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WORLD BANK. TCP Design (THIN CONCRETE PAVEMENTS) Juan Pablo Covarrubias Washington 2008. Type of Pavement we are Talking About. PERFORMANCE OF CONCRETE PAVEMENTS. The basic performance principles of Concrete Pavements - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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WORLD BANK
TCP Design(THIN CONCRETE PAVEMENTS)
Juan Pablo Covarrubias
Washington2008
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Type of Pavement we are Talking About
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PERFORMANCE OF CONCRETE PAVEMENTSThe basic performance principles of Concrete Pavements
In Chile, the slabs are always curled with the edges lifted up, day and night.
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DEFORMATION OF A SLAB15 cm thick, 4 m. long
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EFFECT OF SUBGRADE STIFFNESSArmaghani 1993
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EFFECT OF SUBGRADE STIFFNESSNot bonded (polyethylene)
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EFFECT OF SLAB LENGTHcantilever1/3 Lcantilever1/3 Lcantilever1/4 Lcantilever1/4 LLength 4,5 m. cantilever = 1,13 mLength 1,8 m. Cantilever = 0,45 m
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EFFECT OF SLAB LENGTH ON SHRINKAGE AND CURLINGa > 1
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EFFECT OF SLAB LENGTH ON CURLING
450 cm x350 cmThickness= 18 cmDelta T=-14 C LinearCurling = 2.41 mm140 cm x175 cmThickness= 18 cmDelta T=-14 C LinearCurling = 0.49 mm
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SLAB LENGTH AND CURLINGHolland 20023,8 m4,5 m
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EFFECT OF TIE BARS ON CRACKING OF SLABSHiller and Springenschmid, 2004
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Development of the Designby TCPavementsResearch at the University of IllinoisGenerate Design Method.Coordinate tests at international level
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Loads of Trucks on SlabsMinimum Requirement for TCP design:Maximum slab length less than L Maximum slab width less than Dx (1/2 lane)
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LOADING OF LONG AND SHORT SLABS
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Efect of Loads and Slab Geometry on Stresses
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One Axel at the EdgeX
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LOADS AND STRESSES ON A SLAB WHITH ROCKING
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RELATION: length - thickness - tensile stress
Sheet4
Sheet1
RELACION TENSION - LARGO DE LOSA
L (cm)Lh (cm) (kg/cm2)ancho (cm)Momento (kg/cm2)P por eje para apoyar losa
500500155335014944052310.41
50012673501196504184
5001080350996603487
5008100350797752790
45045020323501614246277
45015433501211324708
4501254350968403766
4501065350807483138
450881350646612511
45025263502018197846
4004001534350956264184
4001243350765323348
4001051350638382790
400864350510482232
3502020350976154882
3503501526350732203661
3501233350586242929
3501039350488292441
350849350391371953
1751751571751835458
1751281751466366
17510101751227305
175812175989244
120120153120862215
120124120693172
120105120573143
12086120464115
L (cm)Lh (cm)ancho (cm)Momento (kg/cm2)
450450.0020350161424
450.0015350121132
450.001235096840
450.001035080748
450.00835064661
3503502035097615
350.001535073220
350.001235058624
350.001035048829
350.00835039137
175175.00151751835
175.00121751466
175.00101751227
175.008175989
120120.0015120862
120.0012120693
120.0010120573
120.008120464
5002535030763010767
500203502461378613
500153501846496460
500123501477625168
500103501230744307
5008350984923445
450253502492249690
450203501993307752
450153501495405814
450123501196504651
45010350997603876
4508350797753101
400253501969198613
400203501575246891
400153501181325168
40012350945394134
40010350788473445
4008350630592756
350253501507147537
350203501206186029
35015350904244522
35012350724303618
35010350603363015
3508350482452412
1752517537741884
1752017530151507
1751517522661131
175121751818904
175101751519754
175817512111603
120251201772886
120201201422709
120151201063532
12012120854425
12010120714354
1208120575284
L (cm)height (cm) (kg/cm2)width (cm)Moment (MPa)Axel load for (kg)
5002535030763010767
500203502461378613
500153501846496460
500123501477625168
500103501230744307
5008350984923445
450253502492249690
450203501993307752
450153501495405814
450123501196504651
45010350997603876
4508350797753101
400253501969198613
400203501575246891
400153501181325168
40012350945394134
40010350788473445
4008350630592756
350253501507147537
350203501206186029
35015350904244522
35012350724303618
35010350603363015
3508350482452412
1752517537741884
1752017530151507
1751517522661131
175121751818904
175101751519754
175817512111603
120251201772886
120201201422709
120151201063532
12012120854425
12010120714354
1208120575284
Sheet2
Length (m)Length (cm)Thickness (cm)Moment (MPa) (MPa)
4.5450252492242.4
4.5450201993303.0
4.5450151495404.0
4.5450121196505.0
4.545010997606.0
4.54508797757.5
1.751752537740.4
1.751752030150.5
1.751751522660.6
1.751751218180.8
1.751751015190.9
1.751758121111.1
Sheet3
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EFFECT OF SLAB LENGTH ON CURLING AND OWN WEIGHT STRESSES
450 cm x350 cmThickness= 18 cmDelta T=-14 C LinearTop Tensile stress= 1.40 MPa140 cm x175 cmThickness= 18 cmDelta T=-14 C LinearTop Tensile stress= 0.18 MPa
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Project in GuatemalaSlabs 4,5 m x 3,5 m x 24 cm
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Project in Guatemala Slabs 1,8 m x 2,1 m x 15 cm
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Summary Guatemala Project Thin slabs with 30 cm widening
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FINITE ELEMENTS ANALISIS
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Thicknesses for Same Stresses and Slab Lengthcmcm
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LOAD POSITION AND SLAB SIZE
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Top and Bottom Stresses for Length and Thickness
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CHARACTERISTICS of TCP DesignSmall slabs (1,8 by 2.4 meters)Granular base (fines < 6%) 15 cm thickImpermeable layer between the sub grade and sub base, if neededThin joint cut (2 mm thick)No joints sealing No dowel bars or tie barsLateral confinement with curb, shoulder or vertical steel pinsWidened outer lane (30 cm)
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DesignDesign method being used:
Design with AASHTO with normal slab size (4.5 m long)Determine by finite elements the stresses within the concrete of the slab for the AASHTO designCalculate slab thickness by iteration with ISLAB2000 with the new configuration of slab size and wheel positions (one set of wheels on each slab) to obtain the same stresses than the AASHTO design.
The result, by using this new design approach, is a thinner concrete pavement with the same stresses as AASHTO design
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Construccion Cost
TCPH TradicionalAsfaltoEE DiseoEspesorCosto Km-PistaEspesorCosto Km-PistaH-TCP% AhorroEspesorCosto Km-PistaAsf-TCP% Ahorro 50,000 8cm $ 69,041 - --- 5cm $ 71,808 $ 2,767 4% 100,000 8cm $ 75,000 - --- 7cm $ 86,000 $ 11,000 13% 1,250,000 10cm $ 81,715 15cm $ 113,400 $ 31,685 28% 9cm $ 101,803 $ 20,089 20% 3,000,000 12cm $ 94,389 18cm $ 132,411 $ 38,022 29% 10cm $ 116,165 $ 21,776 19% 15,000,000 15cm $ 113,400 22cm $ 160,000 $ 46,600 29% 13cm $ 137,389 $ 23,989 17% 68,000,000 18cm $ 132,411 28 cm $ 195,782 $ 63,371 32% 18cm $ 186,889 $ 54,478 29% 160,000,000 22 cm $ 157,759 30 cm $ 208,456 $ 50,696 24% 22cm $ 216,885 $ 59,126 27%
*Prices from Chile
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Long Term Costs:
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Research at U. de Illinois
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Sub Grade CBR 3%
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Geotextile and Granular Base
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Granular Base less 6% Fines
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Concrete Slabs finished
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ATLAS Machine
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ATLAS Machine
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Experiences
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Constructed Projects
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Guatemala
BM3 Acceso CA9 Sur (Puente Villalobos)DescriptionStart Year: end 2005Length: 1.68km120.000.000 Esals15 years designCiudad de Guatemala, GuatemalaHighwayPavement structure21 cm thickGranular base and asphalt base14.40m to 21.60m Witdh
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GuatemalaRuta CA-01 Occidente Ciudad San Cristobal - San Lucas (Road to Antigua)DescriptionYear 2006Length: 11.07km80.000.000 EsalsCiudad de Guatemala Sacatepquez, GuatemalaHighwayPavement Structure17cm thickGranular base and asphalt base14.40m Witdh
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Configuration of Sugar Cane Vehcle (VCMEM)
Hoja1
MODELADO DE VEHICULO TIPO
TOTAL
No. de Ejes11111117
No. de Neumticos288444434
Peso eje (TON)6242020202020130
LIBRAS
6.614.114.19999
ESAL0.68301345548.39399132854.048028225624.386526444124.386526444124.386526444124.3865264441110.671138786
1.00E+08
22
4545454.54545455
3863636.36363636
FEQ (Losa e=29 pt=2)0.25512.56.076.076.076.076.0743.105
FEQ (Losa e=26 pt=2)0.255512.46.066.066.066.066.0642.9555
FEQ (Losa e=29 pt=2.5)0.25512.112.145.2545.2545.2545.25205.455
FEQ (Losa e=26 pt=2.5)0.25511.95.925.925.925.925.9241.755
FEQ (Losa e=29 pt=2)0.25512.512.449.5249.5249.5249.52223.235
FEQ (Losa e=26 pt=2)0.255512.212.248.0748.0748.0748.07216.9355
29
31
30.2
Hoja1 (2)
MODELADO DE VEHICULO TIPO
TOTAL
No. de Ejes11111117
No. de Neumticos288444434
Peso eje (TON)6242020202020130
LIBRAS
6.614.114.19999
ESAL0.68301345548.39399132854.048028225624.386526444124.386526444124.386526444124.3865264441110.671138786
1.00E+08
22
4545454.54545455
3863636.36363636
FEQ (Losa e=29 pt=2)0.25512.56.076.076.076.076.0743.105
FEQ (Losa e=26 pt=2)0.255512.46.066.066.066.066.0642.9555
FEQ (Losa e=29 pt=2.5)0.25512.112.145.2545.2545.2545.25205.455
FEQ (Losa e=26 pt=2.5)0.25511.95.925.925.925.925.9241.755
FEQ (Losa e=29 pt=2)0.25512.512.449.5249.5249.5249.52223.235
FEQ (Losa e=26 pt=2)0.255512.212.248.0748.0748.0748.07216.9355
29
31
30.2
VCMAN
ESQUEMA DEL VEHCULO VCMAN
TOTAL
Nmero de Ejes11111117
Nmero de Neumticos288888850
Peso Mximo (Ton)6242020202020130
Ejes Equivalentes a 18,000 lbs0.25512.56.076.076.076.076.0743.105
Longitud (m)18101038
VCMEC
VCMAM
TOTAL
Nmero de Ejes1111111119
Nmero de Neumticos28888888866
Peso Mximo (Ton)62420202020202020170
Ejes Equivalentes a 18,000 lbs0.25512.56.076.076.076.076.076.076.0755.245
Longitud (m)1810101048
VCMEM
TOTAL
Nmero de Ejes11111117
Nmero de Neumticos288888850
Peso Mximo (Ton)6292525252525160
Ejes Equivalentes a 18,000 lbs0.263115.915.915.915.915.9111
Longitud (m)18101038
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Tensions with Sugar Cane Vehicle (VCMEM)
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ConclutionTCP design allows for:Reduction in thickness, reducing construction costs and keeping the normal performance as traditional designIncrease of axel loads, reducing transportation costs, congestion and contamination.
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THANK YOU
www.tcpavements.com
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