xray basics by me
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CHEST XRAY BASICS
DR UMAMAHESH MD,FCCP
Essentials Before Getting Started
Sex of Patient Male Female
Date of examination
Path of x-ray beam PA AP Lateral Lateral Decubitus
Exposure Overexposure Underexposure
Rotation Breath
Inspiration Expiration
POSTEROANTERIOR (PA) VIEW
The standard frontal view of the chest Refers to direction of x-ray beam Positioning of the patient Taken at a distance of SIX FEET
PA VIEW
PA VIEW
ANTEROPOSTERIOR (AP) VIEW
Patient in supine position Used in very sick patients, infants, one
who is unable to sit or stand Direction of x-ray beam At a distance of 4 feet Greater magnification
AP VIEW
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AP VIEW
PA VS AP VIEW
PA Taken in standing or
sitting Scapulae not
overlapping lung fields
Clavicle is not foreshortened
No cardiac magnification
Fundic air bubble seen
AP Taken in supine Scapulae
overlapping lung fields
Clavicle is foreshortened
Cardiac magnification
Fundic air bubble not seen
PA VS AP
LATERAL VIEW
Left lateral and right lateral view INDICATIONS:1. Minimal pleural effusion2. Segmental/mediastinal localizations of
lesions of chest
Lateral
DECUBITUS VIEW
Right decubitus and Left decubitus views Xray beam focussed perpendicular to
film Indications: 1.Minimal pleural effusion 2.Confirm air fluid levels in lung
itself
Lateral Decubitus
Penetration
Rotation
Expiration/Inspiration
Counting the ribs
HEART
HILUM
RIGHT HILUM
LEFT HILUM
ADDITIONAL VIEWS
EXPIRATORY FILM
TO DETECT UNILATERAL OBSTRUCTIVE EMPHYSEMA
PNEMOTHORAX APPEARS LARGER ON EXPIRATION
Lordotic view
Used to visualize the apex of the lung, to pick up abnormalities such as a Pancoast tumour.