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www.ineoquest.comIneoQuest Technologies, Inc.
IP Video Basics session
Video over IP – Get the Picture!
IneoQuest Technologies, Inc.
Presenter: Rico E. Vitale
[email protected](603) 498-1249
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP TrainingAgenda – Video over IP Basics
• IneoQuest Overview
• Principles of Video over IP
• Compression Overview
• MPEG Data Streams
• Networking Fundamentals
• Video over IP
• Unicasting / Multicasting
• Video over IP – Monitoring & Measurements
• IneoQuest Solutions
• References & Contact Information
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
• Founded in 2001, based in Mansfield, MA• Fast and steady growth
– Greater than 670% - three-year growth rate– Recognized as one of the top ten fastest growing companies - 2007 (Boston Business
Journal)
• IP Video Measurement and Quality/Service Assurance Solutions• Over 300+ unique customers, worldwide
– Telecom Tier 1/2/3, MSO Cable, Broadcast/Satellite, Equipment Manufacturer Markets
• Direct sales and support in North America, Europe and Asia• Committed to helping service providers improve video quality and
control OPEX• Pioneering open streaming IP Video Standards
– Co-author with Cisco of the Media Delivery Index (RFC #4445)
Video over IP TrainingCompany Overview
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Video over IP Training
Why monitor video at all?• “So quiet you can hear a pin drop!” – US Sprint 1986
– Voice customer are LESS demanding
• Consumers are less forgiving when it comes to poor video quality compared to voice calls or data connections– More demanding since HD
• Very little loss can have a detrimental effect on video and the viewers Quality of Experience (QoE)
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Given good quality source video, Packet Loss is the only thing an IP transport network can do to affect
video quality.
MDI = DF : MLR Make sure to check the QualityBEFORE making millions of copies
Video over IP TrainingPrinciples of Video over IP
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Jitter on a single flow can and will lead to changes in behavior on other flows.
Cumulative Jitter does not directly affect video quality, but it is an indicator
of impending loss.
Video over IP TrainingPrinciples of Video over IP
MDI = DF : MLR
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130
131
132
133
134
Channels 1- 129 Channels 134- 210
Monitor All Live IPTV flows, What you don’t watch your customer does!
All programs should be inspected continuously to effectively monitor
IPTV throughout a network.
Video over IP TrainingPrinciples of Video over IP
MDI = DF : MLR
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VIDEO & AUDIO COMPRESSION
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Video over IP TrainingVideo and Audio Compression
• Compression Overview
• Video Compression• Key to Compression: Remove Redundancy
• Video Compression Formats
• MPEG Compression Technologies
• MPEG Video Compression
• MPEG Audio Compression
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Video over IP Training The Need for Compression
• Storage Requirements– Digital storage costs are decreasing significantly– Still be very expensive to store uncompressed TV data – A two-hour SD television program ≈ 200GB
• Bandwidth Requirements– Transmitting uncompressed data significant distance is extremely difficult
• Uncompressed Standard Definition (SD) digital video requires > 200 Mb/s• Uncompressed High Definition (HD) digital video requires > 1Gb/s
• Processing Power / Hardware Requirements– Processing large amounts of video data (storage) in real-time (bandwidth)
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• The goal of video compression is to reduce the quantity of data used to represent video content without substantially reducing the quality of the picture.
Digitization Compression
Decode
Encode
/ / Transport
CompressedDigital Bitstream
UncompressedDigital Bitstream
Analog VideoSequence
Film or Video
Camera
AnalogTV
DigitalTV
The generalized process of compressing digital video for delivery overtransport networks where they are decoded back into digital or analog video
Video over IP Training Video Compression
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• Video compression algorithms take advantage of several Types of Redundancy to reduce the size of the Video Stream.
• Spatial Redundancy– Pixels can be encoded in groups (macro blocks)– Color and Brightness of neighboring pixels often have similar values
• Temporal Redundancy– Changes in an objects location and motion are normally very small from video frame to
frame
• Coding Redundancy– Patterns and common motions often form in video
• Perceptual Coding Redundancy– The human eye cannot perceive minute differences in color and brightness
Video over IP Training Key to Compression: Remove Redundancy
Fewer Bits (storage) & Fewer Bits/second (bandwidth)
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• MPEG generally takes analog or digital video signals and converts them to packets of digital data that are more efficiently transported over a network
• The MPEG system consists of two layers : – System Layer (timing information to synchronize video and audio) – Compression Layer (includes audio and video streams) .
General MPEG Decoding System
Video over IP Training MPEG Compression
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Relative amounts of data for each frame type in a typical MPEG GOP
0
2
4
6
8
10
I B B P B B P B B P B B I
• A frame is a single image from a video sequence.• An I frame (initial, intra) is a frame that is compressed solely based in the information contained
in the frame.• A P frame (predicted) is a frame that has been compressed using the data contained in the
frame itself and data from the closest preceding I or P frame.• A B frame (bi-directional predicted) is a frame that has been compressed using the data from
the closest preceding I or P frame and the closest following I or P frame.• A Group of Pictures or GOP is a series of frames consisting of a single I frame and zero or more
P and B frames.
Video over IP Training MPEG Compression: I, P, B Frames & Group of Pictures
~ 64k Bytes
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Predictive – Minimal
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Predictive – Maximum
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• The order video frames are transmitted can be different than the order they are displayed
• A typical GOP in display order is: B1 B2 I3 B4 B5 P6 B7 B8 P9 B10 B11 P12
• The corresponding bitstream order is:I3 B1 B2 P6 B4 B5 P9 B7 B8 P12 B10 B11
• MPEG can also use a variable GOP to better deal with complex video (not shown). This concentrates I frames together during complex scenes
Video over IP Training MPEG Compression: I, P, B Frames & Group of Pictures
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• Every packet counts
– Video and Audio CODECs remove large amounts of redundancy
– Highly compressed data streams are created
– Very small interruptions in the data stream can significantly reduce video quality
• 1st Principle.: Given good quality source video, Packet Loss is the only thing an IP transport network can do to affect video quality.
Video over IP Training Every Packet Counts
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Building an MPEG Bitstream
Formatting MPEG Video for Transmission
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Video over IP TrainingBuilding an MPEG Bitstream
System Layer Overview
• Elementary Streams (ES)
• Packetized Elementary Stream (PES)
• Program Stream (PS)
• Transport Stream (TS)
• Program Clock Reference (PCR)
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• MPEG Stream Types: Elementary Streams, Packetized Elementary Streams, Program Streams, Transport Streams
Reference Page #(s): 187
Video ES
VideoPES
AudioPES Multiple
Program
TransportStreamVideo
PES
AudioPES
Audio ES
VideoEncoder
AudioEncoder
Packetizer
Packetizer
VideoEncoder
AudioEncoder
Packetizer
Packetizer
PSIPData Transport
StreamMUX
Video ES
Audio ES
Video over IP TrainingSystem Layer: MPEG Stream Types
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• A Program Stream (PS) carries a single program
– In MPEG, a program is a combination of video, audio, and related data
– All information in the program stream must have a common time-base.
• Typically one video is combined with one or more audio streams
Reference Page #(s): 191
Video PES
+ Audio PES 1
+ Audio PES 2
= Program Stream
1 Packet Packet Header
Video over IP TrainingSystem Layer: Program Stream
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• Transport Streams (TS) contains one or more program streams along with additional information
• The Transport Stream breaks the Elementary Streams into fixed length packets• A transport stream containing a single program is called a Single Program
Transport Stream (SPTS) • A transport stream with more than one program is called a Multi-program
Transport Stream (MPTS)
Reference Page #(s): 192
Program StreamPacket Header
1 Packet = 188 BytesTS Packet Header4 bytes
=
Transport Stream
Program 3
Program 2
Program 1
Data Stream
Video over IP TrainingSystem Layer: Transport Stream
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Minimum 4-byte Header
SyncByte
8
TransportError
Indicator1
StartIndicator
1
TransportPriority
1
PID
13
ScramblingControl
2
AdaptationField
Control2
ContinuityCounter
4
AdaptationField
Payload
Header Payload
AdaptationField Length
8
DiscontinuityIndicator
1
RandomAccess
Indicator1
ESPriority
Indicator1
5 Flags
5
OptionalFields
StuffingBytes
PCR
48
OPCR
48
SpliceCountdown
8
TransportPrivateData
AdaptationField
Extension
1 TS MPEG Packet
Reference Page #(s): 193
(188 bytes)
Video over IP TrainingSystem Layer: Transport Stream MPEG Packet & Header
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Constant and Variable Bit Rates
– CBR• Rate of CODEC’s data stream consumption is constant in the decoder• Useful in streaming media when the transport media is a fixed resource • Usually created by stuffing null packets into transport stream
– VBR• CODEC can vary the amount of output data per time segment• More bits are allocated to more complex content• Uses less overall bandwidth• No stuffing
Video over IP TrainingTransport Stream: Constant & Variable Bit Rates
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Video over IP Training Program Specific Information & Packet Identifiers (PIDs)
Each Program Stream (in MPEG TS) has unique 13-bit Packet Identifiers (PIDs)
• Standardized PIDs:– Program Association Table (PAT)– Program Map Table (PMT)– Stuffing
• Configurable PID’s– Video– Audio– Data
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Assisting the decoder:• Presenting programs on time• At the right speed• Audio synchronization
Programs periodically provide a Program Clock Reference (PCR), on one of the PIDs in the program
Encoder clock (reference, transmitted)
Decoder clock (recovered, corrected)
Video over IP TrainingProgram Clock Reference (PCR)
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Video over IP
Encapsulation of MPEG Transport Streams
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Video over IP Training Video over IP or Networks
Video into Packets
• Encapsulating Media Data• Transport Protocols
• Ports & Sockets• UDP / TCP / RTP
Packet Transport
• Transport Methods• Considerations
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Video over IP Training IP Encapsulation
• IP Encapsulation is the process of taking a data stream, formatting it into packets, and adding the headers and other data required
• MPEG over IP Transport streams consist of a series of multiple MPEG TS packets packed inside UDP datagrams
– A typical IP video packet will contain 7 TS packets (188 x 7 = 1316 bytes) – Add Ethernet, IP and UDP headers (46 bytes)– Ethernet Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) = 1,500 bytes
IP Packet with MPEG2 TS Video Payload carried over Ethernet
Ethernet IP/UDPMPEG2 TS
Video Packet188 bytes
MPEG2 TS Video Packet
188 bytes
MPEG2 TS Video Packet
188 bytes
MPEG2 TS Video Packet
188 bytes
MPEG2 TS Video Packet
188 bytes
MPEG2 TS Video Packet
188 bytes
MPEG2 TS Video Packet
188 bytesCRC
1,316 bytes+ 46 bytes= 1,362 bytes
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Standard vs. Jumbo Frame
Standard IP Packet Jumbo IP Packet
Approximately 20% more efficient.
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IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
• When video is being transported over an IP network, users need to consider a other factors that can significantly affect the users’ viewing experience
• Multiplexing is a process of combining video streams from different sources into 1 IP flow. Two forms of Multiplexing commonly used today: Time Division and Statistical
• Traffic Shaping consists of various techniques that are used to make video traffic easier to handle on a network. Overall goal is to make an IP flow less prone to sudden peaks in bit rate
• Buffering is basically a collection of memory that is used to temporarily store information prior to taking some action. Buffers can have a major impact of video network performance
• Firewalls are used to control the flow of information between two networks. Need to be aware of the constraints that firewalls impose on video services
Reference Page #(s): 224-237
Video over IP Training Transport Considerations
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Multicasting
IGMP – Internet Group Management Protocol
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Video over IP TrainingMulticasting
• Basic Concepts
• Unicasting
• Multicasting
• Joining and Leaving Multicast
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• High Bandwidth required between the video source and a number of end-users
• Video source make separate video streams for each recipient
• Reduced Bandwidth requirements between video source and multiple end-users
• Network devices (routers) makes copies of video stream for every recipient
Unicast = one to one
Multicast = one to many
Video over IP TrainingUnicast vs. Multicast
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Video over IP Training Unicasting
• Unicasting is the traditional way that packets are sent from a source to a single destination
• Each user who wants to view the video must make a request to the video source.
• The source needs to know the destination IP address of each user and must create IP packets addressed to each user. As the # of viewers increase, the load on the network increases
• Each viewer gets a custom tailored video stream which allows the video source to offer specialized features such as pause, rewind and fast-forward of video.
Unicasting
VODServer
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• Multicasting unlike Unicasting, puts the burden of creating streams for each user on that network rather than on the video source
• IP packets are given special IP addresses to be recognized by the network as Mutlicast. IP Address range is Class D: 224.0.0.0 through 239.255.255.255
• IP Multicast uses UDP packets
• IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) Protocol controls access to Multicast streams
• User must request to Join and Leave a Multicast program
Multicasting
Video over IP Training Multicasting
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Video over IPMonitoring & Measurements
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Video over IP TrainingVideo over IP Monitoring & Measurements
• Network Impairments
• Flow Behavior
• Video over IP Measurements
• MDI – Media Delivery Index
• Distributed Continuous Program (DCP) Monitoring
• Determining Packet Loss (MLR) on a UDP flow
• Delay Factor (DF) & the effects of a high Delay Factor
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• Packet Loss is when an IP packet does not arrive at its intended destination. This can be caused by any number of circumstances: Network Saturation, Network hardware failure, Queuing misconfiguration, etc.
• Packet Reordering occurs in a network when packets arrive in a different order than how they were sent. Since MPEG has a very precisely defined structure and sequence, out of order packets can cause problems
• Delay is going to happen in any network. Two types of delay: Propagation delay and Switching. Propagation is the amount of time to travel from one location to another. Switching delay occurs at any point in the network where a signal needs to be switched or routed.
• Jitter is a measurement of variation in the arrival time of the data packets. Receivers must be built to tolerate jitter and networks should be designed not to create a lot of jitter.
Video over IP TrainingVideo Network Impairments
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• The Media Delivery Index (MDI) is a metric that captures the amount of Cumulative Packet Jitter and the amount of Packet Loss of an IP stream. These are the only types of impairments that can be caused by an IP transport network.
• MDI consists of two components:
– Delay Factor : Media Loss Rate
• Delay Factor (DF) is the size of buffer required to transport jittered packets in the network without loss divided by the rate of the media stream – it is proportional to the delay introduced in the system due to the network buffering. The buffer value is expressed in the time (milliseconds) it takes to transmit (drain) the maximum buffer size at outflow rate.
• Media Loss Rate (MLR) is the total Media Packets Lost (per second)
• See RFC 4445 for complete details on how to calculate MDI– http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4445.txt?number=4445
• See Application Notes at: http://www.ineoquest.com/page240.html
Video over IP Training Media Delivery Index
MDI = DF : MLR
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EthernetInter-Packet
Gap
Decoder
Monitor, TV, etc
Buffer(Removes Ethernet frame and buffers
MPEG)
MPEGInter-Packet
Gap
Rate is determined by
the MPEGExample 4.5Mb/s
Each Ethernet packet
contains up to 7 MPEG packets
Rate is determined by
the MPEGExample 4.5Mb/s
Ethernet Packets
MPEG Packets
• Payload is extracted
• Payload is buffered
• Payload is clocked out
• 188-bytes MPEG2 TS packet encapsulated within an IP Ethernet Frame.
• Rate of IP delivery is the same as the rate of drain of the video (MPEG2 TS).
• The packet arrival rate of each IP packet is exactly to the rate used to clock the contents of one IP packet from the receiver buffer.
Video over IP TrainingFlow Behavior
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Video over IP Training Simple IP Switch (example)
Basic MDI Theory
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EthernetInter-Packet
Gap
Decoder Monitor, TV,
etc
Buffer(Removes Ethernet frame and buffers
MPEG)
MPEGInter-Packet
Gap
Ethernet Packets
MPEG Packets
Decoder
Buffer(Buffer start to drain at MPEG rate 3.75
Mbps)
For example: 3.50 Mbps rate
For example: 3.75 Mbps rate
Monitor, TV, etc
Decoder
Buffer(Buffer is empty waiting for more IP
packets)
For example: 3.50 Mbps rate
For example: 3.75 Mbps rate
Monitor, TV, etc
Under Run: Avg. Ethernet inter-packet gap timing at the delivery rate is less than MPEG video rate hence buffer runs empty
1
2
3
Nothing to Decode; Poor Video
Video over IP Training Flow Behavior: IP Flow with Jitter & Under Run Rate
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Video over IP Training Flow Behavior: IP Flow with Jitter & Over Run Rate
EthernetInter-Packet
Gap
Decoder Monitor, TV,
etc
Buffer(Removes Ethernet frame and buffers
MPEG)
MPEGInter-Packet
Gap
Ethernet Packets
MPEG Packets
Decoder
Buffer(Buffer starts to fill up)
For example: 4.90 Mbps rate
For example: 3.75 Mbps rate
Monitor, TV, etc
Decoder
Buffer(Buffer Overflows)
For example: 3.75 Mbps rate
Monitor, TV, etc
1
2
3
Shorter Ethernet Inter-Packet Gap
For example: 4.90 Mbps rate
Ethernet packets are dropped at the network device
Impaired Video
Over Run: Avg. Ethernet inter-packet gap timing at the delivery rate is more than buffer can handle hence the buffer drops packets
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Switch with High MDI
Video over IP Training Simple IP Switch with High MDI
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Video over IP Training Flow Behavior: IP Flow with IP Packet Loss
EthernetInter-Packet
Gap
Decoder Monitor, TV,
etc
Buffer(Removes Ethernet frame and buffers
MPEG)
MPEGInter-Packet
Gap
Ethernet Packets
MPEG Packets
Decoder
Buffer(Buffer starts to fill up)
For example: 3.75 Mbps rate
For example: 3.75 Mbps rate
Monitor, TV, etc
IP Packet Loss: Ethernet inter-packet gap is enlarged due to IP packet loss, causing bursty IP Video delivery (Jitter)
1
2
Decoder
Buffer(Buffer could Under Run)
For example: 3.75 Mbps rate
Monitor, TV, etc
3
Impaired Video
For example: 3.75 Mbps rate
Ethernet packets are dropped in the
network
Loss adds Jitter
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Video over IP Training
Program Clock Reference (PCR)
PCR Jitter vs. IP Jitter
• PCR Jitter (recovered clock inaccuracy)• Serial transport media use a common clock between transmitter and
receiver and can guarantee high accuracy of packet arrival times• Jitter is classified into two categories: PCR accuracy errors (PCR_AC) and
network jitter. These two are then combined into PCR overall jitter (PCR_OJ)
• Ethernet / IP Jitter (variation in expected packet arrival times)• No clock reference for transmission of packets• Because transport can include multiple devices (all with different buffer
cues), there is no guarantee that packets transmitted with a given inter-packet spacing will arrive with the same spacing
• IP jitter is categorized and measured by the Media Delivery Index (MDI) Delay Factor (DF)
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• Constant Bit Rate example
– An encoder ideally transmits IP packets at the rate matching the MPEG encoded bit rate as shown here.
– PCR time stamp updates occur every 40 ms in a stream continuously informing a decoder of the MPEG encoded bit rate.
– Constant Bit Rate (CBR) encoding shown here. “Stuffing” bits maintain a constant bit rate even though picture complexity is dynamic.
Video over IP Training
Constant Bit Rate (CBR)
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• Variable Bit Rate (VBR) example
– This example has high DF • The instantaneous,
per packet IP bit rate is bursty and does not track the dynamic encoded PCR bit rate.
– PCR bit rate varies dynamically with picture complexity with VBR since there is no stuffing PID. The instantaneous peak PCR rate may be peak limited (“capped”) by configuration.
Video over IP Training
Variable Bit Rate (VBR)
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• DF continuously tracks the cumulative difference between MPEG bit rate and IP bit rate capturing the stream’s burstiness
• If an IP stream is bursty, its instantaneous bit rate may significantly stress network transport device queues.
Video over IP Training
Delay Factor (DF)
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Video over IP Training Video over IP Measurements
Properties that must be Measured and Monitored simultaneously to ensure Quality of Video over IP.
• IP packet arrival times where jitter causes delay (Under Runs)
• IP packet arrival times where jitter causes bursts (Over Runs)
• IP packet bit rate average drift/deviation from the Video bit rate
• IP packet loss
• Video packet loss / CC errors
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Alarms & Warnings Possible Causes• MDI-DF : Delay Factor (max value exceeded)• NTWK-UTL : Network Utilization (max value exceeded)• IP Flow Media Bit Rate Deviation (%)
• MDI-MLR : Media Loss Rate (max value exceeded)• RTP-LDE : Loss Distance Error (min value exceeded)• RTP-LPE : Loss Period Error (max value exceeded)• MLT-15 : 15min. Media Loss Total (max value exceeded)• MLT-24 : 24hr. Media Loss Total (max value exceeded)• MLS-15 : 15min. Media loss Seconds Total (max value exceeded)• MLS-24 : 24hr. Media Loss Seconds Total (max value exceeded)• RTP-SE : RTP-Total Sequence Errors (max value exceeded)
• TS-PID : Transport Stream PID Bit Rate (lower limit exceeded)• TS-SYNC : Transport Stream Sync Byte Error• V-TSB : VIDEO-TS PCR Bit Rate (lower limit exceeded)• IP-SBRMX : IP-Stream Bit Rate (upper limit exceeded)• IP-SBRMN : IP-Stream Bit Rate (lower limit exceeded)
• VIDO-LOS : Video Flow Outage
• Over Subscription• Encoder Behavior• Bursty Traffic• VOD Server Configuration
WA
RN
ING
LO
SS
PA
YL
OA
DO
uta
ge
• Noise• Bad Connectors• Pinched Cables• QoS Configuration• Equipment Configuration• Transient Power
• Encoder Issues (config, fault equipment)• Loss Video/Voice feeds
• Faulty Equipment• Loss of Power• Nature
• IGMPv2 / IGMPv3 support• Join & Leave (min/max/average)• IGMP Zap time• AutoScan / Manual
IGM
P
• Faulty Equipment• Configuration• Over Subscription
Video over IP TrainingAlarms & Warnings
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IneoQuest Monitoring and Troubleshooting Solutions
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IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
• The biggest problem facing IP Video service providers is unbounded operational expenses (OPEX)– The inability to sustain quality across a distributed service area no matter how much is
spent in OPEX – loosing business model
• OPEX Drivers– Increased call volume – $5.00-$15.00 per call– Increased truck rolls – $100.00 plus per roll– Chronic problems – Problems “come and go”– Lingering problems – No definitive problem resolution; “voodoo” troubleshooting – No visibility – The customer becomes the monitoring and analysis system– Lack of education – New technology presents new problems
• Summary– IP Video distribution presents a new set of problems
• Unique issues that traditional monitoring systems are ill-equipped to handle or detect– IP Video is very different than voice and data
• Requires an evolved multi-dimensional approach to quality and service assurance
Video over IP TrainingHow IP Video is Challenging Service Providers
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EncoderHeadend Network
Video Servers
Video Headend IP Transport
Core Network
Hub/VHOEdge
NetworkEndUser
Subscriber
1000s of Video Flows
Last Mile Network
Premise Network
Last Mile Networks
Decoder
Video over IP TrainingVideo Across Multiple Systems (end-to-end program flow)
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EncoderHeadend Network
Video Servers
Core Network
Hub/VHOEdge
NetworkLast Mile Network
Premise Network
EndUser
Headend IP Transport Last Mile Technology Subscriber
1000s of Video Flows
Results in increased call volume ($) and truck rolls ($)
Operational dollars get spent and problem is often not found or fixed….system never improves
No matter where the issue is across any subsystem, the effect is seen at the end of the system at the subscriber
Decoder
Video over IP TrainingComplexities of IP Video
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EncoderHeadend
Network
Video
Servers
Core
NetworkHub / VHO
Edge
Network
Last Mile
Network
Premise
Network
EndUser
Decoder
MPEG Monitoring Subsystem
Network Monitoring Subsystem
DSL/RF Monitoring Subsystem
Coverage Area
Traditional MPEG Monitoring System Coverage
Traditional Core Network Monitoring System Coverage
Traditional DSL/RF Component Monitoring System Coverage
Video over IP TrainingCoverage Areas
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IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
EncoderHeadend Network
Video Servers
Core Network
Hub/VHOEdge
NetworkLast Mile Network
Premise Network
Decoder
Video Headend IP Transport Last Mile Technology
1000s of Video Flows
The first time it is realized there is an issue is at the customers TV, so customer calls and trucks roll.
EndUser
Subscriber
MPEG Monitoring Subsystem
System Reports Good
Network Monitoring Subsystem
System Reports Good
DSL/RF Monitoring Subsystem
System Reports Good
Single Video ProgramProblem Origination
Video over IP TrainingTraditional Monitoring – Blind to Video Issues
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IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
EncoderHeadend
Network
Video
Servers
Core
NetworkHub / VHO
Edge
Network
Last Mile
Network
Premise
Network
EndUser
Decoder
1000s of Video Flows
Coverage Area
IneoQuest IQPinPoint Multi-Dimensional Video Quality Management System Coverage
Video Headend IP Transport Last Mile Network
With Analysis, Monitoring, and Remote Troubleshooting all in one
Video over IP TrainingMulti-Dimensional: All Flows, All Locations, All the Time
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
EncoderHeadend Network
Video Servers
Core Network
Hub/VHOEdge
NetworkLast Mile Network
Premise Network
Decoder
Video Headend IP Transport Last Mile Network
1000s of Video Flows
• Using Multi-Dimensional Video Quality Management, • Operations now can detect a Video issue. • Trouble ticket to specific sub system and use remote troubleshooting to solve issue. • If the customer calls, no need to roll truck since the issue is not at the premise.
EndUser
Subscriber
Reports GoodVideo
Reports Bad
Video
Reports Bad
Video
Reports Bad
Video
Reports Bad
Video
Reports Bad
Video
Reports Bad
Video
Reports Bad
Video
Single Video ProgramProblem Origination
Video over IP TrainingMulti-Dimensional Management: Detect, Isolate, Resolve
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP SolutionsIneoQuest Hardware Platform: Singulus G1-T
• Generate network traffic up to 2 GbE
• Monitor & Analyze IP Video up to 1 GbE
• 80 MB Capture & Record
• Packet Morph (add Impairments)
• 1 GbE Copper & Fiber Connections
• 10/100 Management port
• ASI Output port
• 256 IP Flows
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP SolutionsIneoQuest Hardware Platform: Singulus Lite “Cricket”
• Interactive Subscriber “Visual Impairment” Feedback
• In-band IP Video/IPTV control and stats
• Subscriber Behavior Tracking
• Emulates an end point
• Monitor & Analyze IP Video up to 10 IP Flows
• 80 MB Capture & Record
• 10 / 100 MbE Copper Connections
• USB Management port
Available Versions:
Ethernet
QAM
ASI
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP SolutionsIneoQuest Software Application: IQMediaStimulus
• Traffic Generation Software Application• Used with Geminus, Singulus G10, Singulus G1-T
• Generate Video, Voice, or Data flows• TS files, LIBpcap files (TS with encapsulation),
Data files, voice files (.au, .wav, etc)
• Live Stream Replication
• Can cause Impairments• Drop IP Packets, add Jitter, change IP Bitrate,
change PCR rate, drop PIDs
• Supports Multiple STIM targets
• Test Set-ups• Ability to Auto Run Tests
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions IneoQuest Software Application: IQMediaAnalyzer Pro
• Monitoring & Analysis Software Application
• New Dashboard
• Impairments window
• Enhanced Trigger & Capture Capabilities
• Commercial Insertion Support
• Microsoft IPTV support
• Software Included with Hardware
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions IneoQuest Software Application: IQTsX Pro
• Post Analysis Software Application• Search and Explore the capture• Display the packet data• Decode media packet headers
• IP & Media Packet Explorer• Packet arrival time reports• PCR comparison reports & charts• PID list reports• GOP Structure reports• Individual Channel analysis on MPTS
• CC error detection
• Packet Modification
• 3rd party tool support• Play the capture with VLC Media Player• View Packets with Ethereal
• Microsoft IPTV support
• Licensed Software MPEG Deep Packet Analysis
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video Headend IP Transport Beginning of Last Mile
End of Last Mile(Subscriber)
iVMS
End-to-End
Deep MPEG Analysis, IP Video Monitoring,
& Remote Troubleshooting
Simultaneous IP VideoMonitoring & Remote
Troubleshooting
Last Mile TechnologiesIP, QAM, HPNA, ADSL2+,
VDSL, ASI, Wireless
Last Mile TechnologiesIP, QAM, HPNA, ADSL2+,
VDSL, ASI, Wireless
Video over IP Solutions IneoQuest End-to-End Solution Overview
www.ineoquest.comIneoQuest Technologies, Inc.
Video over IP Solutions IneoQuest iVMS IP Video Management System
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – IQ Map View
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – IQ Topology View
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – Real-Time Monitoring
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – Reporting & Trending
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – Reporting & Trending
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – Reporting & Trending (Drill Down to PID level)
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
PID Details
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – Reporting & Trending (PID Details)
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – Daily Reports (IQ Watch Services)
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – Configuration (Firmware Downloads)
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – Email Notifications
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IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
IQFastLink Embedded URL in
Message
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – Northbound to NMS/OSS
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Solutions iVMS – Customized Skins to NMS/OSS
www.ineoquest.comIneoQuest Technologies, Inc.
References
Resources for Video over IP
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Video over IP Training References & Resources
• Video over IP: A Practical Guide to technology and Applications by Wes Simpson, Focal Press
• IPTV Crash Course by Joseph Weber and Tom Newberry, McGraw Hill
• TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1, The Protocols by W. Richard Stevens, Addison Wesley
• Internetworking with TCP/IP, Volume 1, Principles, Protocols, and Architecture by Douglas E. Comer, Prentice-Hall, Inc.
• A Guide to MPEG Fundamentals and Protocol Analysis, Tektronix
• A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications, RFC3550
• Requirements for Internet Hosts - Communications Layers, RFC1122
• Internet Protocol, RFC791
• Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), RFC792
• Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), RFC 2236
• Host Extensions for IP Multicast, RFC 1112
• Media Delivery Index (MDI), RFC 4445
IneoQuest Technologies www.ineoquest.com
IneoQuest IP VIDEOTRAINING
Copyright © 2006 IneoQuest Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA.
IneoQuest, IQClearView, IQWatch, Singulus G1-T, IQMediaMonitor, and the IneoQuest logo are trademarks of IneoQuest Technologies, Inc. in the U.S. and certain other countries. All other trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between IneoQuest and any of its resellers.
CORPORATE HEADQUARTERSIneoQuest Technologies, Inc. 170 Forbes BoulevardMansfield, MA 02048USA
TEL: (508) 339-2497FAX: (508) [email protected]
IQ PROFESSIONAL SERVICESIneoQuest Technologies, Inc. 170 Forbes BoulevardMansfield, MA 02048USA
TEL: (508) [email protected]
IQ TECHNICAL SUPPORTIneoQuest Technologies, Inc. 170 Forbes BoulevardMansfield, MA 02048USA
TEL: (866) 464-4636 [email protected]
Video over IP TrainingContact Information