world health threats. aim: what diseases cause the most deaths along the dtm? do now: predict which...
TRANSCRIPT
WORLD HEALTH THREATS
AIM: WHAT DISEASES CAUSE THE MOST DEATHS ALONG THE DTM?
• DO NOW: Predict which kinds of diseases would be most prevalent for each of the following stages along the DTM • Stage 1&2• Stage 3&4• Stage 5
• SWBAT define the epidemiologic transition and identify the diseases correlated with stages of the DTM
• SWBAT identify the types of diffusion used to spread disease
• Evaluate whether stage 5 will see a resurgence of diseases
KEY TERMS
• Epidemic Transition: distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition • Pandemic: disease that occurs over a wide
geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the pop
STAGE 1: PESTILENCE AND FAMINE
• Infectious/Parasitic diseases=main causes of death• Ex: Black Plague/Bubonic Plague in the 1300s• 1/2 Europe’s population dies
Q: WHAT TYPE(S) OF DIFFUSION?
• Hearth: Kyrgyzstan • First it diffused to an Italian trading post when a
Tartar army attacked• Then, it diffused to Europe when Italians fled
carrying rat infested ships• In Europe it spread from the coast to inland
towns, and then to rural areas
STAGE 2: RECEDING PANDEMICS
• Industrial Revolution overall reduces disease rates• Improvements in sanitation, nutrition, medicine
• At first, though rates were especially high among poor people in the city• EX: Cholera • ½ million deaths in NYC in 1832
DR. SNOW MAPS CHOLERA
STAGE 3: DEGENERATIVE/HUMAN CREATED DISEASES
• Decrease in infectious deaths; increase in chronic disorders (usually from aging). • Cardiovascular diseases like heart attacks• Cancer
STAGE 4: DELAYED DEGENERATIVE DISEASE
• Major causes of death (cancer/ cardiovascular diseases) persist, but people live longer due to medical advancements • Cancer treatments • Bypass operations • Reduced tobacco use• Better diet
STAGE 5: REEMERGENCE OF INFECTIOUS/PARASITIC DISEASES
• Controversial! • Possible
reemergence due to• Evolution of
antibiotics • Antibiotic resistant
viruses
• Poverty• Improved Travel • Anti-vaxxers (recent
trend)
• “I would advise any new parent to roll their child on the floor of the New York subway” –Chris Mason, geneticist at Cornell
“NEW” INFECTIOUS DISEASES
• H1N1/Swine Flu• Global diffusion matched airline travel patterns • Hearth: Mexico
AIDS
• 90% of people living with HIV are in LDCs• Sub-Saharan Africa • 1/10th population, but 2/3rds of all HIV population