written language and technology supports
DESCRIPTION
Supporting students with writing difficulties Free tech tools to support writingTRANSCRIPT
Written Expression and
TechnologyDr. Cheryl Wissick, University of South Carolina
Why technology in writing?
•Teach skills •Focus on accommodations•Provide Multiple means of expression for UDL•Integrate technology into the process of writing
GoalsPresent aspects of technology integration with written languagePresent free tools Introduce top names in toolsDemonstrate ways to integrate wp & integrate toolsShow programs and apps for young children or students with developmental disabilities
Response to Intervention
Provide Universal Intervention using Free Web Tools
MultiTier Instruction
Writing Characteristics of Students :Mild & Developmental Disabilities
Disorganized Low self-esteem High frustration level Low motivation Unaware of strategies
(Anderson-Inman, 1999; Bridges, 1996; Okolo, 2000; Strum & Rankin, 1997; Zhang, 2000)
Word Processing
How or why do you train students to use word processing?What are the effects of keyboarding?What about alternative keyboards?What are advantages of word prediction?Can prompted writing help?What other strategies can be used to assist students with written language?
Technology can provide• AutoSummarize• Graphic organizer
• Special word tools• Keyboarding• Collaborative
writing
• Alternative Representation of material
• Compensation for weaknesses• Handwriting• Grammar• Spelling• organization
Ways to evaluate effectiveness:
QualityQuantityAccuracy
• Rate• Frequency• Spontanei
ty
Written Expression & TechnologyKeyboards & Input DevicesTranscription
Text to speechWord PredictionVoice Recognition
Creative WritingGraphic OrganizersIdeas for using WordResearch Strategies & Tools
Digital StoryTelling
Keyboards
Kids KeyMini Keyboard
http://www.enablemart.com/Catalog/Alternative-Keyboards
New Standard Keyboard
http://www.enablemart.com/Catalog/Alternative-Keyboards
TouchScreenUse with onscreen
keyboard
http://www.enablemart.com/Catalog/Alternative-Keyboards
Whiteboards
Smart Table for collaborative work
Transcription
Keyboarding vs. writingStudents need to be taught keyboardingWhen students start quantity goes downThe process of word processing must be considered as part of the writing process and explicitly taught.
Keyboarding Resources
Diana King Method Keyboarding
Keyboarding research & resourceshttp://keyboarding.wordpress.com/
Crews Middle School Keyboarding
Can you read this?
Effectiveness of spell check
Baseline: 67% accuracy 34 errors in 103 wordsWord processor: accuracy 72%
Labeled 27 of 34 words as incorrectIdentified correct spelling for ONLY 5 wordsbick (bike)sidew (sideway)
tok (took -1)ovr (over -1)oupn (open - 1)
Effectiveness of text to speech feedback and word processor
• Two additional words were identified
grndepants (grandparents) afer (over)
Accuracy: 74%
Text to Speech feedback
ReadPlease http://www.readplease.com Natural Reader http://www.naturalreaders.com See Webtoolbox wiki for more:http://webtoolboxes.wikispaces.com/Reading
Special Spelling Tools
Ghotit
Ginger (14 day trial)
All in one-- Word processors
WYNN by Freedom ScientificRead and Write Gold by TextHelpKurzweil 3000 by KurzweilWrite Outloud by Don JohnstoneReader by CASTIntellitalk by Intellitools
Word PredictionMost of us use word prediction daily…Misconceptions
User does not have to choose one of the words so it does not effect the choice of wordsWill not always provide a correct word and students can override the dictionary so the dictionary fills with misspelled words
Accommodation or Modification?
Effectiveness of word predictionUsing 5 guesses in the word prediction window, 83% accuracyI went to my grandparents and me and my brother got to go swimming. And arved day we ride bikes. We went to the fille and we drit stir. And we went out to rat privy. And at chene we open pitt. The next day I was on my bike and I was riding and my bike got cart and rar ovr sideways and almost got ran afer by a car. But probably tide. And then we went back home. Once we got home we got to ump prinst. And we got lint lamps. And me and my brother took the crd out.
Word prediction observations
Disadvantage of moving from correct keyboarding to the number or mouseTyping faster than words are predictedTendency to type the
whole word even when it appeared in the list.
Word Prediction Tools
Programs integrate with othersWordQ works with WorkWrite Outloud by Don Johnston
Integrated Systems: Word processor, web reader, dictionary, word prediction
Intellitalk by IntellitoolsWYNN by Freedom ScientificRead and Write Gold by TextHelpKurzweil 3000 by Kurzweil
Free demos or 30 day trial
Wissick, 2007
FREE Writing Support
Click n TypeFree onscreen keyboardWord prediction
Voice Recognition
Conversion of speech to textBuilt into operating system to control computer (Windows 7 and Mac OSX)Dragon Naturally Speaking (most well known and used)
Consider 10 hours of training timeConsider reading level to train originally http://www.next-wave-solutions.com/index.html
Word Web
Help with vocabulary for writing
Idea Generator & Word count
Idea GeneratorWord Analyzer
Teaching ActivitiesGraphic OrganizersPrepare activities that will
Scaffold the writing processIntegrate with other activities, standards and contentAllow students to practice using a feature in the w.p. while practicing writing or language skills
Copy/cut/paste or move textEditing skills instead of rewritingFormatting skills
Essentially a visual, or graphic, representation of the organization of
information or of a story•prewriting tool or planning tool
•assess prior knowledge
•organize ideas & blend information into written product
•visualize how new information fits into existing frames
•encourage students to make predictions
•move from a part to a whole
•provide a visual organization for ideas
•visualize the relationships between words & ideas
Prewriting Using Inspiration
Expansion
Graphic & Outline Things I did on summer vacation
I when to camp for two weeks. We rode horses we went on overnight hiking trips I learned to swim
went to stay at my grandma's house I visited my cousins I helped my grandma plant her flowers Grandma made all my favorite foods
family trip to the beach we found lots of sea shells on the beach I met my new best friend at the beach One day there were some dead fish on the beach
Results & Observations Increased quality up to 24% Increased quantity up to 57% Attitudes about Writing
Less resistance to writing Less negative comments and behaviors
Computer Usage Limitations of Keyboarding skills
apparent Keyboarding much improved Computers incentive for many
Writing Strategies More planning observed except during
testing Talk about helpfulness of planning
Blair, 2003
Visual thinking Inspiration 30 dayKidspiration 30 dayCmapFreemindSpark SpaceSmart OrganizerReadWriteThink
Collaborative OrganizersMindmeisterMyWebspirationThinkgraphBubbl.usCreately
Writing Structure the process of writingResearch CollaborativeFree writingSpark an interest in topic
Remember to be effective:Integrate the technology into the
writing process.
Word Processing Activities
Use cut and paste to sequence the sentences:
Eating lunch
We went back home.We went to Subway. We ordered one big sub.We picked our topping.
Language Skills: Reading and Sequencing, Computer skill: cut/paste or move
Word Processing ActivitiesSkill: Matching & moving pictures in a document
UDL Alternatives:•Students can use scissors to cut and paste images.•Students can work with a peer.•Students can use a touch screen
Activities can reinforce facts.
Objective: To redo the group of two sentences to create one sentence use copy, cut and paste.
The kidneys filter out waste.The kidneys filter our blood.
7th grade scienceLanguage activity supports science learning.
Activities can reinforce facts.
Possible sentences:
The kidneys filter out waste in our blood. The kidneys filter out waste as they filter our
blood. The kidneys filter our blood and get our
waste.
7th grade science
Practice one skill at a time
Use the word processor to insert the correct punctuation and capitalization for this paragraph.
it was a dark and stormy night the wind was blowing very hard the rain started to come through the windows and through the cracks in the roof we put pans under the drops we sat in the center of the room to keep warm we could not keep a fire going that night
Review & practice a new skill
Change this paragraph from a gloomy mood to a happy mood by using opposites for certain words.
It was a dark and stormy night. The wind was blowing very hard. The rain started to come through the windows and through the cracks in the roof. We put pans under the drops. We sat in the center of the room to keep warm. We could not keep a fire going that night.
For some students have certain words underlined.
Using Text to Speech & Assessment
Use for testing & individualized assessment- example of a test for a unit on matter
What other activitiesWord study: antonyms, synonyms,Sequencing complete storySequencing words in a sentencesSorting (ex: Fact vs. opinion)Matching word with meaningComparing: Similarities / differences
Research and Writing
WIKIPEDIA
Scroll down languages to Simple English
Autosummarize Demo
Demonstration of Autosummarize
In Word 2007, add autosummarize to the Ribbon
Guided research on the web
Strategy Tutor: http://cst.cast.org/cst/auth-login
CAST: Science Writer
4Teachers.org
Note Star learn to take notes for research
Persuade Star guide to write persuasively
Track Star Tools to support
writing and research
ReadWriteThink
Writing and Publishing Prose
Search by topic, grade, or skill.
Guided work
ReadWriteThink
ReadWriteThink
PBWorks Wikispaces Zoho wiki Google Sites
TIGedHaikuBloggerEdublogs
Wiki Vs.
Blog
Create secure environment for students to write, express and critique
Collaborate with other student: vocabulary
Learn how to provide feedbackPost an article, have students edit
Digital Story Tellingdigital story A short, first person video
narrative created by combining recorded voice, still and moving images, and music or other sounds.
CartoonsAnimationPresentationsVisual and Voice presentations
Bookbuilder
by CASTCreate
books with multiple supports
Voicethread
Digital Storytelling Resources
DoInk collaborate on custom drawings
ToonDoo Cartoon Strip CreatorStorybird short visual storiesKerPoof doodling and moviesPrezi Present and splashGlogster Poster yourself
WordleSpell with FlickerCool Text
FLICKr share photos FlipVideo create video to add to stories Audacity for podcasts and audio
recordings JING easy screen capture
Want a Jing demo?
Rebus Writing
Young Children Students with autism Pictures – rebus writing Advantages
Link objects to photos Link photos to pictures Link pictures to symbols Link symbols to words
Writing with SymbolsTalking word processorRebus writing Interactive Writing or Aug com
Activity
Symbol Worldhttp://www.symbolworld.org
Askability http://www.askability.org.uk/
Want More…
ThinkfinityPBSBBCDiscovery SchoolNational GeographicEducation World
Final Thoughts
Collecting DataGraphing with ExcelHave ideas or resources contact
me.
Behavior Tracker Pro
Collect and graph data on behavior
Add multiple students
Edit list of behaviors
Output graphs for duration or frequency.
Apps for Smartphones
Search under: Education Medical
Locabulary – location based vocabulary
iReward
iCommunicate – picture schedule
iConverse