WS3Antwerp

16-17 October 2014

JUST/2011/JPEN/AG/2975

QUALETRAJUST/2011/JPEN/AG/2975

With financial support from the Criminal Justice Programme of the European Commission Directorate General Justice

More info: qualetra@eulita.eu

Workstream 3 Training

WS3: Activities (1)

(1) Identification of the competences and skills making up the professional profile of the Legal Translator by building on:

a) EMT; Building Mutual Trust; Aequitas; Final Reports of SIGTIPS,  “Reflection Forum on Multilingualism and Interpreter Training “ and “The status of the translation profession in the European Union”; Survey on training Status Quaestionis...

b) The ECQA skills cards for certified professions relevant to the profession of the Legal Translator (e.g. Terminology Manager Basic). 

c) Advice from legal and translation experts on the team.

(2) Identification of language/communication training needed by Legal Practitioners by building on: 

a) “European judicial training of European legal practitioners” AWP 2012; “Judicial training in the European Union Member States” (2011); “Building Trust in EU-Wide Justice. A New Dimension to European Judicial Training”, (2011); Guidelines on language training by European Judicial Training Network (2011)...

b) Advice from legal and translation experts on the team.

transfer skills;  AEQUALITAS (p. 51)Improve their legal interpreting and translation competences and thus provide them with the competences that are necessary if they wish to perform more complex tasks. . AEQUALITAS (p. 51)

legal translators must be able to identify what sources of information they may require to resolve particular translation difficulties and use simple research methods to locate such sources both, hard copy and electronic.

AEQUITAS (pp. 35-40)

•Transfer skills (one and two ways): short consecutive and whispered simultaneous interpreting skills and translation skills. AEQUITAS (pp. 55-56)•improve translation and interpreting skills (transfer skills, one and twoway interpreting) in specific and specialised settings•be able to use translation and interpreting strategies such as adaptation, modulation, etc. effectively

AEQUITAS (pp. 61-63)

Specific competencies Components/core content Performance criteria BUILDING MUTUAL TRUST PROJECT (pp.14-16)2. Transfer skills Written Translation

•High level reading comprehension skills•High level writing skills in both languages, including mastery of different registers and legal terminology•Knowledge of the professional code of conduct for translators•Knowledge of relevant sources (human, electronic, paper-based) for use in translation preparation•Awareness of legal systems and procedures•Knowledge of available translation tools•Text revision skills•Basic research skills

See:Ostarhild, E., 2001. Linguistic standards for legal interpreters and translators at Diploma or First Degree/BA level and at MA level. In: E. Hertog ed. Aequitas: Access to Justice across Language and Culture in the EU. Antwerp: Lessius Hogeschool, pp.41-87. Also [online] available at: http://www.agisproject.com/Documents/Aequitas.pdf[accessed 14 April 2011].National Occupational Standards for Languages, Translation, Interpreting and Intercultural Working (CILT, UK), [online] available at: http://www.cilt.org.uk/home/research_and_statistics/research/cilt_activities/occupational_standards.aspx [accessed 14 April 2011].National Standard Guide for Community Interpreting Services (HIN, Canada), [online] available at: www.healthcareinterpretation.homestead.com/standards.html [accessed 14 April 2011].

Module 2: Transfer SkillsTransfer skills are those skills related to rendering written texts or spoken discourse produced in one language into a second language, maintaining all the semantic content and nuances of the original. 

BUILDING MUTUAL TRUST PROJECT

Essential Desirable BUILDING MUTUAL TRUST PROJECTFirst-level university degree in any of the following disciplines:Translation and interpreting

Interpreting skills: mastery of the various forms of interpreting (dialogue, consecutive, simultaneous, sight translation) and the appropriate supportive strategies (such as memory, note-taking, stress management, etc.).

REFLECTION FORUM ON MULTILINGUALISM AND INTERPRETER TRAINING  (p.9)

Module 5: Interpreting skills: dialogue, consecutive with and without note-taking, simultaneous and whispered simultaneous, sight translation. Mastery of the role of the legal interpreter (introduction, positioning, turn-taking, when and how to ask for clarification, etc.).

REFLECTION FORUM ON MULTILINGUALISM AND INTERPRETER TRAINING (p.11)

They should include at least the following: interpreting and translation skills, SIGTIPS (p. 18)

K1 The process of translating written text from one language into another. K3 Techniques to localise translated text to the culture of the intended readership,  including conventions for communication.K9 Techniques to assure the quality of the translation, such as proofreading, review, revision  and back translation, and when these techniques are best used.K10 Techniques to produce translators’ notes and when to apply these. K12 Techniques to produce a satisfactory translation in a live setting.

NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS IN TRANSLATION

Translators shall have at least the following competences.a) Translating competence: Translating competence comprises the ability to translate texts to the required level, i.e. in accordance with 5.4. It includes the ability to assess the problems of text comprehension and text production as well as the ability to render the target text in accordance with the client-TSP agreement (see 4.4) and to justify the results.

PREN 15038:2006 (pp. 6-7)

Examiners and educators' responses Practitioners responses IMPROVEMENTS TO NAATI TESTING (p. 52)3 Translation / Transfer skills (51) Comprehension / Understanding / Analytical skills (62)

6 Accuracy /Equivalence / Omissions / Faithfulness (23) Terminology / vocabulary / use of dictionaries (38)

14 Editing / Checking (5) Translation / Transfer skills (12)

1. 1. Transfer skills (one and two ways)Transfer skills (one and two ways)

Competences of the LT

WS3: Activities (2)

(3) Administration of an EU-wide survey on current practices in the training of legal translators and legal practitioners provided by:

• professional associations, ad hoc training schemes, training institutes and higher education institutions.

(4) Collection of programme descriptions of legal training for translators and language/communication training for practitioners

(5) Comparison of results with existing literature as foundation for the development of core curricula for LTs and LPs and of sample training materials and,

(6) In collaboration with ECQA, for the development of a Skills card for the professional translator of criminal proceedings.

WS3: Outputs

1. 4 workstream meetings:• Trieste (May 2013); Antwerp (December 2013); Riga (June 2014); Paris 

(August 2014).

2. Insights in and knowledge of existing legal training for translators and language/communication training for legal practitioners

3. Certification of a training programme for legal translators of criminal proceedings

4. Dissemination of survey results and training recommendations:

• EULITA/TEPIS 2014 (Krakow, April 2014); TC 2014 (London, June 2014); Translata 2014 (Innsbruck, October 2014).

Target groups:Translator trainers, Legal practitioners, Professional associations

1 Survey

2 Integrative EMT-based model for legal translation competence

3 Recommended training for legal translators in criminal proceedings

4 Sample training materials for that training:

a) Genre analysis of Italian and French essential documents (EDs)b) Genre analysis of English European Arrest Warrant (EAWs)c) Training Module on Directive 2010/64/EU 

5 ECQA Skills card for the certification of the profession “Legal Translator in Criminal Proceedings”

WS3: Deliverables http://www.eulita.eu/qualetra

Target group:Translator trainers, Legal practitioners, Professional associations

6 Certification procedures and sample tests for the ECQA certification “Legal Translator in Criminal Proceedings”

7 Recommended training for legal practitioners on “Good practice on working with legal translators”

8 Vademecum drafted by EULITA for users of legal translations

WS3: Deliverables http://www.eulita.eu/qualetra

WS3 Survey resultsRespondents – Frequency Map

WS3 Survey resultsRespondents

• Administered between April 2013 and April 2014• Web-based software Qualtrics provided by KU Leuven• Addressees:

• CIUTI, FIT, EULITA, EUATC members• the QUALETRA Launch conference attendants,• a 2,000-strong mailing list compiled by KU Leuven,• the TRANSLATIO mailing list,• other contacts identified by QUALETRA partners.

• 59 respondents (complete questionnaires) from 19 countries (EU Member States + Morocco/Russia/Serbia/Turkey)

WS3 Survey resultsRespondents

1. Institutions offering programmes to “linguists” (i.e. translators, interpreters, terminologists etc.) at BA/MA level

2. Training programmes targeted at both linguists and legal practiotioners mostly at MA level;

3. Language/translation programmes for legal practitioners (especially provided by professional associations, police offices or public administrations).

WS3: Survey results

Main results in accordance with previous studies• e.g. Judicial Training in the European Union Member States (2011) of the DG 

for Internal policies;

• The foreign languages taught are mainly bigger languages • Clear lack of training in LPs’ programmes about working conditions 

of LITs• Both LTs and LPs recognized the importance of :

• Foreign-language skills (more important for training programmes for LPs)• Legal knowledge (mainly national and comparative law).

• Translation-oriented skills were deemed as essential only by programmes for LTs.

EMT Expert GroupCompetences for professional translators,

experts in multilingual and multimedia communication

QUALETRA

INTEGRATIVE EMT-BASED GRID OF COMPETENCES FOR LEGAL TRANSLATORS

WS 3: Other deliverables for training LTs in criminal proceedings

• Recommended training for LTs in criminal proceedings based on the competences/skills to be developed.

• Sample training materials for developing those competences and skills

• e.g. Genre analysis of essential documents (EDs) and European Arrest Warrants (EAWs) in various languages; Training module on Directive 2010/64/EU

• Specific ECQA Skills Card, certification procedures and sample tests for the certification “Legal Translator in Criminal Proceedings”

• e.g. Multiple choice test on the legal knowledge and on monolingual legal terminology in English and Italian

Recommended training for LTs in criminal proceedings – Example of a Module

QUALETRA Syllabus for Legal Translator Training

Competence(s) involved Learning objectives QUALETRA sample training materials

MODULE: Introduction to national criminal law and procedure

THEMATIC COMPETENCE

Familiarity with main domains of law

Knowledge of different procedures in legal systems involved

Awareness of current legal issues, e.g. EU Directives relating to legal translation

Mastery of legal concepts and asymmetries between different legal systems

PowerPoint Presentation: “Training Module onDirective 2010/64/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Right to Interpretation and Translation in Criminal Proceedings”

Judgment• Name of the case, “Regina” or “R.”, vs. 

name of the indicted person• Identification number • Court and date of the trial• Neutral citation: year, court and 

number of the case• Identification details of the document 

including year, ‘WL’ and serial number of the case

• Names of the Judges• Date of the trial written in full• ‘Representation’ followed by name of 

the lawyer• Title of the document• Previous decisions of other Courts

Sentenza

• Numero di identificazione • Tribunale competente• Tipo del documento • Intestazione Repubblica 

italiana• Giudici e difensori• Generalità dell’imputato• Imputazioni

Qualetra ECQA Skills card:certification “Legal translator in criminal proceedings”

Unit Name: Translation service provision competence

Unit Description: This unit consists of 2 elements:

1. Interpersonal dimension (Professional practice and conduct)

2. Production dimension (Transfer skills)

 

Element Name: Interpersonal dimension (Professional practice and conduct)

Element Description: This element consists of 7 Performance Criteria:

Performance Criteria Description:

• S/he is aware of the social role of the legal translator in criminal proceedings.• S/he has a good knowledge of the relevant national and international professional associations for legal translators.• S/he is aware of the legal obligations and responsibilities resulting from provision of translation services in criminal proceedings.• S/he is aware of the incompatibilities resulting from provision of translation services in criminal proceedings.• S/he is aware of the need to adhere to the duty of confidentiality and impartiality in criminal proceedings.• S/he is aware of the need to brief and obtain access to pertinent documentation.• S/he is aware of potential health and safety issues resulting from provision of translation services in criminal proceedings.

Element Name: Production dimension (Transfer skills)

Element Description: This element consists of 5 performance criteria:

Performance Criterion Description:

• S/he masters one- and two-way translation of essential documents as listed in Directive 2010/64/EU.• S/he masters one- and two-way translation of European Arrest Warrants.• S/he is able to offer a translation appropriate to the specific translation situation with reference to source and target legal systems.• S/he is able to identify translation problems due to discrepancies in the relevant legal systems and to find appropriate solutions.• S/he masters sight translation and oral summary as provided in Directive 2010/64/EU.

Sample test for the Qualetra ECQA Skills card:certification “Legal translator in criminal proceedings”

LTICP.U1.E1.PC1 The  candidate masters  the main domains  and  sub-domains of  criminal  law, especially  the most  frequent offences  in essential documents and European Arrest Warrants, e.g. drugs, fraud and theft.

1.LTICP.U1: Legal knowledge1.LTICP.U1.E1: Criminal law and procedure

1. From the following list, choose one example of an offence against the person:

A theft 

B smugglingC assaultD possession

WS 3: Training for legal practitioners on “Good practice on working with legal translators”

• Not so much language training  but rather a training format to develop a peer interaction between LPs and LTs.

• Academic skills + practical skills:• e.g. listening, interacting in communicative situations, etc.

• Issues to be addressed in a collaborative way:• How communication works across languages and cultures;• Raising awareness and addressing misconceptions about mutual roles; • How legal practitioners can work with legal translators.

Recommended training for legal practitioners: Core Modules

• INTRODUCTION TO THE EU DIRECTIVES DEALING WITH TRANSLATION ISSUES – 1h• The content of the Directives;• Their implementation in national legislation.

• WORKING WITH TRANSLATORS – 2.5h• Translation as a process and as a product;• Introduction to the professional role of the translator and their activities (e.g. intercultural • issues in translation; translators vs. interpreters; written texts vs. oral summaries);• Best practices for recruiting and briefing translators (e.g. national registers, university qualifications, CVs, letters of 

agreement, liability and insurance, security, support, feedback and mentoring).

• JOINT WORKSHOP WITH TRANSLATORS – 3.5h• Practical activities on best practices in Module 2;• Conceptual differences between legal systems;• Evaluation of translation quality, with special focus on EDs and EAWs.• DIRECTIVE 2010/64/EU on the right to interpretation and translation in criminal proceedings.• DIRECTIVE 2012/13/EU on the right to information in criminal proceedings• DIRECTIVE 2013/48/EU on the right of access to a lawyer in criminal proceedings and in European arrest warrant 

proceedings.• DIRECTIVE 2012/29/EU establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime.

.

QUALETRA Vademecum for users of legal translations

• Vademecum drafted by EULITA to offer guidelines on collaboration between legal services and translators

fscarpa@units.it

THANK YOU!