1896 1920 1987 2006

Review on Display Panel-based Undersea Visual Light Communications

Review on Display Panel-based Undersea Visual Light Communications

Xinwan LiState Key Lab. on Advanced Optical Communications, Shanghai Jiaotong Univ.

School of Physics and Electrical Information Engineering, Ningxia University

June 30, 2011 at Tsinghua Univ.

1896 1920 1987 2006

ContentsContents

1. Introduction on Undersea COMM.2. The Concept of Display Panel-based

VLC3. The main challenge technologies on

Display Panel-based Undersea VLC4. Conclusions

3

ContentsContents

1. Introduction on Undersea COMM.2. The Concept of Display Panel-based

VLC3. The main challenge technologies on

Display Panel-based Undersea VLC4. Conclusions

4

Silicon and oxygen are the most abundant crustal elements, together

comprising more than 70 percent by weight.

Silicon and oxygen are the most abundant crustal elements, together

comprising more than 70 percent by weight.

Si+Oxygen=74.3%Si+Oxygen=74.3%

An interesting phenomenonAn interesting phenomenon

5

70%:SiO2 make the Information Technology (IT) revolution on two areas:

1. Optical fiber (transmission) and,2. Si based Integration Circuit (Processing)

70%:SiO2 make the Information Technology (IT) revolution on two areas:

1. Optical fiber (transmission) and,2. Si based Integration Circuit (Processing)

6

Another interesting phenomenonAnother interesting phenomenon

“70%”: Oceans cover 71% of the earth surface, which is quite similar to the human being body!“70%”: Oceans cover 71% of the earth surface, which

is quite similar to the human being body!

One of the unknown areas on the earth to be investigated!One of the unknown areas on the earth to be investigated!

7

My commentsMy comments

The next revolution area could be linked with the sea which we should touch, feel and taste and study it!

Q: How to study it?Q: How to study it?

Greg Baiden, Yassiah Bissiri, Andrew Masoti, Paving the way for a future underwater omni-directional wireless optical communication systems,

Ocean Engineering 36 (2009) 633–640

Greg Baiden, Yassiah Bissiri, Andrew Masoti, Paving the way for a future underwater omni-directional wireless optical communication systems,

Ocean Engineering 36 (2009) 633–640

8

The way to build an information highway in it”! Sensor and

communications are two keys to enter sea！

The way to build an information highway in it”! Sensor and

communications are two keys to enter sea！

Milica Stojanovic,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Underwater CommunicationsMilica Stojanovic,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Underwater Communications

9

How to build the highway in the sea? How to build the highway in the sea?

Available way:

1. Underwater Acoustical

Communication

2. Underwater

Electromagnetic

Communication

3. Underwater Optical

Wireless Communication

Davide Anguita, Davide Brizzolara, Giancarlo Parodi, VHDL Modules and Circuits for Underwater OpticalWireless Communication Systems, WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS

Davide Anguita, Davide Brizzolara, Giancarlo Parodi, VHDL Modules and Circuits for Underwater OpticalWireless Communication Systems, WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS

10

Underwater Acoustical CommunicationUnderwater Acoustical Communication

• Propagation delay in underwater is five orders of magnitude higher than in radio frequency (RF) terrestrial channels, and extremely variable;• High bit error rates and temporary losses of connectivity (shadow zones) can be experienced, due to the extreme characteristics of the underwater channel; 100 and 5000 bits per second (bps) over moderate ranges and potentially higher rates for some specialized, short range systems

11

Limitation of Underwater Acoustical CommunicationLimitation of Underwater Acoustical Communication

Acoustic modems generally operate between about 100 and 5000 bits per second (bps) over moderate ranges and potentially higher rates for some specialized, short range systems. At these speeds, large data files take a long time to transfer and real-time video transmission is not feasible. These issues currently limit the retrieval of real-time data from ocean sensors and usually require an instrument to be recovered in order to download the full resolution data set.

12

Underwater Electromagnetic CommunicationUnderwater Electromagnetic Communication

The obstacle in using Electromagnetic Wave for underwater communication is the severe attenuationdue to the conducting features of seawater. In particular the attenuation is very high for high-frequency radio waves ,e.g. GHz, it’s impossible to use terrestrial devices in underwater applications.

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Water attenuationWater attenuation

14

Underwater Electromagnetic CommunicationUnderwater Electromagnetic Communication

In 2006, model S1510, data rate is 100 bps, several tens of meters.In January 2007, model S5510, 1-10 Mbps within 1 meter range

In 2006, model S1510, data rate is 100 bps, several tens of meters.In January 2007, model S5510, 1-10 Mbps within 1 meter range

www.tritech.co.ukwww.tritech.co.uk

15

Underwater Optical Wireless CommunicationUnderwater Optical Wireless Communication

16

In clear water AquaOptical was tested to achieve a data rate of 1.2Mbit/sec at distances up to 30m. The system was not tested beyond 30m. In water with visibility estimated at 3m AquaOpticalachieved communication at data rates of 0.6Mbit/sec at distances up to 9m.

In clear water AquaOptical was tested to achieve a data rate of 1.2Mbit/sec at distances up to 30m. The system was not tested beyond 30m. In water with visibility estimated at 3m AquaOpticalachieved communication at data rates of 0.6Mbit/sec at distances up to 9m.

Doniec, Marek, Iuliu Vasilescu, Mandar Chitre, Carrick Detweiler, Matthias Hoffman-Kuhnt, and Daniela Rus(2010). AquaOptical: a lightweight device for high-rate long-range underwater point-to point communication. OCEANS 2009

Doniec, Marek, Iuliu Vasilescu, Mandar Chitre, Carrick Detweiler, Matthias Hoffman-Kuhnt, and Daniela Rus(2010). AquaOptical: a lightweight device for high-rate long-range underwater point-to point communication. OCEANS 2009

MITMIT

17

This solid state optical transceiver contains 70 plus LED’s

perplate and holds a 120 degree field of view with the

capability of passing information at 20Mbs.freq with near zero

latency.

A spherical optical communications system between the operator and underwater remotely operated vehicles (ROV) by ENGUIN

AUTOMATED SYSTEMS, Inc. (Canada)

http://www.penguinasi.com/

18

Underwater optical comm. Applications in Japan, By Rise, in Keio Univ.

Some related results: a laboratory experiment for underwater optical transmission achieves 1 Gbp/s rate over a 2-m path in a water pipe [Frank Hanson and Stojan Radic. High bandwidth underwater optical communication. 2008.].

Some related results: a laboratory experiment for underwater optical transmission achieves 1 Gbp/s rate over a 2-m path in a water pipe [Frank Hanson and Stojan Radic. High bandwidth underwater optical communication. 2008.].

19

A/EM/O ComparisonsA/EM/O Comparisons

0.1m10E-4 J/bit

turbidity

10E10 bpsm

1M-x00 M

10Mbps-1Gbps

~3*10E8

~PHz(800THz)

O

0.5mNA28dB/1km/100MHz

10E7 bpsm

1M~xo M

1Mbps-10Mbps

~3*10E8

~MHz(1-20MHz)

EM

0.1m10E-2 J/bit

0.1dB/m/Hz

10E5 bpsm

100m~5kM

100bps-5kbps

~1500m/s

~kHz(75kHz)

Acoustic

Antenna

area

Power usage for

one bit

lossProduct of distance and data

rate

distanceData ratePropagation

velocity

baseband

20

A/EM/O应用A/EM/O应用

21

ContentsContents

1. Introduction on Undersea COMM.2. The Concept of Display Panel-based

VLC3. The main challenge technologies on

Display Panel-based Undersea VLC4. Conclusions

22

The picture from TV can be transmitted to us when we watch the TV! Catching picture is a basic behavior of human beings!

The picture from TV can be transmitted to us when we watch the TV! Catching picture is a basic behavior of human beings!

Chinese proverbChinese proverb

a picture is worth of thousands of words百闻不如一见

a picture is worth of thousands of words百闻不如一见

23

The information can be transmitted via frame by frameThe information can be transmitted via frame by frame

Normally, the frame rate is about 15-25 frames per second depending the eyes’ response speedNormally, the frame rate is about 15-25 frames per second depending the eyes’ response speed

24

If the response speed of the detector matrix is high enough, e.g. 10GHz,

The modulation date rate of LED display is also high as 10MHz,

The LED display Matrix and detector matrix are same as 512 by 512

If the response speed of the detector matrix is high enough, e.g. 10GHz,

The modulation date rate of LED display is also high as 10MHz,

The LED display Matrix and detector matrix are same as 512 by 512

Capacity=512×512bit/frame ×10M frame/s=2.6Tbit/s

Capacity=512×512bit/frame ×10M frame/s=2.6Tbit/s

25

In this time, the Display Panel seems a Light Plate for

human being eyes, but it is a receiver of information!

In this time, the Display Panel seems a Light Plate for

human being eyes, but it is a receiver of information!

Such operation mode will be quite useful for under-watemultiple video channels transmission and lightening!Such operation mode will be quite useful for under-watemultiple video channels transmission and lightening!

26

Display panel based VLC is similar to MIMO !Display panel based VLC is similar to MIMO !

27

Traditional RF Comm. Architectures (P2P, MIMO)Traditional RF Comm. Architectures (P2P, MIMO)

Single-Input and Single-Output

multiple-input and multiple-output

28

Traditional RF Comm. Architectures (mInO)Traditional RF Comm. Architectures (mInO)

29

MIMO INFORMATION THEORY on Capacity MIMO INFORMATION THEORY on Capacity

1×1 SISO system1×1 SISO system

1×M SIMO system1×M SIMO system

N×1 MISO systemN×1 MISO system

N×M MIMO systemN×M MIMO system

where h is the normalized complex gain of a fixed wirelesschannel or that of a particular realization of a random channel.In (1) and subsequently, ρ is the SNR at any RX antenna.

where h is the normalized complex gain of a fixed wirelesschannel or that of a particular realization of a random channel.In (1) and subsequently, ρ is the SNR at any RX antenna.

David Gesbert, et al, From Theory to Practice: An Overview of MIMO Space–Time Coded Wireless Systems, IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 21, NO. 3, APRIL 2003 281

David Gesbert, et al, From Theory to Practice: An Overview of MIMO Space–Time Coded Wireless Systems, IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 21, NO. 3, APRIL 2003 281

30

Space–time codingSpace–time coding

The potential capacity for a 512×512 MIMO system will be larger than that of 2.6Tbit/s when 10Mframe/s is assumed. The related theory is not available!

The potential capacity for a 512×512 MIMO system will be larger than that of 2.6Tbit/s when 10Mframe/s is assumed. The related theory is not available!

31

Case 1 : Reported experiment by The University of Hong KongCase 1 : Reported experiment by The University of Hong Kong

G Pang, et al., “Visible light communication for audio systems,” IEEE Trans on Consumer Electronics, 45(4), 1112-1118, 1999

LED matrix tx Receiver

An audio system made up of light emitting diode (LED) and LED dot matrix display 8*8 is described.An audio system made up of light emitting diode (LED) and LED dot matrix display 8*8 is described.

32

Case 2: Indoor wireless Optical MIMO systemCase 2: Indoor wireless Optical MIMO system

The system setup consists of a 2*2 array of white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and a 3*3 photo detector array, separated by a range of 2 m. The system operates at a bit rate of 2 Mb/s/ channel, with error-free operation at certain positions within the system coverage area.

Katrina D. Dambul, Dominic C. O’Brien, and Grahame Faulkner,“Indoor Optical Wireless MIMO System With an Imaging Receiver”, IEEE PTL, 23, p.97, Jan, 2011

33

ContentsContents

1. Introduction on Undersea COMM.2. The Concept of Display Panel-based

VLC3. The main challenge technologies on

Display Panel-based Undersea VLC4. Conclusions

34

Challenge 1: Non Imaging MIMO systemChallenge 1: Non Imaging MIMO system

N×N Light Array

M×M Receiver Array

b1

b2

… bn

bn2-n+1

bn2…bn2-n+2

bn+1

…bn+2

b2n

••

•

b1

b2

… bn

bn2-n+1

bn2…bn2-n+2

bn+1

…bn+2

b2n

••

•

b1

b2

… bn

bn+1

…bn+2

b2n … bn2-n+1

bn2…bn2-n+2

Transmitter

Receiver Buffers

Receiver

L1

L2

Ln

R1

R2

R3

Key technology：The Correlation Algorithm among each detector to realize the software demodulation of phase!Key technology：The Correlation Algorithm among each detector to realize the software demodulation of phase!

35

Coherent and non-coherent could be realized in

hardware

Coherent and non-coherent could be realized in

hardware

Steve Hranilovic, Member, IEEE, and Frank R. Kschischang, Fellow, IEEE, A PixelatedMIMO Wireless Optical Communication System,2006,IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS,

Steve Hranilovic, Member, IEEE, and Frank R. Kschischang, Fellow, IEEE, A PixelatedMIMO Wireless Optical Communication System,2006,IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS,

SLMSLM

Coherent systemCoherent systemNon coherent systemNon coherent system

36

Challenge 2: Imaging MIMO systemChallenge 2: Imaging MIMO system

N×N Light Array

M×M Receiver Array

b1

b2

…bn

bn+1

…bn+2

b2n …bn2-n+1

bn2…bn2-n+2

b1

b2

…bn

bn2-n+1

bn2…bn2-n+2

bn+1

…bn+2

b2n

••

•

b1

b2

…bn

bn2-n+1

bn2…bn2-n+2

bn+1

…bn+2

b2n

••

•

b1

b2

…bn

bn+1

…bn+2

b2n …bn2-n+1

bn2…bn2-n+2

Transmitter

Imaging Optics

Receiver Buffers

Receiver

Block diagram of Optical-MIMO scheme based on imaging means

Key technology： phase retrieval method for each dot in receiver!Key technology： phase retrieval method for each dot in receiver!

37

phase retrieval and self adaptive imagingphase retrieval and self adaptive imaging

38

Phase retrieval can be learned from eye structurePhase retrieval can be learned from eye structure

39

Challenge 3: Underwater Sensor Network (UWSN)Challenge 3: Underwater Sensor Network (UWSN)

40

41

Hybrid integration among RF WO and AHybrid integration among RF WO and A

Radio

Blue light

[receiver][transmitter]

video and datavideo and dataaccompanying accompanying vehicle controlvehicle control

42

ContentsContents

1. Introduction on Undersea COMM.2. The Concept of Display Panel-based

VLC3. The main challenge technologies on

Display Panel-based Undersea VLC4. Conclusions

43

ConclusionsConclusions

New chance for information science should move to the sea from land! (70% rule)The new communication architecture could be simple as the nature is! (a picture is worth a thousand words)Phase retrieval of MIMO (eye imaging system) and

hybrid integration of UWSN (Acoustic, EM and Optics) will be the big challenges!

1896 1920 1987 2006

Thanks for your

attentions！

Thanks for your

attentions！

This talk was partially support by NSFC(ID 60877012)!This talk was partially support by NSFC(ID 60877012)!