writing process pp

7/29/2019 Writing Process Pp

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Writing Well in Six Steps Explore ideas

Prewrite

OrganizeWrite a first draft

Revise the draft

Produce the final copy


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Step 1: Explore IdeasExploring ideas means discovering the ideas.

There are three questions that you can ask.

What is my subject?What is my purpose?

Who is my audience?


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YOUR SUBJECTAsk yourself the following:

What jobs have I done or I am doing now?

What do I know about these jobs?Which jobs do I feel strongly about? What do I love or

hate? What parts make me angry or happy?


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Now choose the job, and search for more detail.

What tools or materials do I use in my job?

How do I perform each task?Which tasks are most interesting or boring?

What examples or little stories best illustrate thesepoints?


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YOUR PURPOSE to inform, to persuade, or to entertainor maybe to

do all three.


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(inform) Glassmaking began almost 5,000 years ago inEgypt.

(entertaining) Perhaps the Egyptians were nosy, sothey invented glass windows to look inside theirbuildings.

(persuade) Glass making may seem unimportant, but

it probably one of the most important inventions inthe last 5,000 years.


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Your AudienceSubject: the value of popular music

1. Audience: people between the ages of eighteen and

thirtyenjoyment from listening and dancing

2. Audience: professional musicians

Profits, enjoyment, fame

Note: add two or three points you would include in yourwriting.


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Step 2: Prewrite Brainstorming

Clustering

Freewriting


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Brainstorming listing thoughts as they come to you

Deliver pizza for Guidos Grand Pizza

Pay: minimum wage plus tipswork nights, 6 to 10boos is impatientmust use cell phonehate some customerslady who always complainssleepy boy who answers bell after six rings

four young guys who always forget to tip


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Clustering In clustering, your write your subject in the middle of

the page and then circle it. You write related ideasaround the circle as they occur to you. Then you circlethe ideas and connect them to your subject circle.These related ideas are like branches.

You can then add more branches to the subject circleor to the related ideas as they occur to you. Acompleted clustering chart might look like this:


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FreewritingYou simple write about the subject without worrying

about sentence structure, spelling, logic, and grammar.Write as you would speak so that you can get yourideas down fast.


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Ex: FreewritingI work part-time delivering pizza for Guidos grandPizza. My hours are 6 to 10 three nights during the weekand on Saturday evening. I drive an old car held

together with wire and chewing gum. I have to use a cellphone because new orders come in all night, I needdirections, and some customers wont open the doorunless I call. Customers can be difficult. One woman, Ill

call Ms. Rich, thinks she is very important. Every time Ideliver a pizza, she complains. Its not what she ordered,it smells funny. (of course, she keeps on ordering.) Allher gold bracelets and jewelry


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Step 3: Organize Selecting, Subtracting, and Adding

Outlining


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Selecting, Subtracting, and Adding Think again about your purpose and audience. What

goal do you want to accomplishto inform, persuade,or entertain? What point do you want to make? Andwhat should you tell your readers so you canaccomplish those goals? Return to your freewritingand do the following:


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Underline or highlight the best ideas in yourbrainstorming list. Then rewrite the list, putting

related ideas together. Add to the list as more ideasoccur to you, and remove or ignore the parts that arentrelated to your choices.

Choose the part of the clustering diagram that has thebest ideas. Do a second clustering diagram that

explores those ideas in greater detail. Ignore the partsof the original diagram that arent related to yourchoice.

Circle or highlight the best parts of your freewriting.

Do a second or even a third freewriting on them.Ignore the parts of each freewriting that arent relatedto your choice. And focus more specifically on yoursubject and add more details.


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OutliningAfter deciding to focus on customers, the pizza

delivery writer can make an informal outline. Thethree customers are the main categories, which he listsand numbers. Then he includes some supportingdetails under each category. The outline would looksomething like this:


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Outlining1. Ms. Rich

Answers door wearing gold bracelet and other jewelryComplains about pizzaOne time: too cold

Another time: it smells funnyAnother time: wants a discount

2. Sleepy SamArrives after 14 minutesHalf asleep

Cant find money, finally gives me $20 and doesnt count thechange

3. The Young GuysLoud musicWearing T-shirt

Never tip me


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Step 4: Write a First DraftTips for Drafting

Say something aloud before you write it.

Write fast by hand or by computer. Use only one side of the paper.

Leave wide margins and double-space to make roomfor changes.

Save your work every five or ten minutes on thecomputer.


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I have a part-time job delivering pizzas for GuidosGrand Pizza three nights a week and Saturday nights. Idont mind driving an old car held together with wire

and chewing gum, but the customers can be difficult.One woman, Ill call her Ms. Rich, answers the door

wearing all sorts of jewelry. Every time I deliver a pizza,she complains about something. Once she opened the

box and told me she wanted triple extra cheese, notdouble. She even demanded a discount. I had to give herthe discount pizza myself


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Step 5: Revise the DraftTips for Revising

Make note in the marginsor write new material onseparate sheet of paper.

Circle words you think you misspelled or will want tochange later.

Tape or staple additions where you want them to go.

On the computer, use cut-and-paste or insertcommands to move things around.

Print out a double-spaced copy for revisions: slowdown and revise in pencil.


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Step 6: Produce the Final Copy Editing

Check your work carefully. Focus on grammar, wordchoice, verbs forms, punctuation, and spelling. Useyour dictionary and any other reference materials youneed. Read the paper more than once.


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Proofreading

Proofreading means carefully examining the final copyagain. Check the corrections you made. Are theyaccurate? Are they complete? Did you make any newerrors? Read through the paper slowly. Place a rulerunder each line to focus your eyes. If necessary, make anew, clean copyand then proofread that copy.


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I work part-time three weeknights and on Saturday night deliveringfor Guidos Grand Pizza. I dont mind driving an old car togetherwith wire and chewing gum, but the customers can be difficult. Oneregular customer, Ms. Rich, answers the door wearing dozens of

gold bracelets, a gold necklace, and diamond earrings. She alwayscomplains the pizza is too cold, or it is not what she ordered, or itsmells funny. Once she looked in the box and screamed that she

wanted triple extra cheese, not double. She even demanded adiscount. I charged her $2 less rather than lose the sale and eat the

pizza myself. Another customer, Sleepy Sam, takes fourteenminutes to answer the door after I ring the bell six times. He arriveshalf asleep and sways back and forth like a man on ship in a storm.Sometimes I think I could give him cheese on cardboard and he

wouldnt know the difference. He cant find money in the pockets of

his torn pants, but eventually he gives me a $20 bill and doesntcount the change. Then there are the Young Guys. When one ofthem opens the door, the loud music from the apartment hurts myears. He grabs the pizza, pays me, and gives me a thank-you butnever a tip. The customers are not always friendly, but they makethe job interesting. Besides, it pays for my school tuition andbooksand its better than no job at all.

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