writing and connecting objectives to data collection

Writing and connecting objectives to data collection

When presented with a motor action with an object and asked to “do this,” J will imitate 5 motor actions using objects/materials

What is the target behavior?

…imitate 5 motor actions using objects/materials

What behavioral dimensions should we consider?

What data collection system should be used?

When presented with a motor action with an object and asked to “do this,” J will imitate 5 motor actions using objects/materials with 40% accuracy on 3 out of 4 data sessions

Move car

+ +

Put in + +

Shake __

+ +

Pound ___

- -

Roll ____

+ -

Joseph has difficulty in reading. He is very slow. We are interested in increasing his fluency (how fast he reads).

What is the target behavior?

What is the behavioral dimension?

Given a 5th grade reading passage, Joseph will read 97 words per minute across three one minute reading passages.

Reading passage 1 40 40

Trial 2 42

Trial 3 48Reading passage 2 39 39

Trial 2 43

Trial 3 48Reading passage 3 46 46

Trial 2 45

Trial 3 50

J will independently follow all the steps in washing hands routine

What behavioral dimension? how often it happens (frequency)What data system? “all the steps” indicates a Task

Analysis or event recording

J will independently follow all the steps in washing hands routine 4 out of 5 opportunities with 100% accuracy

DateTurn on water -Get hands wet XGet soap -Wash XRinse hands XGet towel -Turn off water -Dry hands -Throw towel away -

J had difficulty staying on task even with leisure activities. Mother has requested that we work on getting him to stay engaged for at least 3 minutes so she can have a moment alone when in the house.

What behavioral dimensions should we consider?Duration – how long he stays with the activityFrequency - how many times he stays with the activity for 3 minutes

After choosing a leisure activity, J will engage in that structured activity from for 3 minutes 4 out of 5 opportunities.

Given three different reading materials (e.g, flashcards, books, signs in the community), Gitit will read 50 functional sight words (see list) with 100% accuracy.

When given a task that is new and difficult, Neil will request assistance/help at least once during the activity without engaging in challenging behavior.

Graphing

Summary of raw data into a readable format

A picture says a thousand words

Clear, easy to interpret and everyone on same page

Conversion of Data

Need to convert raw data into a more representative number

Frequency data that is collected with different number of opportunities -- percentage

Frequency data when varying amounts of time were available – rate

Interval or Time Sampling is reported in terms of number of intervals the behavior occurred or percent intervals the behavior occurred

Duration or Latency is reported in terms of number of seconds, minutes, etc…

Calculate the percentage

Divide the number of correct responses by the total number of responses and multiply the result by 100

Number of correct responses

X 100= %

Total number of responses

Computing Rate

A rate of correct responding is computed by dividing the correct responses by the time taken for responding:

# correct

Correct Time =

Time

Computing a rate of error may be done by dividing the number of errors by the time:

Errors

Rate of Error =

Time

Alberto & TroutmanApplied Behavior Analysis for Teachers, 7e

Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

All rights reserved.

Line graphs

Data are graphed at the appropriate intersections

Basic Components of a Line Graph

a. Ordinate label e. Continuity breakb. Ordinate f. Data pointc. Abscissa label g. Abscissad. Data path

Sessions

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

109876543210

L A B E L

A

B C

DE

F

G




Cumulative graphs

The number of occurrences are added to the previous session

This approach provides the total number of responses

Graphs must always trend upward

Bar graphs or Histograms

Data is plotted using a bar to represent the occurrences of the behavior

Permanent Product- Data to Graph

Graphed as a number of items If the number of opportunities is constant

or percentage of items If the number of opportunities varies

Summary of Data Conversion Process

Type of Recording Data Conversion

Permanent Product * Report number of occurrences

if both time and opportunities to respond are constant

Event * Report percentage if time is constant (or not of concern) and opportunities vary.

* Report rate if both time (which is of concern) and opportunities vary, OR if time varies and opportunities are constant.

Interval * Report number of intervals if constant

Time Sampling * Report percentage of intervals

during or at the end of which behavior occurred.

Duration * Report number of seconds/minutes/hours

for which the behavior occurred.

Latency * Report number of seconds/minutes/hours

between antecedent stimulus and onset of behavior.




Provide a critical analysis of the objectives below:

J will imitate 8 motor actions with gestural/ visual/verbal cues upon request using objects/materials with 40% accuracy on 3 out of 4 opportunities

Given the need to wash his hands, J will independently perform all the steps in washing hands routine 4 out of 5 opportunities with 100% accuracy

J will increase engagement from 30 seconds to 3 minutes 4 out of 5 opportunities

Given a 5th grade reading passage, Joseph will read 30 words per minute across three reading passages.

Given three different reading materials (e.g, flashcards, books, signs in the community), Gitit will read 50 functional sight words with 100% accuracy.


When participating in structured game with peers, J will take turns for 5 minutes.

When at recess, J will engage in social interactions 80% of the time.

J will use self-management strategies to calm himself when agitated 100% of the time.

Answers

J will imitate 8 motor actions with gestural/ visual/verbal cues upon request using objects/materials with 40% accuracy on 3 out of 4 opportunities

J will perform all the steps in washing hands routine 4 out of 5 opportunities with 100% accuracy.

J will increase engagement when given structured leisure activities from 30 seconds to 3 minutes 4 out of 5 opportunities

Given a 5th grade reading passage, Joseph will read 97 words per minute across three reading passages.

Given three different reading materials (e.g, flashcards, books, signs in the community), Gitit will read 50 functional sight words (see list) with 100% accuracy.


Answers cont. When participating in structured game with

peers, J will at least 5 turn takes across 3 game sessions.

When at recess, J will engage in social interactions 80% of the sampled intervals of the time.

J will use self-management strategies to stop yelling when agitated 100% of the time.

J will ask for a break, instead of yelling, when completing a difficult task and agitated 8 of 10 times of sampled opportunities

writing and connecting objectives to data collection

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