wp4 tropospheric composition reeves, coe, heard, lewis, monks, pyle in the case of wp4 the...
Post on 22-Dec-2015
213 views
TRANSCRIPT
WP4 Tropospheric composition
Reeves, Coe, Heard, Lewis, Monks, Pyle
In the case of WP4 the objectives have been subdivided so that individual groups (first-named) lead the activity in that area:
WP4.1 UEA, UMIST, Leeds, York, LeicesterWP4.2 UMIST, UEA, YorkWP4.3 Leicester, Leeds, UEAWP4.4 Leeds, Leicester, York, UMISTWP4.5 Cambridge
Interactions between the land surface, monsoon dynamics and atmospheric composition.
e.g. land surface affects surface temperature, which affects
• biogenic emissions
• monsoon dynamics and subsequently rainfall and thus emissions
Isoprene emissions
Surface Temperature
Surface Vegetation and Soil
Isoprene
Western Africa is one of the world’s most active lightning regions !
LIS lightning flashes (2000)
DJF
JJA
Seasonal variation of ATSR fire counts.
Western Africa is one of the world’s most active biomass burning regions!
Summer season
Winter season
Aerosols (dust, biomass burning, secondary organic aerosols)
African outflow
SeaWiFS image – 26/02/00 (NASA/GSFC and ORBIMAGE
Infra-Red Difference Dust Index – July 1983-98 (Brooks and Legrand, 2000)
WP4.1 To make, for the first time, comprehensive observations of the atmospheric composition within the WAM , and thereby to characterise the composition (trace gases and particles) of the different zones within the WAM system.(UEA, UMIST, Leeds, York, Leicester)
GEOS-CHEM - 1997 TOMS (CCD)- 1997
JJA
SON
MAM
DJF
Large difference between model and TOMS tropospheric OLarge difference between model and TOMS tropospheric O33 columns over W. columns over W. AfricaAfrica
Martin et al. [2002]
Dust
SavannaAnthropogenic
Biofuel
Forest
Biomass Burning
Ocean
Monsoon Flux
Harmattan Flux
Tropical rain forest (broadleaf evergreen)
Deciduous forest – woodland savannah
Brush-grass savannah
Steppe (grass, brush, thicket)
Semidesert
Desert
WP4.2 Relate the composition observed in the boundary layer to land surface and vegetation characteristics, as derived from satellite and ground-based observations in WP1 and WP2, and make a first attempt to derive airborne vertical fluxes of biogenic VOCs within the WAM.(UMIST, UEA, York)
WP4.3 Use the improved understanding of the dynamics (WP3) to evaluate the role of the monsoon circulation in transporting chemical constituents within the WAM region (e.g. boundary layer to mid-troposphere). (Leicester, Leeds, UEA)
Latitude-pressure plot of equivalent potential temperature, with SAL boundaries (solid lines) and mixed layer (dashed), from JET2000 dropsondes.
WP4.4 Use the observational dataset to provide improved constraints on our understanding of how natural emissions (VOC and NOX) impact the chemistry (e.g. O3, HOX, secondary organic aerosol) of the WAM region, and the production of constituents that may be transported both into the TTL (WP5) and over regional and continental scales. This objective will relate the chemical control of the particulate material to its ability to act as cloud condensation nuclei and to affect the radiative properties of the particulates.(Leeds, Leicester, York, UMIST)
H. Coe
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
dM
/dlo
gD
a (µ
g m
-3)
2 3 4 5 6 7100
2 3 4 5 6 71000
2
Aerodynamic Diameter (nm)
NOz/NOy (PCA) = 0.17Toluene / Benzene = 3.38
4
OrganicsSulphateNitrateAmmonium
WP4.5 Include the improvements made in the understanding of emissions (WP4.2), chemical degradation pathways (WP4.4) and on the temporal and spatial distribution of constituents (WP4.1, 4.3) in suitable models to investigate the global impact of biogenic emissions from the WAM region on the burden of O3.(Cambridge)
Link between TOMCAT and UMUM dynamics evaluated by other components within AMMA UK
GEOS-CHEM - 1997 TOMS (CCD)- 1997
JJA
SON
MAM
DJF
Martin et al. [2002]
Project structure
WP2:Micromet+ health
WP1: Land surface
WP3:Monsoon
dynamics +convection
WP5: TTL
WP4:Troposphericcomposition
land surfaceanalyses
land surfaceanalyses
micromet foremissions
land surfaceanalyses
global and mesoscale casestudies and trajectories
global andmesoscalecase studiesandtrajectories
global andmesoscalecasestudies
biogenic activitypatterns
chemical tracers
tropospheric inputinto convectionTTL PV
anomalies TTLexchangeestimates UEA
Cambridge Leeds
Leicester UMIST
York
Leeds
CEH Wallingford
Cambridge
Liverpool
Input to WP4
Output from WP4