Wright State University – Miami ValleyCollege of Nursing and Health

Summer 2016

COURSE NUMBER: Nursing 7004 - C90

COURSE TITLE: Theoretical Foundations for Nursing Practice

CREDIT ALLOCATION: 3 credits: 3 cr didactic (42 class hours) *55-minute hours

CATALOG DESCRIPTION: Analysis of nursing and other selected concepts, models, and theories as related to nursing practice, administration, and education in development and application of nursing science.

PREREQUISITIES: None

COREQUISITIES: None

RESTRICTIONS: Acceptance to Graduate Program or Permission of Instructor

COURSE LOCATION AND CLASS TIMES: Online Course – Pilot

FACULTY: Dr. Ann M. Bowling, PhD, RN, CPNP-PC, CNEOffice Address: 132 University HallEmail Address: ann.bowling@wright.edu Office Phone: 937-775-2596

Office Hours: Wednesdays 1:30 to 4:30 p.m. Others by Appointment

FACULTY SECRETARY

Amy Leach 101 University Hall 775-3577 amy.leach@wright.edu

STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of Nursing 7004, the student will:

1. Critique the components of theory development and analysis.2. Analyze selected nursing and other concepts, models and theories.3. Apply selected nursing and other concepts, models and theories to nursing education,

administration and clinical practice.4. Examine the relationship between theory development, nursing research, and nursing practice.

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REQUIRED COURSE MATERIALS:

APA. (2010). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Meleis, A. I. (2012). Theoretical nursing: Development and progress (5th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Walker, L. O. & Avant, K. C. (2011). Strategies for theory construction in nursing (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Prentice Hall.

Other Readings: There will be additional reading assignments during the semester. The assignments will be available in .pdf form and will be posted with the weeks assignments. The Dunbar library does contain many books, journal articles, videotapes, and other useful resources for this course.

METHOD OF INSTRUCTION: Lecture, discussion, assigned materials, group interaction, and experiential learning.

DATES TO REMEMBER:

Last date to drop course with a 100% refund is May 27, 2016.Last date to drop the course without a grade is June 5, 2016. Last date to drop the course with a "W" is July 3, 2016 (does not affect your GPA).If you drop the class after July 3, you will receive an “X” (which affects the GPA the same as an “F” or fail the class). If life events occur after the final drop date that affects your ability to complete the course, contact your faculty and /or the CONH student affairs advisors to review options.

EVALUATION METHODSGrading Scale: 90 and above = A80 – 89.99 = B70 – 79.99 = C60 – 69.99 = D59.99 and below = F

Criteria: Discussion 10 pointsFind the Concept 15 pointsConcept Paper 25 pointsProposition Paper 25 pointsTheoretical Framework Presentation 25 points__Total 100 points

GRADING POLICY: All of the above are required for successful completion of the course. All assigned work must be completed to pass the course. Rounding of grades will not occur.

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COMMUNICATION WITH FACULTY: Use e-mail to communicate with faculty regarding concerns. If needing immediate assistance please contact my secretary. Students are expected to use their Pilot e-mail or Wings e-email account when sending e-mails in this course. Students sending an e-mail to the instructor must clearly state on the “Subject” line that the e-mail refers to a NUR 3300 question. Please note that emails sent through Pilot are sent using the Wings e-mail (WSU) system and the response will be located in your Wings e-mail account. I do routinely send emails regarding course content so please review your Wright State email on a regular basis. Emails may range from updated course information to clarification of assignments based on students’ questions. I will check emails Monday through Friday. I will respond to all emails within 24 hour unless sent on the weekend. All emails sent over the weekend will have a response by no later than 5 p.m. on Monday.

ACADEMIC STANDARDS:

1. DISABILITY STATEMENT: Students with disabilities needing accommodations such as: special test arrangements, note taking, taped textbooks, tutoring, or special equipment, please contact your instructor and/or the Counseling and Disability Services.

2. ACADEMIC INTEGRITY: Your assignments are to be done as an individual effort unless otherwise stated. The University guidelines for Academic Integrity apply to all work for the class. Please refer to your student handbook (college and university and University Academic Code of Conduct) for general policy and procedures regarding student conduct. You are responsible for knowing these policies.

a. Turnitin.com: A computer program called “turnitin.com” will be used in this course. This program is a plagiarism detection program which highlights any areas which are quoted from other material in the data bank and provides the instructor with the reference source. Therefore, students must electronically submit their papers directly to the course drop box in Pilot. Students must use Microsoft Word in PC format for all papers. Quotation marks, along with the reference source, year, and page number, must be used for any direct quotes. Direct quotes of longer than 40 words must be typed as a fully indented paragraph (indent both left and right margin). Paraphrasing must reflect the student’s own interpretation of the information (do not just change a couple words) and must be referenced appropriately (page number is not included when paraphrasing) or it will be counted as plagiarism. Material downloaded from the Internet must be properly cited, referenced in the reference list, and must come from a reputable web site. DO NOT USE WIKIPEDIA. Style of format used for all papers is APA format, 6th edition.

b. Academic dishonesty will result on a zero for that assignment (which will probably result in a course failure) and referral to the University Judicial Affairs Department for a formal review regarding academic dishonesty. The results of this review will be documented in the student’s record. Papers or assignments done for another nursing course or by another student will not be accepted for credit.

3. Course materials for each week will be posted on Pilot. Students are responsible and will be held accountable for all information regarding the course content posted online through Pilot for NUR 7004-C90 course. There will be lots of readings and assignments in this course, but the amount and level of work are within the range for a graduate course. Students in this class are required to review contents of the assigned readings weekly and to be prepared.

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4. The course is designed to help students to understand the complex nature of the course subjects and to meet course objectives. The following week of content is built on the previous week’s course content. Students are expected to complete the weekly readings, assignments, and review the guidelines posted by the instructor. To encourage students keeping up with the weekly course schedule, the instructor will post the next week’s material to the course website by 9 p.m. on Friday (example Week 2 (5/23) will be posted by 9 p.m. on 5/20).

5. Papers and assignments are due on the date identified. A 10% penalty will be deducted daily from the total grade received for late papers if an extension is not contracted with the instructor prior to the due date. Contracts for an extension must include a specific date when the paper is to be turned in and will only be granted for extenuating circumstances.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

1. DISCUSSION / CLASS PARTICIPATION (10 points): This is a graduate level course so students will be expected to participate in multiple weekly discussion boards and assignments to facilitate their understanding of the multiple topics in this course. The overall participation in discussion boards will be graded at midterm (first 6 weeks) and final (last 6 weeks) based on the following rubric.

Items ScoresMost of

time (5 to 6 weeks)

Often(3 to 4 weeks)

Sometimes(2 to 3 weeks)

Seldom(0 to 1 week)

Provides useful ideas when participating in the class discussion section.

1.5 1 0.5 0

Consistently contributes and participate in the discussion sections.

1.5 1 0.5 0

Responses consistently focused on the task and discussion topics

1.5 1 0.5 0

Listens to, shares with, and supports the efforts of others.

0.5 0

2. FIND THE CONCEPT (15 points): Complete the table as indicated and include the required conclusion.

a. First spend a period of time (probably lengthy) completing a computer search of library resources (WSU or your place of employment) with the goal of skimming (not careful reading or analysis) 10 pieces of research related to a special interest area related to your concentration. Begin by choosing your clinical or functional area and determining what journals will most probably be helpful to you. Remember that WSU has a librarian, Ximena Chrisagis, who is expert in nursing literature and who is available via email or telephone or personal visit (an appointment would be courteous –plus would confirm her presence at a time convenient to you both). Focus only on research articles. You will know it is a research article if you see the headings: method, design, sample, results.

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b. You are reviewing these research articles only to find the conceptual or theoretical basis of the research being reported. Examine the article for a reference to a conceptual model or theory upon which the research was based. The conceptual models or theories do NOT have to be a nursing conceptual model or theory. Not all research articles will discuss the conceptual/theoretical basis so you may need to discard some of the articles you find.

c. Copy and paste the table below into a new Word document. As you read through the articles, complete the table (see below).

Student Name:Student Academic Concentration:Student’s Population of Interest:

Citation (APA, 6th edition) Conceptual Model or Theory

Major Concepts

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.

d. Add a concluding paragraph discussing which conceptual models or theories seem to be most used in your clinical area as determined by their popularity or frequency of occurrence in research. Discuss which of the related concepts seem to be of high current interest to your field.

e. Criteria for evaluation:o Table includes 10 citations appropriate to the student’s concentration and population of

interest (10%)o Citations are correct per APA 6th edition (10%)o Conceptual model or theory is identified along with the name of the author of the

model/theory (20%)o Major concepts within the models related to the student’s area of interest are identified

(20%)o Concluding paragraph identifies most frequently used models/theories in student’s area

(20%)o Concluding paragraph identifies most commonly focused on concepts in student’s area

(20%)

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3. CONCEPT PAPER: 25 points (6 to 8 pages): Each student will select a nursing concept that is relevant to their area of interest. The concept should be one that the student foresees to be useful for their clinical specialty. These concept papers will likely provide the basis for work done in your research class and in your research utilization/project/thesis class.

Criteria for evaluation: Please note: The items in bold are the headings for this paper. Use of appropriate reference sources when describing the concept. (5%)

o Select at least one recent textbook that focuses on the concept.o Select at least three recent nursing articles that relate to the concept from a nursing

perspective.o Include other resources, as needed, to define the concept; i.e. dictionary, encyclopedias,

articles/books outside of nursing. An introduction is provided wherein the concept is clearly identified. (5%) Surrogate names for concept (10%).

o Identify any surrogate names used for this concept in the literature. o In what context are these surrogate names uses? o What, if any, are the differences in how the surrogate names are defined?

Description of the concept (15%)o Identify all typical defining features, qualities, or characteristics you find associated

with the concept. Consider physical, psychosocial, values, etc. o Determine which of the defining characteristics are most essential to the meaning

exemplified by your potential thesis/project/scholarly activity. Definition of the concept (10%)

o Based on the above information, select or develop a definition that includes all the characteristics of the concept you are most interested in or that most pertains to your future practice. Must provide a one to two sentence definition for the concept and clearly state: The _____ (concept name) has been defined as ________. This should be the last sentence in your paragraph before doing the three cases.

Cases are clear and demonstrate understanding of the concept (and understanding of the three types of case). (3 cases x 10 = 30%) – Must be made up by you. No references for this section. Should be a nursing situation that is seen in healthcare. Write the case so can be understood by anyone. (For example: ICU case understood by Floor Nurse)

o Based on this definition, create a model case – an example of the concept that includes all of the properties (“This is absolutely . . .”).

o Create a contrary case – an example that does not include any of the properties of the concept (“This is definitely not . . . “).

o Create a borderline case – an example that includes some but not all of the properties of the concept (“This is similar but not exactly . . .”).

A conclusion is provided connecting the defined concept with its importance to nursing. (5%) Communication of thoughts: (10%)

o Thoughts are well organized and demonstrate graduate level depth of thinking. o Thoughts are clearly communicated using professional language and writing style

(terminology, grammar, spelling). Formatting: (10%)

o The paper is formatted using APA (6th edition) format in terms of headers, running heads, citations, captions, quotations, etc.

o The reference list is properly formatted using APA (6th edition) format.

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4. PROPOSITION PAPER (25 points) (8 to 10 pages): Each student must develop a proposition statement containing at least two concepts, including the concept discussed in the concept paper. These concepts must be linked together in a logical sentence that can be substantiated by research.

Criteria for evaluation: Please note: The items in bold are the headings for this paper. An introduction is provided wherein the proposition statement is clearly stated. Please put

proposition statement in quotation marks. (5%) Identify the type of proposition and explain why you believe you are correct in your

categorization. (10%)o Using Walker and Avant’s Statement Analysis method (Steps 3 and 5 only) classify the

statement and specify the relationship among the concepts by type, sign, and symmetry. Note: Do not include the diagram of the statement.

o Correctly uses the statement analysis method. Clearly identify, describe and define each concept within the proposition. (15%)

o Provide a brief description and definition of the concept previously addressed in your concept paper (one to two paragraphs and including the one to two sentence definition). Remember to the reference for your Concept Paper (Self-Quoting).

o Provide a more in-depth description and definition of your additional concept(s) using the format identified in the concept paper (surrogate names, description, and definition). Ensure that you have clearly identified the definition for your second concept (one to two sentence definition).

Conduct a literature review to substantiate this proposition. (20%)o Include at least three current nursing research articles. o Include at least two classic (older, often cited) articles or books (may be nursing or from

other field).o Identify from the resources how the concepts in the proposition statement were defined

and linked together. o This section should contain the information for each of the specific articles or books.

For example: How each author (reference) defined the terms, how the terms were linked together, was their research to support this, etc. The summary of the information is included in the next section (defense).

Synthesize (summarize using references) the findings from the literature review to defend your proposition. (15%)

o Is this proposition accurate according to existing research?o What part(s) of this proposition are well supported in the literature?o What part(s) of this proposition are not well supported in the literature?o If your proposition is not supported or minimally supported, describe how you could

modify your proposition for use in research or practice. Provide a conclusion that relates your proposition to its importance to nursing in general or in

your field of practice. (15%) Communication of thoughts: (10%)

o Thoughts are well organized and demonstrate depth of thinking. o Thoughts are clearly communicated using professional language and writing style

(terminology, grammar, spelling). Formatting: (10%)

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o The paper is formatted using APA (6th edition) format in terms of margins, spacing, headers, running heads, headings, citations, captions, etc.

o The reference list is properly formatted using APA (6th edition) format.

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5. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK PRESENTATION (25 points): Each student should select a theory to frame their proposition and develop a 20 to 25 slide Microsoft Office PowerPoint Presentation. Mid-range theories are preferred, but not required. For example, if your focus is pain, look at pain theories. If you choose stress, look at stress theories. If you choose a practice issue, look at practice theories. Management issues might reflect a management theory. Try to find a nursing based theory; however, you do not need to stay within the nursing literature.

Criteria for evaluation: Provide an introduction that identifies your proposition (from your proposition paper) and

your selected theoretical framework. Your propositional relationship should be logically reflected in the framework. (5%)

Provide a brief description of how the theory has been used in the past that makes you believe it relates to your proposition. (5%)

Include a pictorial display (this would be Figure 1) of this theory based on the original author’s description. (5%)

Identify and define all the major concepts included in the framework. (10%) Identify and define the concepts in your proposition statement. (10%)

o Provide a clear definition for the concept in your proposition statement. Examine whether the concept and definitions of concepts in your proposition are consistent

with the concept and concept definitions in this theory. (What is the same and what is different). (10%)

o If the concepts are inconsistent, do you need to make assumptions, extrapolations, additions, logical modifications, etc. to fit your proposition concepts into this theory? Explain why or why not?

o If the concept definitions are inconsistent, would you need to modify your definitions? Explain why or why not?

Identify and describe the major relationships within the framework. (10%) Examine whether the specific relationship between the concepts in your proposition are

consistent with relationships between similar concepts in this theory. (10%) o If not, would you need to modify your relationships? o Why or why not?

Identify your proposition “fit” with this theory. (5%)o Would you need to use all or part of the concepts/relationships in this theory to

support your proposition? o What might be logically discarded? o What might be logically added?

Develop a second pictorial display (this would be Figure 2) which includes your specific proposition and excludes any irrelevant parts of the theory. (5%)

Provide a conclusion relating the usefulness of this modified framework to your future role. (5%)

Communication of thoughts: (10%)o Thoughts are well organized. o Thoughts are clearly communicated using professional language and demonstrate

depth of thinking. o Slides are well developed.

Formatting: (5%)o The reference page adheres to APA 6th edition.

Stays within 25 slide maximum (5%).

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TOPICAL OUTLINE (Changes to this outline may be required in order to facilitate course operations)

DATE TOPIC ASSIGNMENTWeek 1May 9

Course overviewOrientation to syllabus and course requirementsWhat is “scholarliness”What is theory, types of theoryDefinitions

Meleis: Ch. 2, 3, 6 Other readings as posted on Pilot

Week 2May 16

Theories in nursing Selected grand theoriesWhat is a Concept

Meleis: Ch 9. Selected theories from Ch 11, 12, & 13Readings as posted on Pilot

Week 3May 23

Barriers and forces toward theoretical thinkingNursing science and the history and development of nursing knowledgeWhat is a disciplineThe discipline of nursingComponents of theories

Meleis: Ch. 4, 5, 7, 18Other readings as posted on PilotConcept Search due in drop box by 11:55 p.m. on May 29, 2016.

Week 4May 30

Epistemological issues (theoretical basis of nursing)Concepts: Creating and structuring conceptual meaning Theoretical, conceptual, and operational definitions

Meleis: Ch 8, 15Walker and Avant: Ch. 4, 7, 10Other readings as posted on Pilot

Week 5June 6

Selected middle range theories Readings as posted on Pilot

Week 6June 13

Assumptions and statementsStrategies for proposition development and analysis

Walker and Avant: Ch. 5, 8, 11Concept Paper due in drop box by 11:55 p.m. on June 19, 2016.

Week 7June 20

Selected middle range theoriesSelected borrowed theories

Readings as posted on Pilot

Week 8June 27

Nursing theories and their constructionStrategies for theory synthesis and derivation

Meleis: Ch 16 Walker and Avant: Ch. 6, 9, 12Other readings as posted on Pilot

Week 9July 4

Selected borrowed theories Readings as posted on PilotProposition Paper due in drop box by 11:55 p.m. on July 10, 2016.

Week 10July 11

Analysis and evaluation of theories Meleis: Ch 10Other readings as posted on Pilot

Week 11July 18

Selected practice theories Selected practice theories

Week 12July 25

Application of nursing theory to practice, education, administration,and researchInstructor evaluation

Walker and Avant: Ch. 13Readings as posted on PilotPowerPoint due in drop box by 11:55 p.m. on July 28, 2016.

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