write revision cards for the following topics: n advantages & disadvantages of questionnaires n...
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Write revision cards for the following topics: Advantages & disadvantages of questionnaires Advantages & disadvantages of using structured
interview to administer questionnaire Definition + advantages & disadvantages of
structured interviews Definition + advantages & disadvantages of semi-
structured interviews Definition + advantages & disadvantages of
unstructured interviews
Questionnaires & Structured Interviews
Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires
Self Completion Where the respondent
answers at leisure and posts back or has it collected
Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires
Advantages Inexpensive – no interviewer to pay Large samples can be covered Fast and efficient analysis can be made Answers can be quantified Postal q’res allow a greater
geographical area to be studied No interviewer bias Fill in at leisure
Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires
Disadvantages Low response Often well below 50% for postal q’res Therefore not representative Respondents might not understand the
q’s and there is no one to ask Answers may be incomplete, illegible or
incomprehensible Closed q’s can limit what respondents
want to say
Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires
Structured Interviews Here the interviewer goes through
the questions and records responses
Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires
Advantages
Response rate is good Interviewers can help to explain
things This can result in more
information Respondents who can’t read or
write can be included
Advantages and Disadvantages of Questionnaires
Disadvantages
More expensive – training and paying interviewers
Cost increases if the sample is spread over a large area
Interviewer bias can affect responses
Interviews
Structured interviews Simply questionnaires read out by
an interviewer The same q’s are read to everyone
in the same order
Semi-structured interviews The questions are in order but the
interviewer has the right to ask the respondent to elaborate on answers
Unstructured interviews These are more like a
conversation Rather than set questions there
are a list of topics to cover Q’s are open and the respondent
has space to answer as fully as they want
Group interviews The interviewer usually meets 8-10
people at one go Focus groups are a type of group
interview where the group discusses various pre-set issues
Structured interviews - advantages Many are the same as
questionnaires Good for :facts :Comparable data :quantitative data less interviewer bias than ones
below
Structured interviews - disadvantages
Limit answers Can’t elaborate
Semi-Structured interviews - advantages
Shares ads of structured interviews
Plus interviewer can probe for more info
Adds depth to interview
Semi-Structured interviews -disadvantages
Loss of standardisation & comparability
Probes make each interview slightly different
More chance of interviewer bias than above
Group interviews - advantages
Focus groups are becoming more popular
Can produce rich qualitative data
Group interviews - disadvantages
Individuals can be influenced by the group
Individuals may feel that they haven’t had a chance to give their own view
Unstructured Interviews- advantages
Sensitive issues can be researched Interviewee is put at ease Interviewee can open up more Not restricted to pre set answers Answers can be developed further Interviewer can ask further
questions
Unstructured Interviews- advantages
Gives rich indepth data Seen as more valid Good for opinions, values and
attitudes Skilled interviewers can help
explain and draw out more info than other types of interview
Unstructured Interviews- disadvantages
Interviewer bias is more of a problem
Age, gender, ethnicity etc of interviewer may affect reponses
Social desirability – interviewees want to present themselves in a certain way
Truth – some tell lies intentionally
Unstructured Interviews- disadvantages
Some genuinely forget details Validity can be questioned Comparability is difficult with the
qualitative data produced Difficult to code and quantify data Difficult to see correlations