world war ii. liberalism in the interwar period treaty of versailles (1919) disillusionment with...
Post on 20-Dec-2015
221 views
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
World War II
![Page 2: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Liberalism in the Interwar Period
Treaty of Versailles (1919)
Disillusionment with BOP politics
National self-determination: – Yugoslavia, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, the Baltic countries
Liberal Idealism:– Woodrow Wilson: “The Fourteen Points”
![Page 3: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The League of Nations (1920)
Collective security principle– Aggression against one is aggression against all (art. 16)
– Outlaw aggression
– Pledge to assist victims of aggression
– Act collectively against aggressor
Decisions by unanimity
US did not join the League
Treaty of Locarno (1925): allows Germany into the League
![Page 4: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Failure of Collective Security
Japanese invasion of Manchuria (1931)
Italian invasion of Ethiopia (1935)
German annexation of Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) 1938– Munich Agreement between Hitler and Chamberlein
![Page 5: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Hitler’s Rise to Power
National Socialist Party (Nazis) win and becomes chancellor: 1933– National humiliation– Economy devastated– Hyper inflation
Totalitarian state system
Fascist and nationalist ideology
Expansionist foreign policy
![Page 6: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Appeasing Hitler
March into Rhineland (1936)
Annexation of Austria (1938)
The Munich Agreement over Czechoslovakia (1938)
Treaty between Germany and USSR
![Page 7: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Blitzkrieg and Over-reach
Germany invades Norway, Holland, Belgium, France, pushes back the British
Germany invades USSR (1942)
Japan and the US get involved (1941)
Germany defeated: 1945
![Page 8: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Nuremberg Trials (1945-1949)
![Page 9: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Causes of WWII?
![Page 10: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Structural Causes
Post WWI peace unstable: Treaty of Versailles
Failure of institutions and collective security
Failure to balance German power
![Page 11: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Domestic Politics
Rise of fascism in Germany, Spain, Italy
Isolationism in the US
Imperialism in Japan
The Great Depression and economic collapse
Internal divisions in liberal democracies
![Page 12: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Role of Individuals
Hitler’s war?
Poor judgment on the part of Neville Chamberlain?
Miscalculation of by Japanese leadership?
Wrong lessons learned from WWI?
![Page 13: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Was World War II inevitable?
What factors contributed most to this event?
![Page 14: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Lessons of WWII
Appeasement leads to larger conflicts
Nationalism taken to extreme dangerous
Disillusionment with collective security and international institutions
The Holocaust: “Never Again!”
![Page 15: World War II. Liberalism in the Interwar Period Treaty of Versailles (1919) Disillusionment with BOP politics National self-determination: –Yugoslavia,](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d455503460f94a21b93/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
War and Its Causes
Frequency of war: 5500 years of recorded history: 14,500 wars.278 from 1480 to 1940.224 from 1816 to 1980Several causes of war (Farnsworth, 1992):
Human nature Balance of power theory: imbalances cause war, equilibrium causes
peace Arms races and security dilemma Number of states in system - both directions: some argue more equal
powers equals less war; others like Waltz that fewer is better Demands of domestic system - capitalist economies battle over rights
to resources; competing economic/political systems; colonial wars; Nationalism Bad leadership and policy choices