Xeric Multimodal Surveillance Platform provides customer with unparallel performance in realtime operations, post investigation

and scalability to suit for various scenarios. Xeric is able to integrate with various sensors and analytics, making it an ideal platform

that works for your needs. Xeric enable the authority to build border security system modularly, determine the impact, adjust

operational flow and expand capabilities incrementally. Xeric are being classified under category of Stand-off Biometric, where

we are seeing more system being used in such configuration.

Stand-off Biometric is solution that provide capabilities to operate at further than usual distance between subject and sensor with

less-constrained subject behaviour. While biometric surveillance systems can be considered as a stand-off biometric system, the

two terms are not synonymous. Some standoff systems call for cooperative subjects since these will always produce improved

performance metrics. In actual field application, non-cooperative subjects are what we usually saw. Identification of cooperative

subjects in stand-off applications is relevant in various public safety applications. This ranges from employee access control to

visitor identification and positive and/or negative identification of travellers at an airport environment.

The stand-off aspect of field study remained central to the concept of operations for several reasons:

1. Distance between operator and imaging unit may be relevant to operator safety.

2. Covert operations.

3. Queuing and process flow design.

4. Usage of multimodal sensors to perform additional security checks while biometric identification is taking place.

As compared to any usual stand-off biometric, Xeric is a solution-based platform that have wide application potential. Application

ranges from fixed point installation such as immigration checkpoint to mobile application which uses smart phone. This

application note aims to provide few cases which Xeric could support your operational needs.

Immigration CheckpointOne of the most widely used application for facial recognition is at immigration checkpoint. It is a challenging task for officer to

remember faces of wanted people while performing their duties in such a high traffic flow environment. Xeric uses fixed point box

camera with varifocal lens to capture and index faces into its database. While faces are being indexed, they are being stored and

searchable in the future for post investigation. Authority just need to use an image of someone who they like to search and Xeric

will be able to search across the entire database and present those similar faces. In an immigration checkpoint environment, the

most important aspect is to perform realtime alerting for authority to take immediate action.

There are various challenges being faced in this specific application. We are looking at high human traffic flow, huge amount of

watchlist database, large number of cameras, availability of legacy facial database. How can Xeric help to tackle all these matters?

1. High Human Traffic Flow and Huge Amount of Watchlist Database

Xeric is able to search across a million records per second based on a single core. This enable the authority to take

action while subject is still within their facility shall this be a wanted person. Xeric is able to work with potentially

tens of millions of database and with proper hardware configuration to achieve high response speed.

It is also important for instant watchlist update to be make available. There could be situation where authority is

looking for people who committed criminal acts and attempting to leave the country immediately. Xeric houses its

database in a central cloud-based architecture to enable secured single point access for instant update and quick

retrieval.

Application Notes - Security Page 1

2. Large Number of Cameras

We could be seeing tens of cameras to hundreds of cameras in a single location. Based on conventional system

architecture, total cost of ownership is potentially high. Apart from hardware and software cost, we must also look

into cooling, electricity, maintenance and potential point of failure.

Xeric works differently by placing much lighter server as Front End Server and hzving server(s) that does the heavy

lifting at the backend. There is no limit to the number of cameras that Xeric is able to connect as long as hardware

are being scaled properly. Some facilities could be having upgrade and having existing IP cameras, Xeric could

potentially use them if they meet the minimum requirement.

If authority is able to enforce process to compliment system, Xeric can even use a HD webcam to achieve similar

result. In this configuration, authority benefitted from using COTS product with can be replace easily and at more

affordable cost.

3. Availability of Legacy Facial Database

Almost all mugshot and passport images stored by law enforcement are 2D images. In order to replace this to any

new template format is a very tedious task. Xeric bridges this gap in using existing 2D images, converted it to

wireframe and pose correct it to frontal image. This increases accuracy of engine by comparing frontal enrolled

image against frontal probe image.

Immigration Check PostUnlike Singapore, many countries could be having hundreds or even thousands of kilometre of border shared with neighbouring

countries. Considering many of these could be located in mountainous area, an immigration check post could be used instead of

a checkpoint. In this scenario, consideration will be totally different as compared to a checkpoint.

Challenges include database security, network connection and implementation effort. The entire solution need to be cost

effective and time efficient, especially during installation.

1. Database Security

Physical security of computer equipment, which houses the database, pose one huge challenge and security risk.

Database located in this server could be compromised if someone stole this server from check post.

While Xeric is able to run everything locally on the server, Xeric is setup to house its watchlist database remotely.

Front End Server located at remote location perform only extraction of facial image and sending this image back

to Xeric Database & Process Server (XPro Server) for processing. Watchlist database do not physically located at

remote server and this architecture safeguard authority’s information. If this server is being stolen, it contains only

image extraction algorithm and does not point to any specific person who authority is interested in.

2. Network Connection

Another concern is connectivity of remote server to XPro server at HQ and information security of information on

transit. Xeric is able to work with VPN on 3G and internet connection. For location with intranet connectivity, Xeric

works with authority’s network policy to send information back to XPro server.

In conventional system, video might be stream back for processing and viewing. This resulted in either heavy

bandwidth usage or poor video quality to lighten load on bandwidth. What Xeric does is to extract 5 images from

each person and sending approximately 50kb of information per person for indexing and matching. Xeric do not

required video storage but we understand the need to view video clips of event instances. Thus Xeric uses the

concept of GIF to enable authority to view moving image without heavy burden on bandwidth.

Application Notes - Security Page 2

3. Implementation Effort

During project implementation, time spend travelling to each remote check post could be lengthy and resulted in

much longer project duration. Condition at site could varies significantly and it is difficult gathering and working

out cabling and installation solution.

Xeric uses portable equipment, where possible, to reduce significantly the time taken to deploy it at remote

location. Below are some changes that Xeric does to support such installation:

• Instead of full server, Xeric uses laptop that is portable with keyboard and mouse integrated. Laptop has its

own power to buffer unstable power supply.

• Instead of IP Camera, Xeric uses HD webcam to provide flexibility and quick installation. It is connected

directly to USB port of laptop which provide information transfer and power.

• Instead of fixed camera LPR, Xeric uses android mobile phone to capture image and send back to server to

process LPR information. This reduces installation time, cabling and potential excavation cost for each

location.

Xeric is a solution that aims to support authority not only on their specific needs but to consider overall deployability and total

cost of ownership.

Mobile PatrolWhen law enforcement officers are moving around, there could be situations which they need to verify a person’s identity.

Traditionally, what they could have done is to ask for one’s identification document and verify that they are the correct person.

However, with improvement in technology and readily available of technology to general public, one can also fake their

identification document.

Xeric enable law enforcement officer to run an application on their mobile device and capture a suspect’s facial image using their

mobile phone camera. Facial image of the suspect will be send back to XPro Server where their identity will be search across

databases. Database could be arranged in order or priority, where wanted person comes first follow by target of interest and

normal citizen.

A list of result will be provided to law enforcement officer, based on similarity score, to enable law enforcement officer to correct

identify a person. Geo-location as well as other information collected by law enforcement officer can also be tagged to this

person for record. Other enhancement could potentially be explore using mobile fingerprint scanner to offer multimodal mobile

surveillance.

Xeric can also be configure to perform facial alert and indexing during national event where people may gather at a venue during

this period. It might not be viable for authority to provide permanent fixed camera and server at this location, where it tends to

be underutilised. This portable system will be housed in a portable enclosure, such as pelican case, to be bought around. Due to

potential lack of power, this enclosure will be able to provide continuous operation for approximately 4~5 hours, depending on

configuration and requirement.

In terms of mobility, Xeric can also be deployed in a convert operation to support identification of unknown subject using

wearable or conceal camera. Information can be stored and process when the person carrying this system is back. It is also

possible to configure for stream to be send back wirelessly for realtime matching.

Application Notes - Security Page 3

Offline DatabaseIn some cases, law enforcement authority might require ability to search through large amount of information. We are looking at

tens or hundreds of millions of record such as national identity. Xeric is able to configure our platform based on authority’s

requirement depending on database size and speed which they expect to have the result.

There could be someone who law enforcement spotted at a particular location or in certain public event and they do not want to

approach this person. This could be for criminal investigation or this person could lead them to a group or cell which they want

to apprehend.

Law enforcement could capture this person’s face from afar and using this image to search through large amount of database,

attempt to get positive identity of this person. There are many challenges such as target is generally non-cooperative and

movement of both target and capturing sensor. In many cases, this is based on opportunity basis.

ConclusionSuch stand-off biometric solution differ from biometric systems used in traditional application such as close-interaction access

control. The following characteristics are most often associated with stand-off biometric applications.

• Stand-off biometric applications are predicated on identification of individuals, rather than verification of their

identity – the subject does not claim an identity, and the system either returns an ID or an unknown result. In

addition to being an exponentially more difficult matching problem than verification, by removing the identity

claim, identification systems remove the element of culpability associated with a false identity claim

• Stand-off biometric applications require limited subject’s cooperation, to non-cooperative subject in certain

applications. Non-cooperation means that the subject is neither cooperative nor uncooperative - they behave as

if the device were not present. This may apply to subject orientation, movement, and engagement with the device.

• Stand-off biometric systems eliminate complex device-subject interactions such as those that require the subject

to manually align themselves with devices, find their eyes in mirrors or visual overlays, or position themselves within

a limited capture volume. The current study does not consider uncooperative subjects – those who deliberately

attempt to evade, undermine, or interfere with biometric acquisition.

• Stand-off biometric applications may entail covert operation, in which systems are positioned such that the

subject cannot see the capture device.

• Stand-off biometric applications may be deployed in conjunction with derogatory watch lists, where the costs

associated with false negative identifications (e.g. potential security breach) are significantly higher than costs

associated with false positive identification (e.g. additional effort for security staff)

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• Stand-off biometric applications may be deployed in mobile wearable environments.

With the above example and illustrations, you can see that Xeric is very flexible and able to adapt to various operational needs of

law enforcement. One of the most distinctive differences that Xeric brings to law enforcement is that it is a solution that can

accommodate their process instead of a product that one needs to get used to. Learning curve in deploying Xeric is relatively low

as it tends not to interfere in their daily routine but to be an enabler to support their daily operation.

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Application Notes - Security Page 4

Sunny Tan | MSc, MCiiSCM, CCSMPhttps://sg.linkedin.com/in/sunnytan30May 2016

International Trade & Technologies Korea, Inc.2nd Floor, Goryeo Building48 Nonhyeon-Dong, Gangnam-GuSeoul 135-814 South KoreaXeric@inter2tkorea.com

Info-Technologies & Trade Pte Ltd81 Ubi Avenue 4,#07-22 UB.OneSingapore 408830Xeric@inter2tkorea.com