World War II:The Pacific Theater

Japanese Offensive Japanese Offensive

Japan seizes Manchuria Japan seizes Manchuria

- September 1931: Japanese army seizes Manchuria, China- League of Nations condemns the aggression (cannot enforce) Result: Japan withdraws from League of Nations

Japan Invades ChinaJapan Invades China

- July 7, 1937: Japanese army attacks N. China- Conquer Beijing, Nanjing (capital), & most of north China

Japan Bombs Pearl HarborJapan Bombs Pearl Harbor

December 7, 1941: Japan attacks U.S. Navy Base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

Tide of Japanese VictoriesTide of Japanese Victories

After bombing of Pearl Harbor, Japan attacks and seizes more in 1941…………………

Guam, Marianas, Wake Island, Gilbert Islands, Samoan Islands, andCaroline Islands

Singapore (Malaya) Surrenders

[February, 1942]

Singapore (Malaya) Surrenders

[February, 1942]

The Dutch East Indies Seized[March, 1942]

The Philippine Islands Invaded

The Philippine Islands Invaded

January 1942: Japan invades Philippines

April 1942: U.S. troops surrender the Philippines

Bataan Death MarchBataan Death March

April 1942: 76,000 prisoners [12,000 Americans] Marched 60 miles in the blazing

heat to POW camps in the Philippines.

An Australian An Australian Allied soldier Allied soldier

being being beheaded!beheaded!

Dead Allied troops Dead Allied troops as result of the as result of the Bataan Death Bataan Death MarchMarch

A A LiberateLiberated British d British

POWPOW

British POWsBritish POWs

The Japanese Seize BurmaThe Japanese Seize Burma

The “Burma The “Burma Road” seized Road” seized

and supply line and supply line to China cut to China cut

off!off!

May 1942May 1942

Farthest Extent of Japanese Conquests

Farthest Extent of Japanese Conquests

Allied OffensiveAllied Offensive

Who American General Why Important Supreme Allied Commander in the PacificTheater

Douglas MacArthurDouglas MacArthur

Allied Strategy in Pacific Theater

Allied Strategy in Pacific Theater

What “Island-Hopping” (drive Japan off islands they have conquered through a series of amphibious invasions)

Goal Get close to Japan…Bomb Japan…Invade Japan

Battle of the Coral Sea(May 7-8, 1942)

Battle of the Coral Sea(May 7-8, 1942)

What Japanese attempting to invade Australia; Naval & Air BattleOutcome Allies stop Japanese invasion attack on Australia

Battle of Midway Island:(June 4-6, 1942)

Battle of Midway Island:(June 4-6, 1942)

What Japanese advancing across the Pacific; Air & Naval BattleOutcome Allies stop Japanese advance; No further advances will be made by Japanese (Turning Point of Pacific)

Japanese Kamikaze Planes:

Japanese Kamikaze Planes:

Japanese Suicide Bombers

Battle of Guadalcanal:(August 1942 to February 1943)

Battle of Guadalcanal:(August 1942 to February 1943)

What 1st Allied land invasion of Japanese held territoryOutcome 1st piece of territory Allies will take back from Japan

Battle of Saipan(June-July 1944)

Battle of Saipan(June-July 1944)

What Allied invasion of Marianas IslandsOutcome Costly Allied victory; Allies now have an island close enough to Japan to begin bombing raids on Japan

Battle of Leyte Gulf(October 1944)

Battle of Leyte Gulf(October 1944)

What Allied invasion of the Philippine IslandsOutcome MacArthur and Allied forces will return and retake the islands from the Japanese

Leyte Gulf

Bombing of Tokyo(March-August 1945)

Bombing of Tokyo(March-August 1945)

What Allies begin aerial bombing raids on Tokyo (including using B-29 bombers, napalm-filled bombs)

Outcome Mainland Japan suffers devastation & casualties

Battle of Iwo Jima February 1945

Battle of Iwo Jima February 1945

What Allies attack on Japanese territory within 660 mi. of JapanOutcome Allies are almost close enough to launch an invasion of Japan from

U.S. Marines on Mt. Surbachi

Battle of Okinawa (April-June 1945)

Battle of Okinawa (April-June 1945)

What Allied attack on Japanese territory within 330 mi. of JapanOutcome Costliest battle of war for U.S.; Allies now control an island to stage an invasion of Japan from

Options to End the War Options to End the War Option 1: Land Invasion

Option 2: Drop the Atomic Bomb

Pros: - less civilian loss of lifeCons: - massive amount of Allied casualties - war will take longer to end - requires largest invasion force ever

Pros: - less American casualties - quicker end to the warCons:- catastrophic loss of civilian life

The Manhattan ProjectLos Alamos, New Mexico

The Manhattan ProjectLos Alamos, New Mexico

Dr. Robert Oppenheimer (lead scientist)

“I am become death,

the shatterer

of worlds!”

“I am become death,

the shatterer

of worlds!”

Major GeneralLesley R. Groves

(General in charge)

Top Secret project to create an “atomic bomb” begun in 1939

President Truman’s DecisionPresident Truman’s Decision

Little Boy Little Boy

Fat ManFat Man

Drop the Atomic Bomb!

The Enola GayThe Enola GayB-29 bomber which carried and dropped the Atomic Bomb

Hiroshima – August 6, 1945Hiroshima – August 6, 1945

© 70,000 killed immediately.

© 48,000 buildings.

destroyed.© 100,000s died of

radiation poisoning & cancer later.

But………….

Japan does not surrender…

Nagasaki – August 9, 1945Nagasaki – August 9, 1945

©40,000 killed immediately.

©60,000 injured.©100,000s died of

radiation poisoning& cancer later.

This time………….

Japan SurrendersJapan Surrenders

V-J Day September 2, 1945V-J Day September 2, 1945

V-J Day in Times Square, NYC

V-J Day in Times Square, NYC

The War is Over…….

Occupation begins!