World War II Time Period: _________ to _________

US Entry: ______________

Name:______________________ Class:______________________

WW2 VOCAB

1. Appeasement—practice of giving in to aggression to avoid conflict 2. “Arsenal of Democracy”—FDR‟s nickname for the US; we would supply countries

fighting for democracy with what they need to be successful (#4 & #9 are exs)

3. Blitzkrieg—swift attacks launched by Germany during WW2

4. Cash „n‟ Carry — American policy w/ England; England could buy war supplies IF they paid cash & sent their own ships to the US to pick them up

5. Communism—a social system in which property and goods are owned in common (in

reality the gov‟t takes over EVERYTHING & people live in fear & poverty)

6. Dictatorship—gov‟t in which one person or a small group holds complete authority; ex. Hitler + Germany, Mussolini + Italy, Stalin + Soviet Union

7. D-Day—June 6, 1944; day of the invasion of Western Europe by the Allied forces

8. Fascism—gov‟t system led by a dictator rooted in extreme nationalism & willingness to use brute force to expand

9. Holocaust—slaughter of Europe‟s Jewish population by the Nazis before & during

WW2

10. Island-Hopping—Allied strategy during WW2 of capturing Japanese held islands to gain control of the Pacific Ocean

11. Lend-Lease—laws that allowed the US to sell arms & equipment to Britain

12. Nazi—member of the National Socialist Workers Party in Germany before & during WW2

13. Neutrality Acts—series of laws passed by Congress in 1935 that banned sales of weapons or loans to countries at war

14. Rationing—limitations on the amount of certain goods that people can buy

15. Treaty of Versailles—treaty signed in 1919 by Germany and its allies that formally placed the responsibility for WW1 on Germany

WW2: FIND SOMEONE WHO CAN TELL YOU…

England & France’s

foreign policy

toward Hitler…

Event where Hitler agreed

not to invade

any more

countries…

Reason Hitler invaded Czech,

Austria,

Hungary &

Poland…

Reason France & England

declared war on

Germany…

Allied Powers:

1.

2.

3.

4. (later)…

Axis Powers:

1.

2.

3.

Date of

German

invasion of

Poland…

1st Allied Power

to fall to

Hitler…

Date it Happened…

Foreign Policy

of US during

Hitler’s

aggression…

How US

helped England

even though we

weren’t in the

war…

Prime Minister

of England…

President of

US…

Method of

warfare used

against Poland

& England by

Hitler…

Communist

dictator of Soviet Union…

Fascist dictator

of Italy…

Hitler promised

not to attack

this country, but did & they

became an

Ally…

Reason & date

for US entry into WW2…

WW2 TEST REVIEW SHEET name_________________________

1939 1940 1941 1942

1943 1944 1945

PRE-WW2 BACKGROUND

Treaty of Versailles—what is the link to Hitler?

Mussolini—where’s he from & how does he get into power?

Stalin—what happened to those who opposed him?

Appeasement—what is it? Why use it? Who used it?

Munich Conference—describe it

US Foreign Policy in 1930s?

Who did Japan attack in 1937?

FYI… there is a

vocab section

on your test!

DATES TO KNOW…

Invasion of Poland

Fall of France

Attack on Pearl Harbor

D-Day

V-E Day

V-J Day

WORLD WAR 2 BEGINS

Axis Powers—who are they?

Allied Powers—who are they?

France & 1940—what’s the link?

Nazi-Soviet Pact—who signed it? Why?

US INVOLVEMENT IN THE WAR

Arsenal of Democracy = Lend-Lease & Cash ‘n Carry (describe)

War Production Board—what was it for?

Internment Camps / “Relocation Camps”—for whom? Why?

Increase in Women Working—why?

Rationing—what is it?

African-Americans—experience during the war?

END OF THE WAR NEARS

D-Day—why was it so important?

How did war end in Europe?

Potsdam Declaration—what is it? Why is it important?

Island Hopping—who? What? Why?

Atomic Bombings—where? Why?

Nuremberg Trials & Tokyo Trials—why?

WORLD WAR 2: KWL Know Want to know Learned

WORLD WAR 2 MAP

USE PAGE 773

1. Label the following countries on your map…

England

France

Italy

Germany

Soviet Union

Czechoslovakia

Poland

Austria

Belgium

2. Create a key to show Allied Powers & Axis Powers & countries invaded

by Axis powers.

Allied Powers: England, France, Soviet Union

Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan (not on map)

Invaded Countries: France, Poland, Czechoslovakia,

Austria & Belgium

Countries that Switch Sides: Soviet Union & Italy

THE DICTATORS OF WORLD WAR 2 In the years leading up to WWII: _________________ states come to power in the

______________, Japan, ____________ and Italy.

SOVIET UNION

ITALY GERMANY JAPAN

LEADER

GOVERNMENT

TOOLS TO WIN

SUPPORT

Played on anger

over____________

__

________________

__

Promised to fix

___________ &

fight __________

Played on anger

over____________

__

________________

__

Promised to fix

___________

Blamed ________,

gypsies &

_____________ for

Germany’s

problems

Preached

__________

(Aryan) superiority

Preached

_________

superiority

____________

_ control of

the gov’t

ONCE IN POWER

________

party control

of the

__________ all

political parties

Controlled

Ended democratic

rule & created a

______________

Assassinated

political

enemies

________

Gov’t

control of

__________

&

___________

___

___________

_ of gov’t is

severely

punished-

trials

_________ &

executions

Peasants

ordered to

give

_________ &

animals for

______ run

farms—

resistors

were

_________ or

sent to

___________

_

________ &

banned gov’t

_____________

Critics were

____________ or

________________

Conquered

______________--

wanted to recall

the glory days of

the

________________

_

state

Controlled

________,

education &

________________

Concentration

Camps: Jews were

considered

“_______________

_ of the

___________”

Restored

Germany’s

___________ (in

defiance of the

Versailles Treaty)

Persecuted

____________

___

____________

_ (controlled)

the press

Military took

over gov’t

offices

TOTALITARIAN GOV’TS IN WW2

Germany Italy Japan USSR

Assassinate political enemies

Racial superiority

Fix economy

Fight communism

Reclaim glory of the Roman Empire

Government controlled religion

Government controlled press

Targeted Gypsies

Government controlled education

Militaristic state

Trials and executions are staged

Government takes over farms

Criticism is punished

Single party control

Anger over Versailles Treaty

Concentration camp

Aggression

Scapegoat

Nazi

Totalitarianism

Fascism

Mussolini

Hirohito

Tojo

Stalin

Hitler

WORLD WAR 2 BEGINS

How did the League of Nations respond to Hitler’s violation of the Treaty of Versailles?

1938: Germany annexes ______________ & Sudetenland (part of

____________________)

Munich Conference—use of appeasement to avoid war. Hitler

promises ___________________________________.

Neville Chamberlain feels he has achieved

“____________________”

Appeasement fails when Hitler seizes the rest of

Czechoslovakia.

Non-Aggression Pact signed b/w ______________ &

_____________. Germany & Soviet Union will “split” the

country of _______________.

Sept 1, 1939: Hitler invades _______________. German military uses

the strategy known as ________________.

June, 1940: Germany begins its conquest of Western Europe.

Hitler smashes through the Maginot Line to overthrow

_____________.

Only _______________ remains “free.” Churchill claims the

British people will never ______________.

Build

Up to

War

WW2

Begins

WW2: US ACTIONS BEFORE PEARL

HARBOR After WW1: Neutrality Acts--

1. Cash ‘n’ Carry:

2. Lend-Lease Act:

LOO

PH

OLE

S TO

GET

A

RO

UN

D T

HE

NEU

TRA

LITY

A

CTS

Laws passed after _________ that ________ the U.S. from selling or loaning _________

to countries ______________________.

The U.S. will sell _________ to _________, BUT they have to pay _________ &

__________ them away on their own

____________.

The US will “__________” the British _____

____________ & the British will “________”

us ____________________.

Name_____________________________________________ Date________________

Children of Japanese Relocation Camps By Joyce Furstenau

On December 7, 1941, everything changed for all Americans, especially those of

Japanese descent. On that date, the Japanese army bombed Pearl

Harbor in Hawaii. World War II had already begun in Asia in 1937. Two years

later, Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia. These actions split the global community.

There were only two sides: the Allies and the Axis powers. The major Axis

powers included Japan, Italy, and Germany. The Allies were the Soviet Union,

Great Britain, and eventually, the United States. The bombing of Pearl Harbor

stunned all Americans. The following day, on December 8, 1941, President

Franklin Roosevelt declared war on Japan. There were about 120,000 Japanese

Americans living on the West Coast at the time. Fear and mistrust began to take

on a life of its own. Agents of the U.S. government came to the doors of Japanese

American homes. They were searching for signs of loyalty to Japan. Children

sometimes watched as innocent fathers were taken away even though they had

committed no crimes. Children watched their parents bury Japanese books and

swords. Families began destroying their Japanese artifacts as word spread about

relocation centers. White children were quickly separated from Japanese children

at school. Japanese children were frequently called names. Signs were posted on

storefronts, "No Japs Allowed." In February of 1942, the President Roosevelt

signed an executive order to round up all Americans of Japanese ancestry. All

120,000 Japanese Americans were to be sent to "relocation camps." These camps

were spread out amongst seven states as well as Canada. The states were

California, Idaho, Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado, and Arkansas.

Once a family received orders to "relocate," they had about seven days to pack

their belongings. Each person was allowed to bring only two suitcases. Many

children were instructed by their parents to wear as much as they could.

Families sold their businesses, homes, and furniture for pennies on the dollar.

Others simply lost their homes and possessions. Pets were not allowed. Children

could only watch as strangers took away their family pets.

Life in the relocation camps was difficult. Many of the first camps were

constructed on racetracks or fairgrounds. A barbed wire fence surrounded each

camp. Soldiers with guns watched from towers. These "relocated" Japanese

Americans and their children were all prisoners. They could not leave.

Horse stalls were temporarily offered to the families as their new homes. They

were small, dusty, and smelly. The Japanese families did their best to make these

stalls into living quarters. There was no running water and no privacy. Many of

these "rooms" had only one light bulb. There were no kitchens. People stood in

line in large buildings called mess halls for meals. Their food was not prepared in

traditional Japanese ways.

When the permanent relocation centers were finished, families had to pack up

and move again. Two of them were built in swampland in the state of Arkansas.

Two were built in the dry, dusty land of Arizona. Most were built in remote areas.

At first, many rooms had no heat. The barracks were poorly built. The families

did their best to make their tiny apartments feel like home.

Schools were started in empty buildings at these camps. Most had no supplies,

chairs, or heat. Students brought their own books. Most had to share.

Each day the children said the Pledge of Allegiance. They sang patriotic songs.

They celebrated the holidays as best they could. Many families planted gardens.

There they grew their own food. Children helped with the gardens. If livestock

was permitted, the children also helped with these chores, too.

Japanese children found many ways to pass the time. They played baseball,

joined the Scouts, watched movies, and made kites. Some camps offered classes in

ikebana, which is the Japanese art of flower arranging. Everyone tried to keep the

hope of freedom alive. Finally, on December 18, 1944, the U.S. Supreme Court

ruled that the camps were unlawful. The government began allowing Japanese

Americans to leave. Many children were excited, but some were scared. Where

would they live? Would their friends still call them names? How would they be

treated upon their return? Many families had to find new places to live. Most lost

their homes and businesses and had to find new jobs. Some even moved back to

Japan. The children and their families had to start over.

In the 1960's, the civil rights movement inspired some young Japanese

Americans to begin the "Redress Movement." They wanted the U.S. government

to apologize and repay the families $25,000 for each detainee who was kept in the

relocation camps. In 1988, President Ronald Reagan signed the Civil Liberties Act

providing $20,000 for each detainee and a formal apology. President George H.

W. Bush issued a second formal apology in 1992 when a second Civil Liberties

Act was passed. The U. S. government has preserved the relocation camp sites as

historical landmarks. They are to serve as reminders of our country's failure to

protect its citizens against prejudice.

Questions

1. What major event led to the creation of relocation camps?

A. a demonstration against Japanese citizens

B. the bombing of Pearl Harbor

C. a parade honoring Japanese citizens

D. the death of a Japanese politician

2. What U.S. president signed the order to "relocate" the Japanese Americans?

A. President George H. W. Bush

B. President Ronald Reagan

C. President Franklin D. Roosevelt

D. President Dwight Eisenhower

3. How many U.S. states had relocation camps?

A. seven

B. five

C. six

D. fourteen

4. Despite being denied their freedom, the children still recited what at school?

A. The Pledge of Allegiance

B. Japanese language

C. The Constitution

D. American language

5. What is ikebana?

A. a Japanese hat with bananas on it

B. a Japanese food made from bananas

C. the Japanese art of flower arranging

D. a Japanese banana

6. In the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, Japanese detainees were given $20,000 and

what else?

A. a car C. a house

B. an apology D. a job

WW2 ENDS IN EUROPE: SURRENDER OF ITALY & GERMANY

THINGS LOOK BLEAK FOR THE ALLIES IN 1942, BUT A NUMBER OF DECISIVE BATTLES

LEAD TO THE DOWNFALL OF ITALY & GERMANY!

THE ALLIES PLAN A 3-PRONGED ATTACK: (OPERATION OVERLORD)

o Up the boot of Italy

o East into Germany from France

o West into Ger from Soviet Union.

BATTLE FOR THE SOVIET UNION: Battle of Stalingrad— (790 / 793)

o Scorched Earth Policy:

o Battle’s Outcome:

BATTLE FOR ITALY: Defeat of Italy— (792)

o Fate of Mussolini

BATTLE FOR FRANCE: D-Day— (792)

o Plan:

o Outcome:

WHILE OPERATION OVERLORD IS HAPPENING… SO IS THE…

Bombing of Germany— (794)

By:

Hitler’s Fate—

Italy’s Surrender—

Germany’s Surrender—

Date of D-Day—

***Date WW2 is over in

Europe (V-E Day)—

OP

ER

AT

ION

OV

ER

LO

RD

END OF WW2 IN JAPAN

After the surrender of _________________ & ____________

the US focuses on the war in the ____________________

(Asia—Japan).

Strategy to fight Japan= ____________________________-- we want to get

to Japan.

US wins Battle of ____________________ & ______________________ (2

islands _______________________________)

US starts to ________________________.

_________________________ issues the _____________________

Declaration—note to Japan telling them to surrender or be

_________________________.

Japan says ___________

August _____, 19____: ______________________, Japan

August _____, 1945: _____________________, Japan

Japanese Surrender

DEADLIEST WAR IN HISTORY

__________________ kill at least 150,000

Bombings = high number of __________________ex) ________________

__________________

Holocaust = ______ million __________

killed

UNITED NATIONS Replaced the

__________________

_____ keeping organization set up after ___________ to __________________ future wars

__________________ is

one branch set up to address _________ that could lead to ________

_____________ of

Human Rights said that all __________ deserve __________ & _____________

NUREMBERG TRIALS

WHO? WHAT? SIGNIFICANCE?

Trials of __________ after WW2 in ________________, Germany

Nazis accused of “________________” due to the Holocaust

Significance = individuals can be held _____________ for their actions during __________

THE LEGACY OF WW2

COLD WAR WHO? WHY? WHEN? 1945-________ / _______

Period of ___________ b/w the ______ & Soviet Union over the _______ of _____________

US sought to enforce _______________ (wanted to stop it from ______________)