world war ii: d-day through the bomb and then some…
TRANSCRIPT
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World War II: D-Day through The BombAnd then some…
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Reaction to Pearl HarborAttack Dec. 7, 1941
◦ US declares war on Japan◦ Germany & Italy declare war
on USAParanoia on west coast of
USA◦ Fearful of Japanese espionage
or another attackFDR issues executive order
9066◦ Authorized relocation of
Japanese-American citizens◦ Internment camps
Japanese-Americans face further persecution
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The Tide Turns German failures
in Africa – 1943Battle of
Stalingrad◦ Falls Feb. ‘43◦ Turning point on
Eastern frontAllied invasion of
Italy – 1943◦ Rome & Mussolini
fall 6/4/1944
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D-DayAllied forces begin plans
for a French mainland invasion◦ Operation Neptune &
OverlordProblem: How to deal with
heavy Nazi fortificationsAttack would be on
Normandy Beach – 5 Beach heads◦ Omaha, Sword, Juno, Utah,
Gold2-Wave attack
◦ Air assault/landing◦ Amphibious landing
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Good Fortune @ NormandyHitler thought the main
invasion would happen elsewhere◦ Beaches left less defended
Poor weather conditions◦ Left Germans unsuspecting
Attack commences June 6, 1944
156,000 Allied soldiers land◦ Approximately 10,000
casualties◦ 2500 dead
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The Allied AdvanceSoviet forces advance
from the EastUS/British forces slowly
advance from the West◦ Race to beat the Soviets to
BerlinApril 30, 1945: Hitler kills
himself in private bunker in Berlin◦ Had heard of Mussolini’s
fateGerman forces in Berlin
surrender May 02, 1945
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The Pacific TheaterBy Nov. 1944 US within
bombing range of Japanese mainland
Firebombing of Tokyo◦ +100,000 deaths◦ 1,000,000
wounded/homeless◦ 50% of Tokyo destroyed by
end of WWIISummer of ‘45 – Japanese
still fighting despite no way of countering the Allies
US demanded unconditional surrender!
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Truman’s DecisionFDR dies April 12, 1945
◦ Truman new PresidentTruman is informed of
top secret project◦ “Manhattan Project”
Decision: Use the bomb or invade mainland Japan◦ In hopes of ending the
warPros/ConsTruman uses the bomb!
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The Atomic BombsOnly 2 bombs available
◦ Unsure of effectiveness/results
Hiroshima◦ Aug 6, 1945◦ “Little Boy”◦ 140,000 deaths
Nagasaki◦ Aug 9, 1945◦ “Fat Man”◦ 80,000 deaths
Half die instantlyAug. 14 – Japan surrenders
◦ Allowed to retain emperor
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Fat Man & Little Boy