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World War I Mr. Whites US History I, Fall 2012
Day 0 Prep work Read Chapter 19, Section 1, and answer questions #1-3.
Day 1 World War I Begins Read Chapter 19, Section 2, and answer questions #1-3.
Day 2 American Power Tips the Balance Complete, Assignment The Somme.
Day 3 Trenches of Hell Read Chapter 19, Section 3, and answer questions #1-3.
Day 4 The War at Home Read Chapter 19, Section 4, Wilson Presents His Plan. Evaluate Wilsons plan. Is this
workable? Why or why not?
Day 5 Killer Flu Plan to get your flu shot.
Day 6 End of World War I Begin work on Study Guide up to the points we have studied.
Day 7 Paris Peace Conference Read Chapter 18, Section 4, pages 606-609, and answer questions 1-3.
Complete study guide and prepare for quiz.
Day 8 Paris Peace Conference Prepare for quiz.
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Name _______________________________________________ Date ______________________
Cluster/Word Web 3
Write details about your topic in the circles.
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World War I Begins
Mr. Whites US History 1
Main Ideas and Big Questions
World War I was a global war that occurred
mainly in Europe and involved the United States.
Big questions
What were the four main causes of World War I?
What sequence of events led to World War occurring?
What was combat like in World War I?
Why did the United States stay neutral regarding World
War I?
Unification of Germany
The unification of Germany in the 1870s
created political tension in Europe
Germany was now a very powerful nation
in the middle of the continent
France formed an alliance with Britain and
Russia against the German threat
Germany and Austria-Hungary formed an
alliance to counter this threat
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Assassination!
Many Slavic peoples lived in nations where
they did not feel they were represented by
the government nationalism
A Serbian nationalist terrorist group
assassinate Franz Ferdinand, archduke of
Austria
Austria-Hungary makes demands of Serbia,
and a political deadlock follows
War?
Many people thought that war was no longer a useful political tool, and that nations would not be able to use it
If sides rationally thought about it, theyd realize:
The war would cost more in lost trade than any country could gain from winning
Workers had more in common with each other (across national borders) than with their leaders
The war would use up too many resources to continue it long money, men, materiel
Continuing Struggle
The assistance of the United States allowed the war to continue for the Allies well after they had spent all their money
The United States lent money and sold weapons to the Allies as the war went on
As the war continued, both sides sunk more and more into the war As those costs were spent, it became more and
more important so that those men would not have died in vain
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Causes of World War I
Militarism building military to advance interests of ones nation
Alliance system system of secret alliances between nations
Imperialism building an empire by taking over smaller countries
Nationalism devotion to the interest of ones nation over others
MAIN Causes
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Militarism
Since many nations were trying to become empires, they were building up their armies and navies
These were used not just to fight wars, but also in diplomacy - the bigger your army and navy, the more power you had
Nations were very ready to use their armies to get what they wanted
Many nations even had to-the-minute plans ready for the invasion of other nations
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Alliance System
By 1907 there were two major alliance systems in
Europe, in which nations would promise to help
each other in war
Triple Entente France, Britain, Russia
Triple Alliance Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman
Empire, Italy
These countries agreed to help each other if
attacked
What will happen if one country attacks another?
The Alliance System
Alliances
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Imperialism
Many European nations were building empires, just like the U.S.
Countries would take over smaller nations and use them for:
Raw materials
New markets to sell goods
Competition for colonies and resources made rivalries between nations bigger
Nationalism
Nationalism the devotion to the interests
of ones nation over others
Nationalists believed that the ultimate
identity of a person or groups was to their
nation
The politics of the 19th and early 20th
century were influenced by nationalism
This nationalism created intense rivalries
between nations
French Soldiers, also joined by civilians, on
their way to Berlin
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Berlin students on their way to enlist.
British hordes swamp the recruiting office
Trouble Brewing
Bosnia had been taken over by Austria-
Hungary, so Bosnians didnt really like
Austrians
Some Bosnians were really angry, like
Gavrilo Princip and the Black Hand
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The Spark That Sets off the
Powder Keg
January, 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand of
Austria-Hungary visits Sarajevo, the capital of
Bosnia
Gavrilo Princip and the Black Hand successfully
assassinate the Archduke and his wife
Austria-Hungary declares war on Bosnia and
Serbia
Whats going to happen?
The Chain Reaction
Russia, allied with Serbia, mobilizes to help defend, declares war on Austria-Hungary
Germany, allied with Austria-Hungary, declares war on Russia
France, allied with Russia, declares war on Germany
Germany attempts to invade France through Belgium
England, allied with Belgium, declares war on Germany
Combat
Germany first invades France, trying to
capture Paris and end the war quickly
Both sides begin to dig in and entrench
Trench warfare
Sides dig in
Advantage for
the defender
British infantry knee deep in mud
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Trenches
Both sides dug extensive trench systems
Space between was called no-mans land
no man controlled it
Trenches stretched across the entire
battlefield
Attacks were head-on charges to take the
other sides trenches
Trenches
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The Defensive Advantage
Defenders had the advantage in trench warfare why?
New weapons made warfare more deadly
Machine gun high rate of fire, devastating to attacks
Barbed wire obstacle; attackers slowed by it
Gas poisonous gas used to wipe holes in the line; soldiers had to wear masks to protect from this
American Neutrality
Many people in U.S. did not want war
People supported different sides
English common language, culture
Germans Irish; dont like the English
United States begins to supply weapons and
supplies to the war
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M R . W H I T E S U S H I S T O R Y 1
World War I Begins SMART Assessment
Question #1
Which of these small events set off the chain reaction that resulted in World War I in Europe?
A. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
B. The explosion of the Hindenburg zeppelin
C. The sinking of the Lusitania
D. The Zimmerman note
Question #2
What was the name for the type of warfare that took place in Europe in World War I?
A. Guerilla warfare
B. Partisan warfare
C. Trench warfare
D. Limited warfare
Question #3
Which of these was NOT a new danger that World War I soldiers faced?
A. Trench foot
B. Poisonous gas
C. Nuclear weapons
D. All of the above
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Warm-up MAIN Causes
Graphic Organizer
Look at the graphic organizer entitled, Causes of World War I.
The secondary bubbles have been filled in for you with the four main classifications of causes of World War I.
Work individually to fill in the outside bubbles with examples of each of these causes. I have provided an example for you.
When this slide advances, you may work in your group to complete the graphic organizer.
Warm-up MAIN Causes
Graphic Organizer
Now, you may work in groups to
complete your graphic organizer.
You have four minutes.
When this slide advances, please submit
your graphic organizer in the folder in the front of the room.
Warm-up MAIN Causes
Graphic Organizer
Now, please submit your graphic organizer in the folder in the front of the room. You have 30 seconds.
Warm-up MAIN Causes
Graphic Organizer
Times
up!
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America Power Tips
the Balance
Mr. Whites