Write in your Table of Contents: #6

Robber Barron Matrix

#7 Towards Industrialism Notes

It’s a good day to be a HAWK!

History Alive Slide Lecture Slides

World’s 1st “skyscraper” built in 1885 in Chicago

The Brooklyn Bridge in New York City, 1883

Andrew Carnegie

Industry Key Person Significant Facts

Steel Andrew Carnegie

•1883-Brooklyn Bridge < symbol of American transition

• Bessemer process < turn iron into steel• Skyscrapers < transformed cities

Pioneer Run, Pennsylvania

John D. Rockefeller

Industry Key Person Significant Facts

Oil John D. Rockefeller

• Standard Oil (horizontal consolidation)

• 1st successful oil well drilled in 1859

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Industry Key Person Significant Facts

Railroad Cornelius Vanderbilt

• American Railway Assoc. divided the nation into 4 time zones

“Captains of Industry”

vs.

“Robber barons” – controlled the major industries of the

nation and much of American Society

Social Darwinism – “survival of the fittest”• preserved the strong in society and

weeded out the weak• relieved any unwelcome guilt they may

have felt about poverty in society

Gospel of Wealth – God’s chosen

• for those who found Social Darwinism distasteful

• religious rationale for wealth• Carnegie took this one step further by

saying that society’s fittest had both the talent and responsibility for deciding what was best for society.

Laissez –faire economics – “to let one do”

• government’s proper role was to leave the economy alone

• government interference would disrupt the natural forces at work in the economy

Invention/Technology Window Panes Oil, Well, Drill & Pump

- Edwin L. Drake 1858- Cheaper more efficient

method of obtaining Oil

Electric Power & light bulb- Thomas A Edison

1880- Wide spread, affordable

in-home lighting, increased productivity of the workplace and home

appliances

Alternating current & transformers

- George Westinghouse 1885 - Electricity could be generated

more cheaply and travel further

Telegraphy- Samuel F. B. Morse 1844- Samuel F. B. Morse 1844

- Newly diverse Morse code for telegraphy signaled the start

of a communications revolution

Telephone- Alexander Graham Bell

1876- Created a “talking telegraph” and made it

possible for many people to eventually be linked through phone lines;

facilitated expansion of natural business

Bessemer Process- Henry Bessemer/ William

Kelly 1856- New process for making

steel made it easier and cheaper to remove

impurities; made possible the mass production of steel;

led to new industries and products as well as the

development of skyscrapers and modern bridges

Transportation- EX. Railroad Network

- Revolutionized personal travel; led to time zones (1883); transformed the nature of

business & industry