World War TwoCauses*** remember with the acronym: FART

The “T”: Treaty of Versailles

How did the Treaty of Versailles become a cause of World War Two?“C’mon guys…. you already know this.!”

The “T”: Treaty of Versailles

Review:Geographical Terms Germany lost all of its colonies Germany lost part of Eastern Germany to

Poland Germany lost Alsace-Lorraine (to France)

Reparations 132 billion marks paid to the Triple

Entente Saar region loaned to France (15 years)

Military Terms Germany’s army reduced to 100,000 Not allowed tanks No air force Small ships only

War Guilt Clause Sign a clause that stated they were the

primary cause of WW1

All of this economically crippled and humiliated Germany

The “T”: Treaty of Versailles

How did this help cause WW2?

• The “Treaty of Versailles”: caused severe economic issues for Germany (made vulnerable to the rise of dictators)

• Was a rallying point for the people of Germany• One of Hitler’s main campaign promises was to rip up the

Treaty, this was very popular

The “T”: Treaty of Versailles

The “R”: Rise in Dictators

Conditions in Europe which led to the Rise of Dictators:1. Both winners and losers of WW1 felt cheated 2. There were problems with the new borders of Europe3. Problems with governments of Europe (monarchies and democracies)4. The Great Depression5. Problems blames on foreigners, communists and Jews

The “R”: Rise in Dictators

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kW_L_Nbm38

The “R”: Rise of Dictators

Benito Mussolini: Italy

The “R”: Rise of Dictators

Benito Mussolinihttp://video.answers.com/the-rise-of-benito-mussolini-516911377

Formed the Fascist Party to fight communism and socialism

“Black Shirts” followers broke up trade union meetings and communist rallies with campaign of terror

The “R”: Rise of Dictators

Benito Mussolini

1922- there was a treat of a General Strike. Fascists said they would stop it and they marched on Rome

the King asked Mussolini to form new governmentMussolini made Italy self-sufficient He “made the trains run on time”Mussolini became a dictator, the “Black Shirts”

silenced criticism, there was no opposition, only Fascists could run for elections

The “R”: Rise of Dictators

Adolf Hitler: Germany

The “R”: Rise of Dictators

Adolf Hitler: GermanyWas a corporal in WW1Joined the Nazi party in its infancy Gave party: military organization, its own salute

and uniforms and a symbol (the swastika) By 1933, Nazis were the largest party in German

parliamentHitler was appointed “Chancellor”, then

Parliament voted Hitler complete control of the government and he became “der Fuhrer”

The “R”: Rise in Dictators

Life in Nazi Germany• “Total revolution of German life”• All political parties were banned• Enabling Act: can pass laws without parliament• “Night of the Long Knives”• Gestapo and SS• Kristallnacht• Nuremburg Laws (process of de-humanization)

Nuremburg Laws

Nuremburg Laws

The “R”: Rise in Dictators

Life in Nazi Germany• Sales of Hitler's political autobiography "Mein

Kampf," sometimes referred to as the bible of the Nazi Party, made him a millionaire. From 1933 to 1945, free copies were given to every newlywed German couple. After World War II, the publication of "Mein Kampf" in Germany became illegal.

Life in Nazi Germany: PropagandaHitler Speech http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGhdX1SI3KY&bpctr=1363880802

The “R”: Rise in Dictators

Other Dictatorships

In Spain: Francisco FrancoIn Soviet Union: Joseph Stalin

In Japan: Emperor Hirohito

** people turned to dictatorships because they offered simple solutions, promised national glory and silenced opposition

The “F”: Failure of the League of Nations

Failure #1: Manchuria: Sept 1931• Japan invades Chinese province of Manchuria• League???

The “F”: Failure of the League of Nations

Failure #2: Abyssinia: May 1936• Italy invaded through neighbouring Italian

Somaliland• Annexed to Italy• Haile Salassie (former emperor) addressed the

assembly of the League• “It is international morality that is at stake….

God and history will remember your judgment”.

The “F”: Failure of the League of Nations

Failure #3: Hitler leaves the League

The “A”: Appeasement

Date Expansion Demands Rationale (Reason) World Reaction

1936 The Rhineland Challenge Versailles settlement France and Britain protested the League of Nations- did nothing

1938 Austria Felt it was German territory - no reaction- did nothing

1938 The Sudetenland (part of Czech)

- demanded- Munich Agreement- Czech not invited- League agreed, could not fight Germany alone

- permitted- annexation

Mar,1939 Czechoslovakia - danger to Germany- occupied the rest of the country

- Churchill predicted- Chamberlain betrayal- will take a harder line

1939 Demanded some of Poland

- Gateway- space- high Jewish population

- will declare war on Germany

Aug, 1939 Poland SEPTEMBER 3rd Britain declared war  

The “A”: Appeasement

The “A”: Appeasement

Lil’ Hitler

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bcrRrst1i0g

The “A”: Appeasement

Europe 1941

Blitzkrieg: “Lightning War”

“Lightning War”• Speed and surprise• Prevent enemy from defense1) Planes (luftwaffe): rapid bombardment2) Tanks (panzers): speed3) Ground Troops (wehrmacht): mobile

Eg) Sitzkreig “Phony War”Sept,1939: PolandApr, 1940: Denmark

NorwayMay, 1940: Holland

Belgium1940: France (north)