world history with miss bunnell · web view“god will save you simple because god is merciful”...
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World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation
What was it?
o A __________________________________movement that divided
the western “Church” into two groups.
o What were the two groups? __________________________________
Why did it happen?
o The changes in intellectual thought brought about in the Renaissance.
o Knowledge of ________________ in the Catholic Church led to
challenges of the Pope’s authority.
Christian Humanists
The classical learning of the Renaissance spread the idea of “humanism”
into religion.
Christian Humanists believed in the ____________ of human beings to
_____________ and improve themselves, especially in matters of faith.
Believed…
o If people read the classics and become more intelligent, then read and
_______________ the ___________, they would become more pious.
“Pious” = __________________________________
o In order to change society and religion, they must first change the
_______________ who makeup society.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Protestant Reformation
Desiderius Erasmus Who was he? A Christian Humanist.
Believed his view of religion would be the “_________________________”
Thought that Christianity should show people how to live _______________
on a daily basis, rather than provide a _______________________________
that people had to practice in order to be saved.
Thought pilgrimages and fasts were not important.
Criticized the ___________ of the Catholic Church.
o ___________________ want to break away from the Church!
1509: Wrote The Praise of Folly
o _____________________ made fun of society, but pointed out what
needed to be _________________.
Corruption in the Catholic Church
Many men were joining the clergy to _______________________________
rather than because of their faith.
o Had secret spouses and children.
1450-1520: Had a series of Renaissance _____________ who failed to meet the Church’s spiritual needs.
o Acted more like _______________________________________
o Example: Pope Julius II (“warrior Pope”) led armies against his enemies.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Protestant Reformation
Many parish priests were ________________ of the ___________________ and could not help ordinary citizens.
Citizens desired __________________ and began keeping ____________
(symbols of Christ) as a way to gain entrance into Heaven.
The Church also sold _____________________: certificates that promised
_____________________________________________________________
o Made lots of $$$$$!!
Martin Luther (1483-1546)
Who was he? A __________ and professor in Wittenberg, Germany.
Concluded that neither ____________nor __________ could provide salvation.
Believed that only ___________________ could save you. Based much of
his arguments from the Book of ______________ in the New Testament.
Thought that each person should _______________________________ the Bible on their own.
o “God will save you simple because God is merciful” – Martin Luther
1517: Nailed his _________________________________ to a church door.
o Spoke out against ____________________________________.
o Thousands of copies were made and spread all over Germany.
For his writings, the Pope excommunicated Luther from the Catholic Church(1521).
o Holy Roman Emperor, _______________, made Luther and outlaw
(_______________________).
o Frederick of Saxony protected Luther.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Protestant Reformation
Rise of Protestantism “Protestant” means you’re still a _________________, you’re just not
Catholic.
The first Protestants were called ______________________ because they believed in the religious view of Martin Luther.
Protestantism…
o Focuses on __________________ to gain salvation.
o Holy services were for _______________ and ________________
application of faith in life.
Bible readings, preaching to understanding, and song.
Believe that the _____________ is the only source of religious truth!
War of Christianity
o Kept ________________________ & ________________________
o Believe clergy should ___________ and be a model of Christian marriage.
Charles V (Holy Roman Emperor & King of Spain) began a __________ over
Christianity in order to keep his ______________________________.
o The German states sided with ____________________.
Charles V realized he _____________________ the war he began and sought peace.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Protestant Reformation
Peace of Augsburg 1555: Signed the Peace of Augsburg
o Formally accepted the division of Christianity in Germany.
o German states were free to ___________ between Catholicism and Lutheranism. NOT the right of ____________________!
John Calvin
Who was he? A Protestant from France.
Wrote Institutes of the Christian Religion.
Calvinists became very active in trying to spread the faith.
o Utilizes ____________________________ to motivate salvation.
1536, Geneva: Created a ___________________ (a group in the government that punished people for violating religious morals).
Similar to Luther… Different from Luther…
“___________________________________”
God pre-determines who will go to
_________________ and who will go to
_________________
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Protestant Reformation
o Crimes = Dancing, obscene songs, drunkenness, swearing, and playing cards.
Reformation in England
o Wanted to marry ______________________________.
o Divorce was not allowed in the Catholic Church.
o The Pope was unwilling to annul the marriage.
King Henry VIII used the English Court system to end his marriage and
eventually broke away from the Catholic Church and made the
_______________________________ ("Anglican Church”).
o _________ became the head of the church.
Side Note About England…
King Henry VIII’s daughter, Mary (daughter from Catherine of Aragon), would later become Queen of England.
Because of her deep Spanish Catholic roots, she will try to revert England back to Catholicism.
Burned Protestants at the stake and received the nick name “Bloody Mary.”
Anabaptists
In general, Lutherans allowed the government to play a role in church affairs.
But people like the Anabaptists ________________ with that idea.
Not so much about religion, more about ______________.
King ________________ wanted to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon.
o Had 1 daughter, but no son.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Protestant Reformation
o Believed in ______________________________ of church and state.
Beliefs…
o All people are made ______________.
Elected their own _______________________.
o Did not bear arms or ________________ because of full belief in
“thou shalt not kill.”
Anabaptists were considered radicals and would be persecuted by both Catholics and other Protestants.
Women During the Reformation
The shift from Catholicism eliminated the connection between holiness and celibacy.
o “_______________________,” meaning infants and children are
__________ baptized because they have not personally made the
choice to follow God.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Protestant Reformation
Promoted __________, ______________, and _______________________
between husband and wife.
Women were given _______________ explanation for their roles.o Proverbs 31, 2 Peter
The change promoted the idea that God had ___________________ certain qualities/duties to women that were not entrusted to men.
Protestants and Catholics have a different view of the Virgin Mary… how?
o Protestants view Virgin Mary as a ________________________ who
was an _________________________ of God; NOT a divine entity to
be prayed to.
Why pray to a person who cannot Save you?
According to Luther and Calvin, Mary is the example that women are a part of God’s plan.
Observing Mary as anything more than a woman is committing _________________.
World HistoryTeacher: Miss BunnellThe Protestant Reformation
Catholic Reformation The strength of the Protestant Reformation made the Catholic Church
consider serious changes.
1545:________________________________________
o Group of Catholic leaders who met off-and-on to decide changes.
o Affirmed traditional Catholic beliefs Faith, good works, tithing
o 7 sacraments, Communion, and Celibacy of clergy
o Belief in ________________ (lost between Heaven & Hell)
o _______________________________________________________
Because of the Council of Trent, the Catholic Church now had a clear doctrine of religion and appropriate practices.
o Revived _________________and _______________ in the Pope’s
leadership.