DIMENSION OF MINI-GRIDS

INTRODUCTION TO THE TOOLS

ID POLICY TOOLKIT?

THE POLICY DIMENSION OF MINI-GRIDS

2

WHY A MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT?

TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK TOOLKIT WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

3

IEA estimate: To achieve universal electricity access, mini-grids needed for

40% of new capacity by 2030, the largest portion in sub-Saharan Africa (WEO, 2010).

The technology is thereÉ

Green Mini-Grids can also stimulate rural productivity and renewable energy development

BUT green mini-grid options have

struggled to expand beyond pilot projects and are off-track to make a meaningful contribution to Sustainable Energy for All targets.

So what is the problem?

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

GRID EXTENSION MINIGRIDS STAND-ALONE

Mini-Grids: The Missing Middle

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

4

Policy and regulatory frameworks support grid extension

Policy doesnÕt readily consider mini-grids

Mini-grids not proÞtable in absence of conducive regulatory environment Ð so no investment

Lack of experience with mini-grids deters policy makers and investors

TOOLKIT

Page 32: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT OBJECTIVES

¥! Increase!awareness!of!MG!potential among targeted practitioner &!policy making stakeholders !

¥! Present!lessons!learnt! ¥! Provide!recommendations!for!senior!

policy-makers!and!advisors Inter-related activities presented via!a!designed!web!portal!that!presents and helps coordinate speciÞc activities

¥! Website ¥! Central policy document ¥! Case Studies ¥! Webinairs ¥! Workshops ¥! Learning Platform! ¥! Exchange of experience

(group of experts)

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

5

TOOLKIT COMPONENTS

Tool-kit Objectives

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

DIESEL HYDRO BIOMASS-FIRED HYBRIDS

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

Types of mini-grid technology

TECHNOLOGY

6

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

TECHNOLOGY TYPICAL SIZE & USES EXPERIENCE AND LEVEL OF MATURITY

DIESEL MINIGRIDS ¥! powered by diesel or fuel-oil ¥! Remote towns, tourism resorts

and business centres. ! ¥! Distribution grid. ¥! Operation times depend on load

requirements and ability to pay.

10 kW to 1MW ¥! Village

electriÞcation ¥! off-grid &

back-up power

¥! Utility-provided. Rural electriÞcation agencies subsidize connections ---consumers reduced prices (Africa-wide practice).

¥! Commercial-model: Operate on

private basis --- consumers pay fee based on number of appliances

NUMBERS IN AFRICA PROS CONS

Thousands in use all over Africa

!! Low CAPEX !! Mature

technology !! Solar PV & wind

can be added to

lower cost, !! Commercial

models established

!! Potential for bio-diesel fuels

!! High OPEX (fuel expense & delivery)

!! Carbon emissions

!! Fuel theft !! Intermittent use

times

DIESEL HYDRO BIOMASS-FIRED HYBRIDS

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

7

TOOLKIT

Kenya

Somalia

Case studies:

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

TECHNOLOGY TYPICAL SIZE & USES EXPERIENCE AND LEVEL OF MATURITY

HYDRO MINIGRIDS Powered by hydro plant (whether micro- or mini-) utilize cascading water to power electric turbines.

Up to 1MW; village electriÞcation, plantations, tea sector, religious missions.

¥! Traditionally in remote settlements and religious missions in mountainous areas. ¥! Asia: more active hydro market ¥! In past: many mission settlements

used hydro mini-grids. ¥! Renewed interest in small hydro

mini-grids tea sector & RE

NUMBERS IN AFRICA PROS CONS

438 kW micro-hydro project Musarara, Rwanda

Hundreds (?!) Cameroon, DRC, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda.

!!Mature technology

!! Low cost power !!No fuel needs

!!Requires constant hydro resource

!! Location-speciÞc

!!Many locations already near grid power

DIESEL HYDRO BIOMASS-FIRED HYBRIDS

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

Uganda.

TECHNOLOGY

8

TOOLKIT

Rwanda

Case study:

Page 33: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

TECHNOLOGY TYPICAL SIZE & USES EXPERIENCE AND LEVEL OF MATURITY

BIOMASS-FIRED Bio-waste, residues or biogas fueled generators. Power is distributed as with other types of minigrids.

Up to 1MW Sugar/wood plantations, sawmills, agro-industry.

¥! Mature technology employed in plantations to reduce power expenditures. ¥! Sugar plantations: bagasse. ¥! Potential utility feed-in tariffs. ¥! Interesting Asian experiences (see

India ÐHusk Power case study).

NUMBERS IN AFRICA PROS CONS

Husk Power Systems, India Xx MW in village xx

100Õs of sites. Cameroon, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Uganda, Tanzania.

!!Relatively low cost power

!!Plentiful, low-cost fuel

!! Limited African experience in rural electriÞcation

!! Location-speciÞc

DIESEL HYDRO BIOMASS-FIRED HYBRIDS

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

9

TOOLKIT

Case studies: India

Tanzania

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

TECHNOLOGY TYPICAL SIZE & USES EXPERIENCE AND LEVEL OF MATURITY

AC-COUPLED INVERTER HYBRID MINIGRIDS

Systems manage solar, wind, battery and generator combinations for supply to small distribution networks.

2kW to 300 kW !!Recent technical improvements. !!Advanced inverter, power

management & metering --- increased opportunities.

!!Greatest near-term potential --size adaptability & combination with diesel generators.

NUMBERS IN AFRICA PROS CONS

Hybrid minigrid in Tsumkwe, Namibia 201 kW solar array

Scores of projects. Rural energy agency NGO, private sector.

!!Extremely ßexible systems

!! Falling PV prices

!! Lower fuel consumption

!!High investment, especially when battery storage is used

!!Batteries !!Spare parts &

maintenance

DIESEL HYDRO BIOMASS-FIRED HYBRIDS

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

10

TOOLKIT

Senegal

Namibia

Egypt

Cape Verde

Case studies:

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

Its more than just technologyÉ

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

11

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

The parts need to work togetherÉ

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

12

TOOLKIT

Page 34: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

Rural people are obviously willing to pay! Why donÕt companies, NGOs or communities invest in minigrids?

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

¥! Mini-grid business: investment in technology & power distribution over long term. Investors deterred by: "! extremely high up-front costs, "! relatively low rate of return "! high risk that the investment will not cover costs.

¥! Investment viability: "! Businesses, grinding mills or agricultural pumps: stable ÒanchorÓ customers, BUT "! Rural households simply not Þnancially attractive to commercial utilities.

¥! Most mini-grid business models not viable without subsidies. ¥! Case studies: virtually all business models require subsidy to commence, or to

sustain operation over the long term.

TECHNOLOGY

13

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

Mini-grid business models

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

There is no one-size-Þts-all business model for minigrids. This section presents a number of common models that have emerged which virtually all minigrids Þt into. All of these models have positive and negative aspects that are discussed in the case studies. Business models primarily differ based on who owns power generation and power distribution infrastructure as well as the presence of other key situational elements such as speciÞc regulation (or lack thereof) or strong involvement of private sector or NGOs/donors.

TECHNOLOGY

14

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

No ÒbestÓ mini-grid business model! Context is key.

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

There is no one-size-Þts-all business model for minigrids. This section presents a number of common models that have emerged which virtually all minigrids Þt into. All of these models have positive and negative aspects that are discussed in the case studies. Business models primarily differ based on who owns power generation and power distribution infrastructure as well as the presence of other key situational elements such as speciÞc regulation (or lack thereof) or strong involvement of private sector or NGOs/donors.

TECHNOLOGY

Private models based on anchor clients

e.g. Tanzania Wattle

Private sector led

e.g. Somalia

Hybrids, e.g. PPP

in Rwanda

Hybrid concessions

e.g. Senegal

Utility led e.g. Kenya

Donor/Community led

e.g. Cape Verde

15

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

Mini-grid business models BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

MODEL POWER

GENERATION

POWER

DISTRIBUTION MAIN SITUATIONAL ELEMENTS

LEVEL OF

SUBSIDIES EXAMPLE

1A Private sector-

led (Anchor load

based)

Private Private

Firms with power demand/

supply available (agro-

industry, telecom or service

company)

Moderate Tanzania wattle

1B Private sector-

led (Free market) Private Private

Absence of regulation (free

price setting)

Financially

Viable

Somali diesel grid

Tourism/telecomm??

1C Private sector

led (with

regulatory

framework)

Private Private

Political preference for

option

Enabling policy environment

Extremely

high up front

Mali concessions

Senegal concessions

2 Utility-led

minigrids Utility Utility

Political preference for

option

Political will to pursue this

Extremely

high

Kenya

Tanzania

3 Community-led Community Community Donor/NGO technical and

Þnancial assistance

Extremely

high

Cape Verde

Namibia

4 Hybrids (e.g.

Public Private

Partnerships)

Private Utility

Political preference for

option

Enabling policy environment

Moderate Rwanda

TECHNOLOGY

16

TOOLKIT

Page 35: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

¥! Purpose ¥! Actors ¥! Regulatory

environment & business models

¥! Senegal example ¥! Mini-grids overtaken

by grids

TECHNOLOGY

17 17 1717 17 17 17 1717 117

TOOLKIT

POLICY & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

The Purpose of Positive GMG Policy

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

18

TOOLKIT

¥! Set up the ÒRules of the RoadÓ for Mini-Grid Implementation

¥! Ensure the Public Good ¥! Instill ConÞdence ¥! Provide Incentives and support

instruments for Project Development

BeneÞciary concerns

Investor concerns

Grid operator concerns

Local & national

government concerns

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

Policy & Regulatory Framework Actors in Mini-Grid Policy

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

19

Ministry

Energy Regulator Rural ElectriÞcation Authority

Utility Mini-Grid Operators

Consumers

Political guidance

Role depends on model

Role depends on model

Coordination & implementation of

rural electif. Regulation Government

Government

Government

Parastatal Private / community

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

Regulatory Environment for MG Business Models

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

20

!Model! Utility! Hybrid! Private! Community!

Strategy-level ! National electricity / electriÞcation strategy: global decision about which business /

operator model to apply in the country

"#$!%&!

'()*+(,-.$!!

Acts, laws, policies etc., operationalizing above & delegating authority for

speciÞc regulation to government bodies (e.g. rural electriÞcation agency,

regulator)

SpeciÞc

regulation !

Public

procurement

IPP / PPA Concessions; Tariffs Future grid connection

Concessions; Tariffs; Ownership model (?) Future grid connection

/.#-.01-2!3!

24''%)$!+.$-)15!

Policy decisions on: CAPEX subsidy (Þnanced through donors, taxes, or consumers);

tax breaks; connection subsidies, direct support interventions; etc.

6-.-)(*!

)-74*(0%.!!

¥! Permits, licences, EIAÔs etc.

¥! Import regulations: duties, taxes, tarriffs

¥! Technical standards (products and services)

¥! Taxiation: e.g. VAT

TOOLKIT

Page 36: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

Supportive Policy Tools & Instruments

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

21

TOOLKIT

Degree of Need! Policy Element Examples!

Must have FOUNDATION

¥! Clear private sector development policy ¥! Clear energy policy, in favor of rural electriÞcation ¥! Clear policy support and regulatory framework for desired MG business model(s)

Should have FRAMEWORK !

¥! Rural electriÞcation policy & sector development plan ¥! Regulatory agency in place, clear regulatory rules ¥! Rural electriÞcation targets ¥! Rural electriÞcation agency in place, clear ideas about the public support program ¥! Common PPA guidelines in place with favorable tariff for renewable energy

¥! Tariff guidelines for off-grid use, allow cost-reßective tariffs, and national grid tariffs are also cost-reßective

¥! Clear Þscal rules for private businesses!

Will help if ¥! Share information about grid expansion plans & means ¥! Import duty relief for RE equipment ¥! Tax incentives for operating RE in rural areas ¥! Financial support mechanism in place promoting investments in RE

"! Subsidies "! Access to concessional Þnance

¥! TA support mechanism in place promoting investments in RE ¥! Indications which business models are supported under public program and how

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

Supportive Policy Tools & Instruments Senegal Example

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

22

TOOLKIT

Must Have

¥! Government commitment to electrify rural areas ¥! Acceptance of mini-grid model

¥! Support for private-sector led concession approach

Should Have

¥! Rural ElectriÞcation Agency (ASER) and Fund ¥! Tariffs in place

¥! Rules for concession players ¥! Long term contracts

Helpful

¥! Financial support from donors and Government ¥! Standard designs for mini-grids

¥! TA and capacity building

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

What happens when utility grids enter minigrid geographic areas?

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

¥! New power generation costs change the business model "! decrease end-user prices "! threaten return on investment for the operator "! Remove further incentives for operators

¥! Such risks need to be governed in the policy framework and fair compensation for the investor should be guaranteed.

¥! This is a common occurrence in rural electriÞcation ¥! Rwanda case study

TECHNOLOGY

23

TOOLKIT

INTRO TO THE PORTAL

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

24

Page 37: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT This minigrid policy toolkit is arranged in six sections to help readers quickly learn about various aspects of minigrids. Below, Þnd links to discussions on technology, business models and policy frameworks of minigrid projects. Also Þnd links to sections about case studies and important policy lessons that

have been learnt in Africa and elsewhere. INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK

CASE STUDIES WAY FORWARD Feel free to explore our web-site

(www.minigridpolicytoolkit.euei-pdf.org) for more information and discussions. This minigrid policy toolkit is an initiative of:

TECHNOLOGYBUSINESS MODELSPOLICY FRAMEWORK

CASE STUDIESWAWWAWWAWWAAYAAYYAAY FORWAWWAWWAWWAARD

INTRODUCTION

HOME

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

Main Tool Kit Elements ¥! Central Policy Document ¥! Web Site ¥! Case Studies

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

26

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

KENYA

RE Technology:

Business model: Utility-led (Kenya Power)

Diesel mini-"grids as examples of the most prevalent type of mini-"grids in Africa. Diesel generators are simple to operate and have relatively low investment costs; they can be repaired locally, and have shown to be reliable. Case study explores how addition of PV to a diesel system can improve performance (on-going Kenya Power projects).

GO TO CASE STUDY

TECHNOLOGY

27

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

INDIA

RE Technology:

Business model: Hybrid (PPP)

Indian experience with Biomass-PV minigrids and a subsidized private sector model (reduced subsidies). Model and technology applied in hundreds of communities in India. Special relevance to Africa.

GO TO CASE STUDY

TECHNOLOGY

28

TOOLKIT

Page 38: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

EGYPT

RE Technology:

Business Model: NGO/Community-led

Demonstration project in the desert that uses wind/solar for desalinization of brackish water. Supplies water for irrigation of tree plantations and agriculture.

GO TO CASE STUDY

TECHNOLOGY

29

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

NAMIBIA

RE Technology:

Business model: Hybrid (Community and Utility)

Hybrid diesel" PV mini grid as an example of the importance of project design, whereby ideological considerations are proven to be not very practical.

GO TO CASE STUDY

TECHNOLOGY

30

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

RWANDA

RE Technology:

Business model: Hybrid (PPP)

Mini grids that are subsequently connected to the main grid. Privately created micro hydro plants and mini grids showing that local organizations can be strong enough to develop, Þnance and operate micro hydro plants; the initial systematic assistance pays off as these project developers are now technically and Þnancially capable of replicating their experiences. The regulatory framework is very important, as in this case the minigrid was not built for that reason.

GO TO CASE STUDY

TECHNOLOGY

31

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

SENEGAL

RE Technology:

Business model: Concession

Mini-"grids as a representative case study for the West African experience of government" subsidized PV/diesel hybrid minigrids to Þll in areas of non-service for the national grid.

GO TO CASE STUDY

TECHNOLOGY

32

TOOLKIT

Page 39: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

TANZANIA

RE Technology:

Business model: based on anchor client

Tanzania experience of Tanzania Wattle and their biomass based the minigrid has been incorporated into the Tanzania national grid.

GO TO CASE STUDY

TECHNOLOGY

33

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION

CAPE VERDE

RE Technology:

Business Model: Donor/Community-led

Solar/wind diesel hybrid applied in a remote island for rural electriÞcation. Relatively expensive donor-provided demonstration program.

GO TO CASE STUDY

TECHNOLOGY

34

TOOLKIT

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

35

TOOLKIT

Way Forward ¥! Website Operational ¥! Public Announcement ¥! Content Available Online

"!Main document "!Case studies "!Training materials

¥! Next Workshops ¥! Training Webinair ¥! Long term handover of

website

MINIGRID POLICY TOOLKIT

BUSINESS MODELS POLICY FRAMEWORK WAY FORWARD INTRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

36

TOOLKIT

Thank You

Mark Hankins [email protected]

Tel: 254-722-527710

AFRICAN Solar Designs Ltd.

Page 40: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

������

����������A BCCD�EF��E����D��F���

�����DC���E��������

���������� ��!��"��CE��#��$%&'

�����ABCD�ECF��BDB��FB���BD�A���

��������BCD &( )����C�D*��E#��+��DF��

$( ������E�D����,���������E�D�D�����������

'( -����.D�+�D��EE���E��������E���E������������

/( ���������C���������������DC���EC�D�����F��������

"( 0F���������D�������������+�E��������������

1( ���2�D�D�3,2D���������2��������F��E�D�

4( B.����2�C�-F��������5�D�D������F��E�D�

6�5�5����!B�B��7!�5

������

� 6�D*��ECF�CD��8 �����DC������������CD���3������F��ED�3EDD��ED������E�E��������������E����E3������������E��#FE������.�#�������3�����E���E�����,����D�

� 6�D*��E���D�����D���5���E����E3���F��ED��9���D���E�D�:�5��;8�FCCD�E��#3���,�����E����E����5,6��������#35�5!�6�-

� 6�D*��EC2����8� !���CE�D�����D��F��E�D�C2���8 ����E������C���������3�E�+�2D����

������E�D�D�����D����F��������:�D�C��E��;

� �CC����E�D���E.D�DF�E����8 �CC�3�������D����F��������EDC�D�F����E�D�����E�D�C���������D����3������E�D�C�D����:��C�D�����;

� -�������E�D�����CC�D���8 �������ED��F��������ED#�C��C����#3���D�$%&' �������<C��E��ED#��CC�D���#3���,5����3�����E��� ��$%&/(

)����#��+��DF��ED���,����������C�D*��E�

������

���������F����23#���������E�D������������

������

Re

ne

wa

ble

Fo

ssil fu

el

Main Grid

Energy Supply Sources Small-scale distribution network

=��E�����3�

��E����E��B�������

�D�����E�����3

��E����E�����������

�D�����E�����3

��E����E��B�������

=��3 �����������

C�D*��E�:�D E�����

���F��E�D�>&�?;

& / 4

�����������C�D*��E�

:���2E2�����

���F��E�D�>&%�?;

$ " @

7����C�D*��E�:A&%

�?;:�D����

���F��E�D�;

' 1 B

�������������������E�D�

�F�������������A�� �F����� �����!

� -D�F�������D�E2����D�������CD���3������F��ED�3

DCE�D��8

� �D�������E3���E����C�����38 C�D�C��E��������ED�����DC���ED��

����ED+�D.E2��E�+�2D��������C�D���� ED#��D��D.����C�������

��������DC�������������(

� C�D.�����D����+�E��������������8 ��F�����E������D�E2�

�����3����� D�E����E#���������������E2����#���E3���.����������ED

C�3 ��E2�#�����D�E2�������D��F�E����#��C�D*��E�(��������

F���������������:�#���E3���.������EDC�3;������E��(

-����.D�+ED�EE���E��������������E���E

�����"

Page 41: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

� -D�F������:�D�E��F��;8

� ���2�D�D�3�2D������E��2��������F��E�D�8 �F������F�����������

��C�D3�����������E��2�D�D�3�2D���� ���E��2��������F��E�D��F�E

���F������������#��������F������������FCC�3.2�E2��DC���E�����

��D��E���3�E���D���C�������DC���E�D�.�E2E2���������(

� B.����2�C��F����������D�D������F��E�D�8 CD������������F��E�D��

�F�E������E�E��������D.����2�C����F������D����� CF#����

�D��F��E3�C����E����ED����C��E����2�C�D�E2���(

-����.D�+ED�EE���E��������������E���E

�����#

� C�3C�����C����D���D�D������F��E�D�8

� ����������F�ED������������������#��������F������E����E3�D��

E2��E2�3�����D.E������8 ��DCE�DE��������F��E�D��D����3�����

�����C�D*��E����F���������:���2E�2�����;���F��E�D��D�������

C�D*��E�F�����E������������E2D�D�D�������C�D*��E��������E�(

� ����F#�������D�D����D����C�E���D�E��#FE�D���D����#��C�D*��E�ED

�<E���������8 =��#���E3��E2��#���E3ED���E���F����EDC���E������

����E�������<C���������F������C�����E�D�

-����.D�+ED�EE���E��������������E���E

�����$

-����.D�+ED�EE���E��������������E���E

�F�������������A�� �F����� �����%

&(6����������

�����DC���EC�D����

�F��������

$(0F���������D�

������������+�E�����

���������

'(���2�D�D�3�2D������

���2��������F��E�D�

/(B.����2�C�-F�����

���5�D�D������F��E�D�

���������

�BDB��FB��&�DDBD���D����'�C���DA�

&FC(����)�B��BD��

� 6���������3�E�C�#3E2������E�3���CD���#���D������38

� 5��F��E2�E�����3CD�����������.����D.�D��F�E�C������E����E3

�FCC�����ED��E����F�ED����.�E2DFE#����D��E�E�D.����FCC�����

� !���E��3���E�EFE�D������������F�����+��3ED�����ED�ED#������E��#3

����������A �����3����D�������3���ED�C��3���

� �������E������E�EFE�D�ED#�E2����������6�D*��E,DD�����E���

�����3:�6,�;A �(�(�D�������E��C��E���E����F��ED��

����E������E�D������3

� �D��D��6,�.�E2���C��EEDC�D�����F��������8

� ����E�C�D�����F��������

� �E�+�2D����������E�D��(�(F����.D�+�2DC�

� 6F#����E�D�������E��#FE�D�A C�C���������E�D���

�E�C�ED�����DC���6�D����0F��������

�������

� 0F��������ED����F��#FE�DE#�����E��EDE2��D��D.���8

� ������E�D��������������E�D�D�����������8DF���E�E������DF��E�E�E���

� 5<E���E�D��������E����E����E3�������.�#�������3CD���������.����

���F��E�D��

� 5<E���E�D��������E�D�������3���ED�CD���������.�������F��E�D��

� ������CE�D�D����������DE2�������E�����D���������������DC���E

� ������CE�D�D�E2�C�D*��E�����DC���E����CC�D���C�D����8C��������

�����3#F������C����E��������#F������C����E�E�D��ED����C2����

� ������CE�D�D����������C�D���F������E��2����������D�D������F��ED�3

��DF������E��D���������E����������������

,D�E��ED�C�D�����F��������

�������

Page 42: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

)�B��BD���ECF�*�A� B��BD����F+�A�

,������D������D�

� ��E�D����������E�D��:���F�E�ED#�C�D����������D���E�D�ED�����EC�D*��E�����DC���;8

� 6D���3������D�������E��������3��������������8������E�D�D����E�����D���E�����������D���#���E3E�������D�������DCE�D��

� ��E�D���5����3�F���3�8 ED����E���E�#���D������3���������D���������E

��F�����D������D��E�D�D�2DF��2D�����D�������#F���������E�EFE�D��

� 6D���3DCE�D���D�����F���������������������8�F#������������D��

������E���C�D*��E�

� ,���������E�D�D��F����D��E�D���D��������D�������DCE�D��8 ���D�������C�D<���E3�CDCF��E�D����D���C2�����DF�E3

� �����DC���ED��F��������3�������E������E�D����E��C����8C2���������DC���EED��2����F��������������E����E�

���������ED������3��������������

�������

� 6�D*��E�������E�D��:���F�E�ED#��F#��EE��#3C�D*��E

�����DC������FCCD�ED��������D������E��E�D��CC����E�D��;8

� 6�D*��E���������3��������������E8 �F�#�����E3C�D��D��F�������

���������ED������3�����E2�E���#���EF�����������������E����E3

� 6�D*��E��������E����E3������8 ED��E�#���2���E������C�D*��E���F�#��

D��F�ED����E2�E����#�����.������EDC�3�D�E2��������������E����E3(

� �������E���������D�����E8ED#�F���ED��E�#���2��F�D������3�DF���(

� �C�E����������D�����E8ED#�F���ED��E�#���2��E.D�+��F�(

���������ED������3��������������

������!

-�(�DCC�.���CB(���D��-�(�DB(��

�����ABCD

� 6D���3���F��8

� -�����E�E����D�C������.�E2����.�#�������3CD���38 �D�������EED

C�D���������E�������DF��E�E�E�����E���E��D����DF����E2�E���#�

��D�D������3F����D�����E����E3������E�D��(�(�3��D�D��������D���

�D�C�����������������D���C2�����E��#FE�D�D�.����C������D���

���D��E�D��#�D������3���DF����

� 7D������E�D�D�E��2�D�D�38 �DF�C���E�E���������E�D�����D���

���F���EF��G�������2����+���������DC���E�E��E�D����������D���

������

� �����������E���D����E�D�8 �����������F�E#���C�#��D���D��E�����

C�������DC���E�D�

���2�����DC���E�D�������F��E�D�C�����C���

������#

� ���F��ED�3���F��ED#��D��ED���E2�DF�2���F����F��E�8

� ����E38 �D�C������.�E2�CC�D�������E3���F��E�D�����E�D���E

��E����E�D����DF�C���E����3�E���E�������G���������DC���E�D�

#3�FE2D�����C���D������E�(

� �����#���E38 �D����E��EC�D�F�E����������DF���E3

� ���F��E38 �D�E��F�E3D��FCC�3�DE.�E2�E����������3�����D������

���F�������#���E3D�����.�#�������3�DF����

� 5����D����E������D������C��E�8 ��D��������������C��E�

� -��<�#���E38 ��D��E��D�C�������DC���E�D�

� 5�D�D�38 ����E��D�EE��2������D�FE�D�ED�F�������E������C�D*��E��

������

���2�����DC���E�D�������F��E�D�C�����C���

������$

Page 43: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

/0D�F��B���1�D�BD���D��*(CDC�B(�

�����ABCD

� 7�����������C�D�F�����E�F���������2DF��#���������ED

������E�E��������E3D�D.����2�C����F������D����

� �������������#�D.�������F����#38

� ,D��F��E���8F������DDC���E����E�F�ED�DE2��������E�F�EF��(

� 6F#�����E��C�����8�F���������E�3��D�E2���E�D���E����F�3D�E2�DF�2

�D�������E�F����E��� �D���������D���

� 6����E���E��C�����8�F������D��D���������D������C����E��DF�E3G

��3��DF���CF#������ED��FCCD�E�D����+��E���E�D�

� 6F#���C����E�C��E����2�C�8��D�#���E�D�D�E2��#D�����E2����*D��E

���EF���D�E2�DF�2�D����������������������������E�#�E.���

������E�D�����E��#FE�D������E.D�+DC���ED��(

B.����2�C����F������D����

�������

=��E�����3�

��E����E��B�������

�D�����E�����3

��E����E�����������

�D�����E�����3

��E����E��B�������

=��3 �����������

C�D*��E�:�D E�����

���F��E�D�>&�?;

&(��E���E�����EDD� /(?2D������ C����H

I����������E���

E�����

4(��E���E�����EDD�G

.2D������ C����HI

��E���E�����

�����������C�D*��E�

:���2E2�����

���F��E�D�>&%�?;

$(��E���E�����EDD� "(��E���E�����EDD�G

�������D��

���DE��#���66�

@(��E���E�����EDD�G

�������D��

���DE��#���66�

7����C�D*��E�:A&%

�?;:�D����

���F��E�D�;

'(��E���E�����EDD� 1(��E���E�����EDD�G

���������DE��#��

�66�

B(��E���E�����EDD�G

���������DE��#��

�66�

C�38���H�E���������� E�������E2D�D�D�3G�66�H�E����������CD.��CF��2�����������E

�������������������E�D�����CC����#��E�����EDD��

�F�������������A�� �F����� �������

� ����������C�D�����2��C�����2��2��DF���E3��������

� �����E#������������������3C�3�D���D���E����E���������D���������

� ����������F���+��3ED�<�����#���E3���.����������EDC�3

� ��������D����+��3ED#�EDD�D.�2���������D����E���E�����EDD�

� ���������E#3�<��CE�D��������E�������2��C��

� ���F��ED������E�����������.2���F�ED����������D�C����E�

��E�D�����D��DE��������F��E�D��D����3����������

C�D*��E�

�������

� ���C����������E���������C�D���F���ED���F��E������E�D��D�E���E����F����C�D*��E�����DC���E8

� ���������6�D*��E,DD�����E�D������3EDC�D����D���EDC�DD�����E�D����E��

� ���D��E�����������D�F���E�8.�E2����E��D��D���DE��E�D�

� �����F���CD�E�����DF������E�ED��������D���D����������E��E����D�E��F����C�D*��EDC���E�D�8

� ���F��ED�ED�C����3D��3�����E������D���E�D�

� 5���E������E�D������������DE2���D�������E#D�������C�D�������DF�E�D������2E

� 5(�(�CC�D���D�E��2����������������FE2D����E�D�D��3�E��DC���ED��#3FE���E3D��F�������E������E�D������3

7��2E2��������F��E�D��D������������C�D*��E�

�������

� �E�������������D������E��E�D�E��C��E��

� �E������CD.��CF��2�����������E�:�66�;

� �E������E�������E2D�D�D�3:���;8�������E�����EDD�GCD.��CF��2���EDD�G��E���E�����EDD�

� �E�������D������D���������E:�,�;

� �E������ DC���E�D��������E��������������E:�B�;:���#��D�#����.�E2��E2��66�;

� 6�D�F�����E���#������C�D���F���8����E�D������E�������D������������C�D*��E�G�D�C�E�E���#�������D�������C�D*��E�

�E����������C�D*��E��������E����C�D���F���

�������

Page 44: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

!

�F�������������A�� �F����� ������!

� 05�5��7�!�,���!B�

����CJB�

������"

Page 45: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

����

�����������ABBCD�BE�������F�BFB�������

������E������A�F�B����B���

��D�B��E�������B��C��C������E��B�

�����F�A���������

�F����������F���F���������� F���B�

�� �������E��!�����A�B�B C F"F�E�

�! �#$%#&$'�() ��*$+,%&+&,-��.,",/.�&0�F"01"0&"

�! �+"*&02�/3�A&0&CD%&4.�B0&,&",&#$.�

�! F"F�E���53$%&$0+$�'&,6�A&0&C2%&4.�3('$%$4�7-�

8",%(36" �&*

9! B:3*$:$0,",&(0�.,",/.�() ��+"*&02��3��%(2%"::$

�! ���".$��,/4-�() ��6":7( �&**"2$

;! �$..(0.��$"%0,

<! �$+(::$04",&(0.�"04��(0+*/.&(0.�

����

� �*$+,%&+&,- &.�$..$0,&"*�)(%�$+(0(:&+�2%(',6�"04�3(#$%,-�%$4/+,&(0�

� �*$+,%&)&+",&(0�%",$�&0�F"01"0&"�&.���=��

� �/%"*�3(3/*",&(0�&.�",�>��3$%+$0,�'&,6�$*$+,%&)&+",&(0�%",$�() �<=���&0�/%7"0�$*$+,%&)&+",&(0�%",$�&.��9=

� �0$%2-�3$%�+"3&,"�&.�?<@�6�

� B0.,"**$4�+"3"+&,-�&.�"7(/,�����A��

���������A��BCD���������A��BCD���������A��BCD���������A��BCD

����

A&0&C2%&4. "04 4$+$0,%"*&1$4 .-.,$:. &0 F"01"0&" C

� �/33(%,&#$ 3(*&+&$. "04 2/&4$*&0$. )%(: "33%(3%&",$"/,6(%&,&$. ./+6 ". A�A����� ����� "%$ "#"&*"7*$�

� �$- 3*"-$%. &0+*/4$ ���� A&..&(0"%&$. A$!2! ���B� �%&#",$.$+,(%. /04$% ����.� D�. A$!2!F"F�E�B

� A&0&C2%&4 .-.,$:. +(/*4 7$ 3('$%$4 7- C

�(*"% ��� ,6$%:"* 3*"0,.� A&0&C6-4%(� B0,$%0"*+(:7/.,&(0 $02&0$. 3('$%$4 7- ��� "04 :&0$%"*4&$.$* AA��.C���.B .-.,$:. $,+!

����

� A��C���C &. " 4&$.$* $02&0$ ./+6 ". �&.,$%� �(#.(0 $,+!

�6&+6 3%(4/+$. :$+6"0&+"* 3('$%

� A��C��� 3"+@"2$ +(0.&., () 4$C6/.@$%� :"&1$ :&**� (&*

3%$.. "04 "*,$%0",(%!

� A��C��� 3"+@"2$ 3&*(,$4 &0 �%/.6" "04 E"% $. �"*"":

�$2&(0.

� �&*(, 3%(D$+,. '$%$ ./33(%,$4 7- ���D���� ��A�� &0

���;C���<

� F"F�E� 6". 7$$0 ,%"&0&02 (,6$%. (0 6(' ,( &0.,"**

A��. A�$"%+6 7- D((2*$ CA/*,&)/0+,&(0"* �0$%2- �*",)(%:

AA��B �&*(, &0 �2"04"B

����

� �$..(0. *$"%0, &0 3&*(, 3%(D$+,. *$4 ,( ,6$ 4$#$*(3:$0,

() " 3%(2%"::$ ./33(%,$4 7- ,6$ �� E �&#(.

A�+"*&02 /3 �++$.. ,( B0,$2%",$4 A(4$%0 �0$%2-

�$%#&+$. )(% �(#$%,- �$4/+,&(0 &0 F"01"0&" B

����

��7D$+,&#$ F( +(0,%&7/,$ ,( &:3%(#$4

*&#$*&6((4� 3(#$%,- %$4/+,&(0 "04 ./.,"&0"7*$

%/%"* 4$#$*(3:$0, ,6%(/26 &:3%(#$4 "++$.. ,(

:(4$%0 $0$%2- &0 %/%"* +(::/0&,&$.

Page 46: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

����

��$*$+,&(0 +%&,$%&" () 3%(D$+, .&,$ &0+*/4$ C

�++$..&7&*&,-� $5&.,$0+$ () %/%"* ,('0.� "'"- )%(:

,6$ 2%&4� $0$%2- 0$$4.� '&**&020$.. "04 "7&*&,- ,(

3"- () ,6$ +(::/0&,-!

��, 3%$.$0, "7(/, �; (/, () �� A��. 6"#$ 7$$0

&0.,"**$4 "04 (3$%",&(0"*�

�A(%$ ,6"0 9�� ��E. 6"#$ 7$$0 +(00$+,$4 ,( ,6$

:&0&C2%&4. 3('$%$4 7- A��. A3"%,*- )/$*$4 7-

8",%(36" (&* "04 E&$.$*B�

��7(/, ��� 7/.&0$.. +$0,%$. &0 %/%"* +(::/0&,&$.

"%$ 3('$%$4 7- $*$+,%&+&,- )%(: A��.�

��2%(C3%(+$..&02�4$C6/.@&02�"04�:&**&02�

� A&**&02����C>��@2C6(/%� E$C6/.@$%�+"3"+&,-����C

9��@2C6(/%

����

��%$..&02�.$$4.�)(%��&*�3%(4/+,&(0

� �&*�3%$..&02�+"3"+&,-�<�C�9��@2C6(/%

��",,$%-�+6"%2&02

�A&0&C2%&4.�3$+&)&+",&(0��() �2$0$%",(%�

&.�>!>@��(%���@��

�A�A�A�A

�$**/*"%��6(0$��6"%2&02 �"&%��/,,&02

�('$%&02�'",$%�3/:3�",,*$�E%&0@&02��",$%

��(3/*",&(0�������A�����?<��E�A�����9B

���E. +(00$+,$4 "%$ <� A�;� 7$0$)&+&"%&$.B�

� A(%$ ,6"0 �� 7/.&0$.. +$0,%$. A 7"%7$% .6(3.�+$**/*"% 36(0$ +6"%2&02 .,",&(0.� @&(.@.� 2/$.,6(/.$.� .3(%,. +$0,%$.� "2%(C3%(+$..&02 &04/.,%&$. B"%$ 3('$%$4 7- A��

�A(%$ ,6"0 ��� +/.,(:$%. "%$ .$%#$4 3$% 4"-���������

D� A�'0$%��$04�

/.$%.C�/.,(:$%.B�"04�

#&**"2$�*$"4$%.6&3

�(*$�() �D��&.�,(�

.")$2/"%4�&0,$%$.,.�() �

7(,6�&0#$.,(%�"04�$04�

/.$%.�

��������

Page 47: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

�(:$�() ��A��C����.$%#&+$.�+6"%2$.�",��6":7( �&**"2$ C

�����������AB�C�DEF��F�� �����������E�����D�����CBA

� ��� ��BA ��� �������� �EC ! "#�"� DEF F�����������E $%�� D�� ��CBA

� &#��C��� '�CB�� DEF F�� (��������E !)�� ��CBA

� *E��� �����C +,�-A#�.�C / F�� ��������E ��(!

� &EBB��F 'AE��C #D B� �$�0 F�� $��� � ��E ���(

� 1AE��C �C� '��� DA�C� ��� ! A�#�� / F�� !�����E����

��������

�(:$�() �,6$��/++$..�.,(%&$. C� �.,"7*&.6$4�&0.,&,/,&(0"*�)%":$'(%@�",�*(+"*�*$#$*�

AE&��E�. E�D�.�B"%$��./33(%,&#$

� �++$3,"7&*&,-�() �A��C����+(0+$3,

� �33(%,/0&,&$.�,(�%$3*&+",$�&0�(,6$%�"%$".

� �(+"*�3%&+&02�() �$*$+,%&+&,-�.$%#&+$�&.�+%/+&"*

� $$4�() �.,%$02,6$0&02�+"3"+&,-�,(�7/&*4�:&0&C2%&4.

� 8",%(36" �&* +(0./:3,&(0�&.�*$..�7-���=�+(:3"%$4�,(�4&$.$*

� F"F�E��6".�2"&0$4�.&20&)&+"0,�$53$%&$0+$�&0�4$#$*(3&02�:&0&C2%&4.�"04�%$*",$4�&0.,&,/,&(0"*�)%":$'(%@!

��������

�(:$�() �,6$��6"**$02$. C

� �$".(0"*�&0+(:$�() �%/%"*�+(::/0&,&$.�6&04$%�3"-&02�+(00$+,&(0.�)$$.�"04�$*$+,%&+&,-�7&**.�,&:$*-�

� B0./))&+&$0,�./33*-�() �8",%(36" .$$4.�

� �.$�() �+(0,":&0",$4�)/$*.�,(�%/0�A��.�

� A��.C���.�"%$�2((4�$5":3*$.�() �$0"7*&02�)"%:$%.�,(�"44�#"*/$.�() �,6$&%�)"%:�3%(4/+$

��������

�(:$ :$"./%$. ,( "44%$.. .(:$ +6"**$02$.��,%$02,6$0&02 7/.&0$.. :"0"2$:$0, .@&**. ":(02

$0,%$3%$0$/%. ���.$ () $.,"7*&.6$4 D�.� B0#(*#$:$0, () E&��E�.��"%,&+&3",&(0 () F$+60&+"* "04 �E� ,$":. ", "** .,"2$.

A&0&C2%&4.�6"#$�3(,$0,&"*�,( C� �44%$..�%/%"*�+(::/0&,&$.�$*$+,%&+&,-�0$$4.�"04�

+(0,%&7/,$�,(�%/%"*�$+(0(:&+�2%(',6�

��"%,0$%.6&3�":(02�"+,(%.�&0�:&0&C2%&4�&0&,&",&#$.�"04�:"0"2$:$0,��&.�$..$0,&"*�

��/%,6$%�.+"*&02�/3�"04�%$3*&+",&(0�() �A��.C���.�3"+@"2$�&0�,6$�#&**"2$�".�$0$%2-�:&5�"*,$%0",&#$�0$$4�./33(%,�"04�&0+$0,&#$.�)%(:�,6$�D(#$%0:$0,�

��/33(%,�$0,%$3%$0$/%.�,(�"++$..�)&0"0+&02�)(%�+(0.,%/+,&(0�() �A��.C���.�&0�:(%$�#&**"2$.�

��������

�(%�A(%$�B0)(%:",&(0��(0,"+, C

F"F�E�

�!�!��F���<?9��E"%�$. �"*"":��

F"01"0&"

�C:"&* �$0$%2-G,",$4(!(%2

�$7.&,$ �'''!,",$4(!(%2��������

F6"0@��(/�)(%��(/%��,,$0,&(0

Page 48: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

MUSARARA MINI-HYDRO POWER PROJECT

ARUSHA, TANZANIA, SEPT 5, 2013

PRIVATE SECTOR PRESENTER:

DAN KLINCK, COO

DC HYDROPOWER LTD (RWANDA)

RWANDA MINI-GRID CASE STUDYRECP OPPORTUNITIES FOR RURAL-DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA WORKSHOP

MUSARARA MINI-HEP PROJECT

Developer • Amahoro Energy (SOGEMR)

Capacity • 438 kW

Water Storage • N/A (Run-of-the-River Scheme)

Construction • 5 Years ( Primary Delays: Funding )

Development Costs

• EUR 1.3M• 20% Developer

• 45% Debt• 35% GIZ EnDev Program Grant

Annual Income • EUR 350M

Mini-Grid • Original design to provide Shyra Hospital & Villages with 500 households

• Completed with National Grid Connection• Constructed 6km of MV Transmission Line

DIVERSION WEIR CANAL

CANAL & AQUADUCT CANAL

Page 49: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

CANAL & AQUADUCT CANAL & AQUADUCT

CANAL & FOREBAY FOREBAY

PENSTOCK (120m) POWERHOUSE

Page 50: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

OSSBERGER TURBINE ON-GRID CELEBRATION

MINI-GRID TECH INFO

MiniGrid Technological Info Factors

Power Plant Installed Capacity • 438 kW

Capacity Factor • 100% +

Cross-Flow Turbine • 85% Efficiency

Control Units • Siemens & European

Electricity Storage • N/A

Transmission Line • National-Grid Standards

• 30kva MV Line

• Developer Contract

• National PowerCo Ownerships

Distribution Grid • Project Designed to include Mini-Grid

(All Plants Connected to National-Grid)

National Grid Reasoning • Unforeseen rapid national-grid expansion

• Increased Financial Viability (Banks now insist on

IPP PPA’s with National Utility (EWSA))

National Grid Management • Pre-payment Meters

KEY LESSONS LEARNED

1. Private Plants perform better than Public Plants (Including Community-Run Plants)

2. Grid-Connected Plants are easier to become viable and sustainable than isolated ones

3. Conducive Regulatory Frameworks lead to

greater Private Sector contributions to both Power Supply & Distribution

Hydro-based Mini-Grids

….

A Viable Off-Grid

Solution?

MINIGRID SUCCES FACTORS

The following are the 5 key factors required to DEVELOP a viable private sector led minigrid project

driven from Micro-Hydro or Mini-Hydro Power:

1. Financially Viable Business Plan

2. Robust Technical Plan

3. Coherant & Favorable Policy Environment

4. Strong Plant Ownership Arrangements

5. Expertise (Technical & Management)

Page 51: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

MHP DEVELOPMENT PROCESS GAP

1 • Site Identification

2 • Planning

3 • Financing & Procurement

4 • Construction

5 • Operations & Maintenance

FROM GAP TO OPPORTUNITY

Learning from our experience ….

Although no-minigrids were constructed as a result of

all plants being connected to the National Grid, the conditions/concepts are highly relevant for replicating

1. Local Capacity: Now sufficient to build 2nd plant

2. Private Ownership: Operate it or go bankrupt!

3. Subsidies Work: Great for Developer & Gov’t

4. Regulatory Framework: Conducive for IPPs

5. Private Focus on Viability Conditions

MARKET TRENDS (RWANDA)

Rwanda is “open” to micro-hydro AND mini-grids:

1. Strong Regulatory Environment

2. Strong & Increased Private Sector Interest

3. All 20+ public micro hydro plants will be privatized

4. Off-grid connections are sought for 52% of Rwandan Households (1.2 M) – (Solar PV & HydroPower)

5. Over 300 Micro-Hydro Sites available

6. Over 200 are PicoHydro Sites (10 Off-grid projects are now operational)

� 0-5kw – 70+ Sites

� 5-25kw – 90+ Sites� 25-50kw – 40+ Sites

7. Technical & Financial Support Development Agencies� GIZ EnDev Program

� GVEP International

NEXT STEPS

Successful Mini/Micro-Hydro Minigrids will arise from creating success stories …

1. Increase Awareness of the Opportunities:

�Greater Private, Public & Agency Dialogue

�Greater East-African Dialogue

�Learning from success in China, Vietnam, Nepal, etc.

2. Implementation of Private-Led Projects:

�Financially Viable Projects with significant subsidies

�Ex: GIZ Results-Based Financing Project (Rwanda)

3. Replicating Success Stories

& Scaling-up from Pico, Micro, Mini to Small HydroPower

Questions?

Contact Information:

Dan Klinck

COO

T +250 784 912 333

E [email protected]

Page 52: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

1

Success factors for mini-grid project development

Wiebke Krüger · RECP – Minigrids Workshop Arusha·5 September 2013

juwi at a Glance

Company structure

Founded in 1996 by Fred Jung and Matthias

Willenbacher (juwi), pioneers for renewable

energies with agricultural roots

juwi AG is an owner-managed group of companies

and not listed on the stock exchange

Total capacity and energy output

~ 2,500 megawatt (approx. 2,200 systems)

~ 4.5 billion kWh, (approx 1.3 Mio EU- households)

Investment volume (since 1996)

Around 5.2 billion Euro

Employees & turnover

~ 1,600 employees (worldwide)

~ 1.1 billion Euro in 2012

Passionately work together to implement

renewable energies economically and reliably.

juwi headquarters in Wörrstadt

Our vision - 100% renewable energy

Our off-grid power solutions

Framework conditions

Identification

Steps of project development

PlanningFinancing / Procurement

Implementation/ Construction

Operation

… of special importance for mini-grids

The technical design has to follow the local demand and the given resources at the specific site.

The operator has to have a long-term interest and be involved in the planning phase.

Project Development System Integrator

Investment objects – Mini-grids as business

Owner: Equity investors create IPPs and SPPs

Financing: Risk capital and commercial banks

Developer: Local professionals with expertise in

energy, legal, commercial, environmental regulations

Precondition: lucrative operation model and

developed market with stable conditions (FiT, PPA,

tender rounds)

Turnkey technical solutions /EPC

Civil, electrical engineering

Statics

Supply Chain Management

Grid connection/construction

Construction Management

Commissioning

Efficiency consulting (Load profile)

Dimensioning of hybrid generation

Export, Import

Precondition: experience, technical

know-how � references

Own consumption – Mini-grids as enabler

Owner: public, NGOs, industries

Financing: public budget, foundations, development aid, corporate financing

Developer: administration, NGO, industry with (local) installer/EPC

Success factors:

Willingness and contribution at community level (application for electrification, committees, land)

Energy audit

Energy Efficiency measures

Measured knowlegde base for RE resources (wind map, hydro)

Streamline information and avoid double efforts

How to:

Feasibility study and site identification at national level

Integration of local politicians

Radio Talks, visits, hands on trainings

Identification

Page 53: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

2

Operation

Ownership & Responsibility

Billing and tariffs

Financing model

Involvement of local

community

Involvement of local

private sector

Growth strategy

Operation Model =

Business PlanService model

Planning ofoperationmodel

Maintenance

Financing / Procurement

Success Factors:

Well elaborated business plan with lucrative return of investment

Though a financing gap is observed between 0.1€ - 5 Mio € investment

Bundling of several mini-grid projects as possible solution

Well elaborated specifications and invitation for bids (short, background information)

>8 weeks preparation time for bids

Requirement of local content and references

Ensure that goods are available on local market or can be imported (Bureau of standards)

Quality control at various steps, certified products

Implementation/ Construction

Success factors:

Knowledge transfer on a personal level – cooperation between international and local companies

Operators and O&M company have personally to be involved in construction

Responsibility between different contractors clearly defined

Skilled workforce through training on hardware

Realistic delivery times and avoid end-of-the-year-rally

Operation

Successful operation through local long-term committement, sustainable operation model and skilled

operators

Key factors for success

Every mini-grid project has to start with a profound analysis of demand and resources. The technical

layout follows the given constraints.

Feasibility studies and demand analysis on national level are favorable.

Project development is a very local business. Target project developers are based in the country.

To reach scale private investment is needed. Lucrative, sustainable business models are

precondition for private project development.

Know-ledge transfer and capacity building happens on a personal working level � encourage long

term cooperation between companies and training through pilot projects

11 12

Wiebke Krügerjuwi international GmbH

Energie-Allee 155286 Wörrstadt

Tel. +49. (0)6732. 96 57-3022

[email protected]

Thank you for your attention!

Page 54: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

3

The Technical Data

13

Component Size

Solar Modules 11 kWp polycrystalline

PV Inverters 11kW

Batteries 10 kWh (2020 Ah, 48V)

Battery Inverters 5 kW

Grid 1km radius, 230V /400V

AC connection box Load shedding, expandable

Page 55: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

����������A��B����CD�DEFADB��A�������D����BD

����D����D��

�����D����DA����A��B�������

�������AF���B����� A��������D� ���!����"#�$�������D

�CD�%�B���D��&��AD'A��'D�

���������AB

� �������������A���BCBD�EF����B�B���B���D�����AE���FA����D�����

� �C�D��ACFB��A�������A���B�� B�FA�

� !��B��FD���"""����BCCA��D�C#��A�F�EB��B�C�C�BD��DE��CC�$�EA�ABC�A��%��AD��&�B�CBDC��BCB�EB�A��'�����#�(DCFA�)���� *#�+����#� ,�DA�D������AC���D�D

���������ABC

- ��B�)����.��B�

- /B),�D������DE�AEBC

- 0D�A�D�C�D�����D�C����

- ���A����B���

- (D�B��D����/!�

- *�A�D�B���AE�

- 1A���BEF����)�

- 2�EAD��+�D�C����D�A��

���AC���D�D��3

DEEF�������ACC���C�A�����������C�B

��A�D��������A���D��A����AC4��

� ��B��FB�B�E�C��B��BE�A�B�D����B�AD��B�����)�A��B�BE��AEA���C,���C��,�A��C��FD��ED���BB���FB��BCB������,�,�B��BB�C#�D�B�C�EAD����DEEB�D��B#�A�C�A�,�A��D�����AD��B�D���B��A����B��D�����BCA�D��B5

� ���FBCB���ED��C��,�A��C�FD�B��FB�CED�A�)�,�D����B�AED�A�����B��AD�C�D���ED���FBCB�C��,�A��C��B����,)F������FB��DA�C��BD�������A�B��B�BE��AEA���DEEBCC�A���FB��B�B��A�)������5

���'������ ���D'BC '�' (

DEEF������A�����������B�C�������������B

���� �����

CABD

ABCDEBF�C���FB����A���

��C��

��D��

����B��

��CD

��FB�

�FB��

��C�E���D

1980 1990 - 2000 2010 …….

�B�A���C�����D

� ��)��*D��D���!+,,�"• ��(�����BF�B�����A�����-�BD��AD� ��B�F���A�D��.CD�DEFADB��

� �����AD�D������E+,,/�• 0�D1�A�����A1D������DF�D�������A�1DB�������AD�D�����������

����A���B������2�1�A�C����

• $���D������A�3 DA�B�-�A�F���A�D����B�BD��AD� �D���E �AD--�������B���ACD��B����B����C � ������ ���D����D������� C�A��

� � A�������AD-D��D������D���!+,,4"• ������A�D5�B��D��AD� ��B�2���A�D���!��2"�����������DB�A�B�

���A��FADB��6����D���D������-��D���

� $�D����� A�������AD-D��D���)���C��!+,,4"�• ������A�D5�B��D��AD� ��B�2���A�D���!��2"��B�) ����

� $�D����)��A�*D��D���!+,,7"• �,,,�*8����+,�9��B�+,,,�*8����+,++��-��--EFADB����D��

�������A��������E�B�A!���� E�F��C������F�BF����

� �D����A��-�*D�DE2ADB������C�

� �DA������A�CD�DEFADB���CCD��D���B�D���D���D���D��) �B�A��������B��

� )���E�-E���EA�������C�B��DF���1D�����B AD�F�DC���C����D���:� ����-���C�������

� *�����������A�D1��C�B����-���A1D���B��D1�A��

� ��1��1�C�����-��������CC �D���-A�C�����D�F���F�

� ���D��������A��-A�C��DC������DC�

� �A� �B�4,,,�1D��F�����1�A�B���A� F��CD�DEFADB�#���A1D�F�C�A������4,#,,,�;;�

� * ��D������������F��B����B

Page 56: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

+

��������E�F��������C����

� � CD�DEFADB D� � �����AD�D�� BD��AD� �D�� �����A(���A�D�F ���D���� ����� �� (<# �A�1DBD�F�����AD�D�� �� ����D5�B ��CC �D�� �B B�AD1�������AD�D�� -A�C BD1�A�� A�F� �- �C�� ����F���A��A� �D�F A������� ���AF� ��������FD���D�� �A �D��� � D�� ��� ���AF�'

"���F����C

� �D���A��=��A��=

� ���D�����8� ���(8�

� ��������FD��

� )��A��<

� >D�C���F�D-D�A�

� *D�D.CD�A����BA�

� >D�F�.�D��- ��

� 0� ������CC �D���C�F�B

� =�1�A��A� �B��,����4,,��� �����B�#������#��A�B ��D1��CD�A������A�AD�������'�

������F���������F�BF���

� �����D����#�CD�DEFADB���1��������A�-�AA�B�D��C��������-�A�A�C����A����1�A�����A����D����� �����);)#�

� ��CD�DEFADB���A�1DB�������AD�D�����A1D����-�A��DF��D�F�:�-�A�����AD�F�1AD� �����D����#����A���);)�����D������A�1DB��������DF��D�F���A1D���

� =��� ���A���C����A�B ��D1�����D��D����

� ?AF�D��D�����#�C�FD�F�CD�DEFADB��A����D�A���C�A�B����D�BD1DB �������C��B ��������DA�����A�D��B����A�D�����A� F����A���A�D���D� �D����AA�F�C�����

������������E�F������

��F�����A����� ���!��� �F"��C��� �������C���#�!����$!������!�

� � ����A��A�D��

� >D�C���2�D-D�A

� =���D�F�����D�F��AD�

� ��FD���@ ����A���A

� >D�C���BA�D�F

� ����A��1� �D��

)� A��%�����

Page 57: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

/

E�F���F��E�F��C����%�����!��E��!�

&'(DB(C��C(�)

�B�

Power PlantVEC

System

Supplier

Consumers

Consultant (DPR, system

design, TA support)

Organize VEC

System Engineering.

System Owner

$

Installation &

Commissioning

• System custodian

• O&M • LT line Maintenance

Electricity

Grant from Central Government

Equity by PIA/NGO or Beneficiaries

Revenue: Tariff,

billing, collection

<D��F�����AF��=�CCD�����!<�="�*�B���

)� A��%�����

���A�#ACC��C�E����AB����"��������C���

� ������A�D5�B#��������D��#���1�AD�F�A�C����A��

� 0� ����B�C���D����B����A1�B�

� �DCD��B�������D����B�B A�D����-�� ����

� =�CC �D�������(����B�A�

� ����##�*��!���F�#�������!#��������B��DB�B#�B����BD�F����?:*�������B�8���

� $�����CC�A�D��D���� A�

� ��+��!��F���#�,��-!�������!�

�+��!��#+�

� ���D�D������C����D��A���B�B�C�B��F�������F!��

� )D�F������AF��A��� A������AD�F����-D6�B���B�-�A�-D6�B��DC�

� ���!���. /+�F!��*�!#��1�ABA�����C�������� C�A�

� 2���A�D�����������A�B��DF��@3 �D���D�� �����-����A�����

� �D--D� ����D��?:*���� ����-�A�C�������

� $����D�(�B��������A�B ��D1������A�AD��.DAADF�D���� C���� @/��*������00

1�*���������!�

)� A��%�����

E�F���F��E�F��C����%�����!���F����$�����

)� A��%�����

H : Service Hub

( Base station )-Technician / Helper- Spares / Consumables

V : Villages in the Cluster

Village Cluster

-15 Villages- 50 Customers / Village

��������A��B�C��DEF�����ED���

)� A��%�=����

E�F��C����. ���/��!��!�����

1+�"���$!������!�

Equity investments

Subsidy (optional)

• Generates, transmits & distributes

electricity (BOOM, BOM, BM)• Trains local people to operate gasifiers

• Negotiated tariffs• Billing and revenue collection

• Grievance redressal

Equity

Investors

MNRE

Husk power

Systems

Consumers

Sells electricity on light

point or watt basis

Technology

partner

Design,

I&C

Sign contract

with HPS

=�1�AF��A�B,�1D��F��#�//�(8� �����C�#�AF����1D��F���D���A��,,,���#�CD��+4,�A�B������(���������D���AD--%����B������B�!C+E/.C����.;;�-�A�+E/��DF���#�4ED��A� BD���� ����")���AFD����A���B�-�A���E����-D�� :�1D�D�D��

Page 58: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

E

1���������!��

)� A��%�; �(�����A�)����C�

(!$��!��F������F���!��/!������!���

�=�BD��AD� �D����D����!1���F��1AD���B����BD�F����BD�����"�A �����F�

A��-�����-A�C���������A����(������ �����B���1�A�����A��BD���������

����A��DF���#�C��D�������'�

������D������������

A+FF�F�����!�%�4ED��� A�

BF���������F ����%�C�D4�@ C�B,���A��;;��

����##% C�+E/���A�C����#���AF�B�������A��A�

!,��A�B���B�)��2�,�EBC

� 2��D� .6

� (A����B���7B�B�D���C

� 1A��DCC 7DCA�AB�

� 0���A� 2�C�B�C

!,��A�B���AED�A��C

� *FD�)A�)��D��B��C

� .��B�A�)�E��,�B�C#�

� *FD�)A�)�EB���F��BC

� (D�B��,�A�AED�A���

� !AE���B��B��ACBC

'�ED�B���BD���FB�B�B�)��,�A�A8D�A����A��C�A��D��A��D)B�������A�B�B�BE��AEA���

CB��AEBC�DC�B���FB�E���,�A��9C��BB�

���B��"�����$������

)� A��%������#�+,�+

������E+����'�������

)��-�;����2A� ��#��AC�AF�������D�D����:���BD1DB ���-A�C������ AA� �BD�F�1D��F�������������)*0�:�� �D�D5����A1D����-�A��-��'

)��-�;����2A� ��#��AC�AF�������D�D����:���BD1DB ���-A�C������ AA� �BD�F�1D��F�������������)*0�:�� �D�D5����A1D����-�A��-��'

�����������

� ����������ABC���D �BA��������FA��F������

� E�C�BFA����B�B�����F�C�������C�����B���C�������CAB�B�A��������F�AB�F�A�F��BABC���BA�������F����F�B���A��BC���FC�B��FC�����B��B����CBF�A�����������FA

� �C�����B������B�������B�B���AB���B��

� �B����F�BA�F����D �C�F�����F��FCBA

� ����A���F����F�� ���A�E��B�B��ED������B��

� ?�����B������� �A���A�������G����������CC �D�����B��H�E�������D�����D�(���������D��B��������

� )��D�F� ��C�����B�BD--�A���D��B�A������D�D�D��

� !��B����B�F���B�F��B� ���������A��B����DEF��B��ED����

� "��������F���B�C����B��BB����#B��������B��F�A$�C�B�E��B��F���C%�B�F���D���B����BF����F��&

� $�������BA��������F������F��B�

+E

Page 59: Workshop Report (pdf, 4.9 MB, EN)

4

������������

� $���������'C������� ���E�EFA���E��

� (�F���B�F��BC��C�A���)C*+ ���CB���A��,��F���C�F��

� )�����������F���F�B���-� �B���������B��F����

� .�/��C��C�A�A���B�F�A����B���F���AB�

� ,�BF����F�B���C�C�B�� ��A��E��� ����B�E���� $�����������F��F���F�������F�AAB�B����B��

� ��F�C���������(,.,��������B��,.,

� 0���B�B���F�F�A����CBA�F�F��������A���

��"!�$�����

� )�A1D���B��D1�A��C�B������������A �� A�B�����DB�AD�F����� �D3 �������-�����A�FD����D��D����D������������D��������D������B�E����������AB�C�AB��D�EEFD�F������AA��

� =���AA������A���AD��B�C�B�����-��--EFADB������AD-D��D��#��������E����A��D���A�EB�F����A�D��AF ���C����������A(D�F������A�������CC �D���C�B���

� ���DF�D�F�1AD�����AD--���A �� A�������DB�AD�F��������B�B��������������F��������FA��B�E���F��FE�F��

� )�A��F�A�F ���A��:����D���A�FDC��� ���A���B�1����C�����-��A�������@ �B��B�B��������E�BE��F���������F���B�

� $��B������B�����D���D���DB����E��������D����FABE�-�A��--���D1��CD��������:�1D�D�D����-����A�D��

&���!$��"�#���E�F��C���

#A�A��%F�&BC����AA�C�

• ���������

• �AAB��CD����• �E����• F�D�����

����

#A�A��'�F����������A��CAC�

• ����CB��B�����D�����BA������A�C�D��������������� �C���

• �B���C���D����C�������

• ��BCD����� C����� �B�����C���������C���

• ������ ���������

• �������C��D������B�������• !�D�������� �����

#A�A��(F�"��A���C���A����AA�C�

• "������A����C��D������

D���D����D�C���#����DC��C��������D�������C��

• �������BC��$��D����CD�����#��

%&'(�B�D���• )�D������

������������AB��

���������AB���C����D��EF�D����� �����FDACA�B�

�*DC����D�� �

CD���E�F�������D�DFE�D�����������������������

��E�������EA�����B� �

�*DC����D �� �

�D�DFE�D�����������������D��E�D��

�����������FBC�����

EA�����B�

�*DC����D ������D��������

AD�E��� #��A���+

������

�B�����$����

����

�D-��D���������A�B ��D1�������=��� C��D1���