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Writing Arguments The difference between a formal and an informal argument is in the burden of proof. The difference between a formal and an informal argument is in the burden of proof.TRANSCRIPT
Writ ing Arguments
College Composition 2
Part I
Colorado State University Writing GuideWriting Arguments p/t 1.ppt
Created by Stan Proctor, MEd.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
An argument is a formal presentation of evidence
that supports a particular claim or position
regarding an issue of interest to a specific
audience.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
The difference between a formal and an informal
argument is in the burden of proof.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
• A formal argument clearly states the claim or position it argues.• Presents a well-developed
chain of evidence.• Leads to a reasonable
conclusion supporting the claim.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
• A informal argument contains little or no supportive evidence.• “I did the dishes last night.”• Its purpose is simply to
assert a point or point something out.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Academic Arguments
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
A academic argument is a formal argument
constructed according to the specific conventions
of the academic discipline in which it is presented.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Common to all Arguments• The claim must be arguable.• The argument must be
rational.• The logic must be cohesive.•Credit must be given where
credit is due.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Parts of an Argument•Clearly stated position.
By definition, an argument requires the existence of debatable issue—there must be at least two sides.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Types of Positions
•Claims of Fact•Claims of Cause & Effect•Claims of Value•Claims of Policy
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Claims of Fact
• Presents verifiable forms of evidence as the supporting foundation for an inferred position statement.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Claims of Fact
It’s a claim that can be proven by actual facts that
are pertinent to the issue.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Claims of Cause & Effect
• Propositions based on the concept that one thing influences or causes another.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Claims of Cause & Effect
“Rap music makes its audience members prone to
violence.”
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Claims of Value
• Inherently involves a judgment based on comparing and contrasting one position with another and assigning a value of good or bad to each.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Claims of Value
“Danielle Steele is the best romance novelist of the last
quarter century.”
“Democracy is the best form of government.”
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Claims of Policy
• Propose and promote policies and solutions based on changing and existing policy that is either inadequate or conducive to its perpetuation.
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Claims of Policy
“Football causes too many injuries and should be
banned.”
“Dress standards should not be imposed on college age
students.”
W r i t i n g A r g u m e n t s
Claims of Policy
A complex argument may require sub claims to support the main one.
Remember that there may be more than one solution
to an issue.
Writ ing Arguments
College Composition 2
Part I
Writing Arguments p/t 1.ppt
Created by Stan Proctor, MEd.