world map (physical features). se asia / pacific
TRANSCRIPT
World Map (Physical Features)
SE Asia / Pacific
Indonesia
Indonesia (Active Volcanoes)
Indonesian Music Examples
• Example 1
• Example 2
• Example 3
• Example 4
Paris World’s Fair (1889)
Paris World’s Fair(main promenade)
Indonesian Dancers
Dutch Exhibition at1889 Paris World’s Fair
From a Dutch magazine describing the “colonial exhibition” at the Paris World’s Fair (1889).
Gamelan(1889 Paris World’s Fair)
Columbian Exposition(Chicago, 1893)
Java Village (“Dutch Settlement”)at Columbian Exposition
Chicago Gamelan
Gamelan Instruments
• Struck Idiophones (majority / most important)- gongs- metalophones- xylophones
• Membranophone (a few)
• Chordophone (even fewer)
• Aerophone (even fewer)
Gamelan in Action
• See Gamelan: Instruments of the Gamelan for a “map” of the Gamelan and an interactive description of the instruments
Three Basic Layers
• Balungen = “Nuclear Melody” – the basic “tune” (played one pitch per beat) [“skeletal melody” in textbook]
• “Colotomic Structure” = “metrical structure” of Balungen (marked at end by largest gong)
• “Elaboration” = fastest moving upper parts, division of the Baungen into smaller units
Gong ageng (largest suspended)
Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Gong & Kempul
Kenong (largest cradled gong)
Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques – Kenong
(start 1:45)
Kempul (smaller suspended)
Ex: YouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Gong & Kempul
Ketuk (small cradled gong)
Ex: YouTube - Gamelan - Kempyang & Ketuk
Nuclear Melody(Sarons & Slentem)
SlentemYouTube - Central Javanese Gamelan Playing Techniques - Saron
Elaboration
Bonang Gambang (wooden bars)Ex: YouTube - Gamelan - Gambang
Gender Barung (lower pitch) Gender Panerus (higher pitch)
TUNINGS & SCALES
• SLENDRO (front) = 5 notes (pentatonic)
C D E G A(or use piano black keys)
• PELOG (side) = 7 notes (sounds “minor”)
E F G Bb B C D
Colotomic Structure of BUBARAN
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16
Gong ageng marks “Gongan”
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 15 GONG
kenong marks “kenongan”
1 2 3 Kenong
5 6 7 Kenong
9 10 11 Kenong
13 14 15 GONGKenong
Kempul divides “Gatra”
1 Kempul 3 Kenong
5 Kempul 7 Kenong
9 Kempul 11 Kenong
13 Kempul 15 GONGKenong
Ketuk punctuates odd beats
Ketuk Kempul Ketuk Kenong
Ketuk Kempul Ketuk Kenong
Ketuk Kempul Ketuk Kenong
Ketuk Kempul Ketuk GONGKenong
BUBARAN (you perform)
“tuk” (silent) “tuk” “nong”
“tuk” “pul” “tuk” “nong”
“tuk” “pul” “tuk” “nong”
“tuk” “pul” “tuk” “GONG”“nong”
Making Gamelan Instruments
• YouTube - the making of gamelan
• YouTube - Rhythm of the Gamelan Makers.part1
• YouTube - Rhythm of the Gamelan Makers.part2
Uses of the Gamelan• Associated w/ Royalty (private performance)
JVC 9-1 (Bali) , JVC 10-3 (Java)• Accompanies Dance
JVC 9-2 (Bali) – Pendet (welcome dance)JVC 9-3 (Bali) – Baris (Warrior Dance) [Wayang orang = Dance Drama]
• Accompanies Puppet Plays – Wayang kulitJVC 10-2 – Wedding (10 hr performance)
• Tourism (stylized performances)Ex. – Kecak (voice gamelan)JVC 10-1 (Bali) – Ramayana Epic (YouTube - Kecak Dance in Bali)
Wayang Kulit“Shadow Puppet Theater”
• YouTube - Wayang kulit excerpt 1• YouTube - Wayang kulit excerpt 2• YouTube - perang gagal (behind the scene)• YouTube - perang kembang (behind the scene)• YouTube - WAYANG KULIT “GORO-GORO” KI.
ANOM SUROTO 1 OF 11 (additional multiple parts available on YouTube)
Indonesian Dance w/ Gamelan“Gamelan Gong Kebyar”
• YouTube - Gamelan Cudamani
• YouTube - Tari Kebyar Duduk
Indonesian “voice gamelan”“Kecak” (for tourists)
•YouTube - Kecak Dance at Uluwatu Temple, Bali Part 1
•YouTube - Kecak Dance in Bali
•YouTube - Tari Kecak Bali 1