SS8H9 World War II in Georgia

Activity 1

Create a Thinking map with World War II

in the middle and the following topics as

“arms” of the thinking map

◦ Events leading to WWII

◦ Lean Lease

◦ Bombing of Pearl Harbor

See the next slide to get you started

You should draw this and before

moving on research the 3 areas. The

next slide has great resources

WW II

Why America

got involved

Lend-Lease

Pearl Harbor

Events leading to WWII

When World War II erupted in September 1939, many Americans saw it as a “European” problem and

hoped to stay out of the conflict. As Germany continued to be victorious and take over nation after

nation, the U.S. continued to watch from the sidelines. In the Pacific, Japan was taking over large

portions of China and other countries of southeast Asia, and the U.S. continued to remain neutral.

http://www.historyonthenet.com/ww2/causes.htm

Lend Lease LEND-LEASE ACT

The Lend-Lease Act of March 11, 1941, was the principal means for providing U.S. military aid to foreign nations during World War II. The act authorized the president to transfer arms or any other defense materials for which Congress appropriated money to "the government of any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States." Britain, the Soviet Union, China, Brazil, and many other countries received weapons under this law.

By allowing the president to transfer war material to a beleaguered Britain—and without payment as required by the Neutrality Act of 1939—the act enabled the British to keep fighting until events led America into the conflict. It also skirted the thorny problems of war debts that had followed World War I.

Lend-Lease brought the United States one step closer to entry into the war. Isolationists, such as Republican senator Robert Taft, opposed it. Taft correctly noted that the bill would "give the President power to carry on a kind of undeclared war all over the world, in which America would do everything except actually put soldiers in the front-line trenches where the fighting is."

Bombing of Pearl Harbor

One of the most tragic events in America’s history was the Japanese surprise attack on

the Navy base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. On December 7, 1941, over 300 Japanese planes

attacked Pearl Harbor in hopes of crippling the U.S. military to further their plan to take

over more land in the Pacific. attack over 2000 Americans were killed and the U.S. lost

over 150 ships. While the attack accomplished its goal of damaging the U.S. Navy, it also

changed the vast majority of opinion about staying out of the war. On December 8, 1941,

in a moving speech, President Roosevelt called December 7, “a day that will live in infamy”

and asked Congress to declare war on Japan, which it did. A few days later, Germany and

Italy declared war on the U.S., which America did in turn. From December 8, 1941, until

victory in 1945, America fought a two front war against Japan, Germany, and Italy.

For U.S. Navy images of the attack on Pearl Harbor see:

Navy History and Heritage Command: “Pearl Harbor Raid”

http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/events/wwii-pac/pearlhbr/pearlhbr.htm

SS8H9b Evaluate the importance of

Bell Aircraft, military bases, the

Savannah and Brunswick shipyards,

Richard Russell, and Carl Vinson.

Activity 2:

Take Notes on the following pages on your own

paper

Bell Aircraft

Bell Aircraft Company of Buffalo, NY, won a contract to build the B-29 bomber in a new plant in Marietta.

Largest aircraft assembly plant in the world

Over 4.2 million square feet

Over 27,000 employees

Creating 60-65 planes/month

Between 1943-1945 built 668 planes

Still open—operated by Lockheed Martin Corporation

Military Bases

WWII bought millions of dollars to GA

GA became site of many military

installations due to:

◦ Climate

◦ Senator Richard Russell Jr.

◦ Representative Carl Vinson

Fort Benning – Columbus, GA

◦ Largest infantry center in country

Camp Gordon- Augusta

Fort Stewart and Hunter Air Field –

Savannah

Warner Robins Air Field- Macon

Camp McPherson- Atlanta

◦ Where newly drafted soldiers were

inducted from all over USA

◦ Military hospital

Fort Gillem – Clayton county

◦ Army storage facility

◦ Railroad yard

Prisoners of War: Ft Benning, Gordon,

Oglethorpe, & Stewart

Fort Oglethorpe

◦ Allowed women to train as postal

workers, clerks, typists, switchboard

operators, code clerks, drivers, aides

Savannah & Brunswick Shipyards

Cities where “Liberty Ships” were built

Named after Patrick Henry’s quote-essential to war effort

First: Nov 1942, The USS James Oglethorpe (sunk by a German sub 1943)

Savannah: 88 ships built by 15,000 workers (many women)

Brunswick: Over 16,000 workers, 99 ships built ◦ Set national record by bldg 7 ships in one month

◦ Crews worked Christmas Day, donated paychecks for the war effort

Richard B Russell- GA’s youngest

governor Made needed changes

Combined 102 state officesmade 17 agencies

Tried to run the state like a successful business

Eased some of the pblms brought by the depression

Became senator (for 38 years)

Favored military programs, funded gov’t programs

Promoted Strong National Defense

Sponsored legislation: provide school lunches for ALL children

Became third in line for presidency when he served as president pro tempore for the senate

Carl Vinson

Served 25 consecutive terms as GA

Representative

Promoted Strong National Defense

Supported bills to increase our military

(planes, naval ships, etc)

Known as “father of the two-ocean navy”

c. Explain the impact of the

Holocaust on Georgians.

Impact of the Holocaust on

Georgians Review the following information before completing activity 3

http://8thgahistory.weebly.com/uploads/1/0/2/4/10245026/ss8h9c.pdf

http://thebreman.org/Exhibitions/Now-on-View/Absence-of-Humanity-The-Holocaust-Years-1933-1945 (Watch the video)

The Holocaust was the systematic mass murder of over 6 million Jews is Europe. The Nazis used Concentration Camps to imprison, work, and execute Jews, gypsies, homosexuals, and political dissidents. The Holocaust had an impact on the state. Many Holocaust survivors moved to Georgia after the war. Their stories about the horrible events in Europe touched the lives of many Georgians. The Holocaust also made some Georgians rethink their treatment of minorities in the state. Though it took more than a decade for the modern civil rights movement to gain momentum in Georgia and the rest of the South, the horror of what happened in Europe made Georgians “look in the mirror” and reexamine their racial practices. In addition, former Governor Joe Frank Harris, established the Georgia Commission on the Holocaust to educate people about the Holocaust therefore creating an awareness of the events.

The Georgia Commission on the Holocaust: http://www.holocaust.georgia.gov

Activity 3

The Holocaust had a lasting impact on Georgians and people throughout the world. Many survivors of the Holocaust immigrated to Georgia after the war and told stories about the unimaginable horrors they faced in Europe. Their stories should be documented and told to future generations to help keep such a tragedy from happening again. Read one of the accounts of a Holocaust survivor who moved to the Georgia found on the website “New

Lives: Coming to America” http://www.thebreman.org/exhibitions/online/newlives/start.php.

Activity 3:

Then write a children’s book (for grades 1-3) about the person you chose and their life before, during, and after the holocaust. The book should be at least 3 pages.

d. Discuss President Roosevelt’s

ties to Georgia, including his

visits to Warm Springs and his

impact on the state.

Roosevelt’s Ties to Georgia Franklin Roosevelt visited Georgia over 40 times from 1913-1945. Primarily he came to Georgia and stayed at his home in Warm

Springs, which became known as the “Little White House” during his presidency. Roosevelt exercised in the warm water pools of the spring to help ease the crippling effects of polio, a disease he contracted in 1924. Roosevelt used the seclusion of Warm Springs to take a break for the strain of his four terms in office. While in Georgia, Roosevelt made several appearances and gave many speeches throughout the state. He was well loved by most Georgians due to his New Deal program which provided aid to many suffering from the effects of the Depression. He endeared himself to many Georgians when they heard that he became a friend to the locals in the Warm Spring Area and hosted a Thanksgiving dinner to all of the patients at the spring. Georgians overwhelming supported Roosevelt in all four of his presidential contests. However, his visits to Georgia were not without controversy. Many in the North, including his wife Eleanor, did not think Roosevelt did enough to help end segregation and the lack of civil rights in Georgia and the rest of the South. He also angered many Georgians when he spoke against what he considered to be unfair labor practices in Georgia’s textile industry, and urged for them to remove conservative Democratic senator Walter F. George from office due to his efforts in blocking New Deal legislation. The Holocaust had a lasting impact on Georgians and people throughout the world. Many survivors of the Holocaust immigrated to Georgia after the war and told stories about the unimaginable horrors they faced in Europe. Their stories should be documented and told to future generations to help keep such a tragedy from happening again. Roosevelt was visiting Warm Springs on April 12, 1945, where he died after suffering a massive stroke. Most Georgians were extremely saddened about the loss of their “adopted son.” Today, many people till go to Warm Springs for treatment of strokes and injuries at the Warm Springs Rehabilitation

Center, and Roosevelt’s home is visited by thousands ever year.

For more information about Franklin Roosevelt’s ties to Georgia and his impact on the state see:

The New Georgia Encyclopedia: “Franklin D. Roosevelt in Georgia”

http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2727&hl=y,

The New Georgia Encyclopedia: “Warm Springs”

http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-767&hl=y

Activity 4

Write a letter to Mr. Johnson, Mrs. Walker, Mr. Godfrey, Mr. Sheppard, or Mrs. Magnacca about your visit to Warm Springs Georgia. Be sure to include President Roosevelt’s ties to Georgia, the reason for visiting the great state and how he impacted the state.

I am looking for three to four 5-8 sentence paragraphs.

You must have a rough draft and have a friend read over it before writing a final draft.

Then you must address the envelope and send the letter.

Activity 5

isolationism

Nazis

Lend-Lease

agreement

appeasement

Allied Powers

Axis Powers

Dwight D.

Eisenhower

D-Day

Little White House

Hiroshima and

Nagasaki

Carl Vinson

Richard Russell

Major military bases

in Georgia:

Savannah and

Brunswick shipyards

Bell Bomber Plant

Activity 5

Using the chart write a 1 to 3 sentence

summary over each of the topics.

This will be your study guide for the test

along with everything else you have

completed. Once you are finished and

ready to take the test see Mrs. Magnacca!

Writing Activity

Please see Mrs. Magnacca to get your

writing activity for this assignment.

Take your test!