x-nano x-ray waveguiding in nanochannels: fabrication, experimental proof of concept, and analysis...
TRANSCRIPT
X-NANO
X-ray Waveguiding in Nanochannels: Fabrication, Experimental Proof of Concept, and Analysis of X-ray Propagation
The aim of this research project is to demonstrate experimentally X-ray waveguiding in nanochannels of various origins, such as carbon nanotubes and anodic porous alumina membranes, and to design new elements of X-ray optics for forming nanosized beams and beams of a large-aperture and small divergence.
S. Dabagov, G. Cappuccio, G. Cibin, D. Hampai, L. Terranova, V. Sessa
CollaborationCollaboration
The project is formed by the groups of the following Institutes and Universities:
• Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (Rome)
• University of Rome II “Tor Vergata”
• P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow)
• A.V. Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk)
• Institute of Applied Physics Problems, Belarus State University (Minsk)
• Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Newcastle• Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge
• Department of Electronic, Electrical & Computer Engineering, The University of Birmingham
Evolution of optics: from micro- down to nanoEvolution of optics: from micro- down to nano
GenerationGeneration Kind of opticsKind of optics Sizes: length&channel&energySizes: length&channel&energy
• 1st Assembled lens made of single capillaries 1 m & 1 mm & ≤ 10 keV
• 2nd Monolithic lens made of single capillaries 10-30 cm & 0.1-1 mm & ≤ 10 keV
• 3rd Assembled lens made of polycapillaries 10 cm & 10-50 m & ≤ 20 keV
• 4th Monolihic lens made of polycapillaries 4-10 cm & 1-10 m & ≤ 50 keV
• 5th Monolithic integral micro lens 1-3 cm & 0.3-1 m & ≤ 100 keV
Micro capillariesMicro capillaries NanotubesNanotubes
MicroMicro X-raysX-rays
NanoNano -rays (?)-rays (?)
Samples of X-Ray Nano-OpticsSamples of X-Ray Nano-Optics
Polycapillary technology
Ordered alumina pore arrays
Samples of X-Ray Nano-OpticsSamples of X-Ray Nano-Optics
(a) Molecular model and transmission electron image of single wall CNT and its growth bridging metal patterns; (b) Curly multiwall CNT; (c) vertically aligned multiwall CNT; (d) arrays of multiwall CNT; and (e) CNT-based electron sources fabricated with Thales Research and Tech.
Basics: down to bulk photon and neutron Basics: down to bulk photon and neutron channelingchanneling
mm
00
3
:101~
)10~(1
dmmd
c
<<÷>>→
<<
⊥
⊥
−
θθ : grazing incidence optics: grazing incidence optics
: from nm to : from nm to mm
: : surface channelingsurface channeling
nmnm
1~
~
0
0
d
d cd
⊥
=
θθ : diffraction angle approaches Fresnel angle: diffraction angle approaches Fresnel angle
: : bulk channelingbulk channeling
* * ChannelingChanneling: charged particles : charged particles crystals crystalsExample: eExample: e- captured by the string potential (smeared captured by the string potential (smeared atomic)atomic)
)~(1 angleLindhardEU
L −<<< ϕϕϕ
averaged potentialaveraged potential
Divergence – surface channelingDivergence – surface channeling
X-Ray channeling in nanotubesX-Ray channeling in nanotubes
TasksTasks
@1. Synthesis Synthesis of films of aligned carbon nanotubes of various diameters and
arrangement, and the multi-channel X-ray waveguides with large effective aperture (Queens University, Belfast; Cambridge University; Nikolaev Institute)
@ 2. Characterization of SamplesElemental and structural analysis of the probe samples(Belarus and Cambridge Universities, Novosibirsk and Frascati Institutes)
@ 3. TheoryTheoretical analysis of the nano-channel X-ray waveguides operating(Moscow, Newcastle, Birmingham and Frascati)
@ 4. MeasurementsExperimental analysis of X-ray radiation transmission by nanochannels(Daresbury, Frascati, Novosibirsk)
Starting & BudgetStarting & Budget
@ Intended starting date: 1 February 2007
@ Duration: 24 months
@ Total cost: k€ 105 (k€ 50)
@ Researchers:
S. Dabagov – 40%G. Cappuccio – 20%G. Cibin – 30%A. Esposito – 20%A. Grilli – 20%
D. Hampai – 40%L. Terranova – 30%V. Sessa – 30%