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ABSTRACT:

This article deals with the tradition of familiarization with Sir Sayyed

Ahmad Khan in the course of literary history. Zafar Ali Khan (1873…1956)

was a student of Aligarh.

He graduated in 1895. During this period, Maulana Muhammad Ali

Johar, Maulana Shaukat Ali and Maulvi Abdulhaq were also studying

there. Legends like Maulana Shibli Naumani, Professor T. W. Arnold and

Maulana Hali, too were present in Aligarh, at this time. Shibli and Arnold

were their teachers as well. Zafar Ali Khan composed Persian poetry in

praise of Sir Sayyed Ahmad Khan and recited it in his presence. After

listening to it, Sir Sayyed embraced the young poet.

Zafar Ali Khan delivered a speech at Hyderabad Deccan on the 12th

death anniversary of Sir Sayyed Ahmad Khan. This lecture was penned

down and published in a booklet captioned A Monograph on Sir Sayyed

Ahmad Khan. Zafar Ali Khan also participated in the different meetings of

Muhammadan Educational conference and tried to upgrade Aligarh

College to a university. He composed many poems for Sir Sayyed and his

educational movement. In this article, some of his rare poems have been

discovered and reproduced.

A short comparison of Sir Sayyed and Jamaluddin Afghani is also

given and Zafar Ali Khan's booklet on Afghani is also discussed, which is

mainly based on Prof. E.G. Brown's Literary History of Persia. In short, this

article is a multidimensional study of Sir Sayyed's educational movement

and its comparison with Afghani's efforts. It unfolds Zafar Ali Khan's

OSP )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;ÔÑƒg 31D e^‡m^Êk

contribution in the tradition of familiarization with Sir Sayyad Ahmad

Khan, in its initial stages.

Keywords: Sir Sayyad Ahmed Khan, Zafar Ali Khan, Aligarh College,

AMU Aligarh, Jamaluddin Afghani, E.G. Brown, Sirajuddin Ahmed, Aziz

Mirza, Hyderabad, Independence movement.

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ñâ¤/Zs»ZO[$++ZÖp³m,%iZÆ**xH: ƒñZzgZ,Väu±Z£{y6,ZLTo Muhammad Aziz Mirza, Esq, B.A.,(ALIG) (Honours

in History & English Literature), M.R.A.S., Secretary to

His Highness the Nizam's Government, in the Judicial,

Police and General Depts.

The Writer Dedicates this short sketch of the Life of Sir

Sayyad Ahmad Khan. As a slight testimony of his esteem

and affection .C885i#ÖÆiâä~³m,%iZ;Z{yÆaZq-ZYWàs¸XZ#Z,Vä

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Persian zZÑZq-Â^ZyÅZjãÐZW,5+k,~»¢zgZÖg™@*ìtÂ^6,zWZ~Y',ZîyÅÆ¬!*[ÐsŠìÔ9¥â]z„÷�',Zîyä7Å÷VwÆîg6, Revolution

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Zq-Z½kÆñZiäÐ',ZîyÆQZzgZkÐ;Z{yÆZ.Š}»Z0+Zi{HYYì:',Zîyä–ì:

In 1882 the "Young Egyptian" movement, with which

Sayyid Jamdlu'd-Din had identified himself, and which

aimed primarily at limiting the Khedive's extravagance

and autocratic power and checking foreign intervention

and control, culminated in the revolt of 'Ardbi Pasha, the

bombardment of Alexandria, the battle of Tel-el-Kebir

and the British occupation. Before hostilities broke out

Sayyid Jamalu'd-Din was summoned by the Indian

Government from Haydar-abdd to Calcutta, and there

detained until the struggle was over and the Egyptian

Nationalists were defeated, when he was permitted to

leave India. He came first to London, where he remained

only a few days, and 49C then went to Paris, where he

abode for three years.

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(19) A Monograph on Sir Sayyad Ahmad Khan being An Address

delivered by Mr Zafar Ali Khan,B.A.,(Alig), Assistant Secretary to

H.H..the Nizam's Government, in the Judicial, Police and General

Departments, at a public meeting, held in Hyderabad (Deccan),on the

u¦ÙÏ»Šz§ZÍwZzg;Z{y RLQ

27th of March 1908, under the Presidency of M. A. Hydari, Esq, B.A.,

Financial Secretary to H. H. Nizam's Government, to commemorate

the 12th Anniversary of Sir Sayyad's death.

Secunderabad: Cheekoty Veerannah & Sons, Printers. 1908

Zq-œ~Ðic*Š{²ā¦/gYäÆˆ6102Y~tÂñÑ**;Z{yR,†�Å§sÐgZzZ‡Z{yäZiuâ÷áùHŠHìX‡gMÅœª�ÆaëäjZÙ~ZÏZ÷á®)Æ,]�Šg`K÷X

(20) Eminent educationist, an astute politician, a brilliant orator, an elegant

man of letters, a sound dialectician, an indefatigable archaeologist and

a born engineer....Maulana zafar Ali Khan, A Monograph on Sir

Sayyad Ahmad Khan Lahore;Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Trust 2016 p11

(21) While as a student he was still less promising.,In Arabic his

knowledge was limited to such preliminary works as the Sharah

Mullah, the Sharah Tahzib, the Maibzi and the Mukhtasar Maani. Ibid p17

(22) His power of observation is extraordinary.Ibid p33

(23) Thus, by dint of untiring energy and indefatigable perseverance.Ibid

p41

ñÑ**;Z{yR,†�ÅY+$Ð÷áù™Š{ZkÂa,·Z6,s6102YÆ,]42Ô526,Šg` )42(¸�ÅZkçw~PŠgP™Kõ]gZ{0*‰÷Ôfs~Zy™Kõ]ÅoÅYg„ìX

Ï»ª^·ŠggziÇg;:ÂZ0+'ì�ŠggziÇg;ÂZ0+'÷áùƒŠHì‚Â,Ä~gDÙyOqp÷Å(LLgDÙy£qp÷óó÷áùƒZìW^,ÄÆŠzu}^´~LLzgóóÃLLzióó¯Šc*ŠHìâ,ÄÆŠzu}^´~LLg|#pZ(óóÃLLg|#pZéóó–ŠHìŠHgð,ÄÆ¬^´~LLWMuzgóóóŠg`ìZ#ā¸�äŒVLLWMÆz~óó¹åZ¤/Z%sQÌtHYñÂŒVLLWMuzgóóó7WMuzg~óóƒ**ecåX!*gð,Ä»ª^·LL',8h4ºé EGyyöŠZi™xóóŠg`ìTÐ^·ziy„Ð{g`ƒŠHìÔŠg„�^·LL',8h4ºé EGyy/öŠZi™xóóìX

Î’^ñ‚æÚ%ßçm^l ñZiäÆaŠ&ÀŸ/õ GG%iZZ‡Zv{y¸��{ŠgæbzÍgc*Ñg03Šg%ûÝxgÎw$Ñƒg:>c*ŠÇg�Ôº[-ãzg;9691Ym232z"3›å EE Ê^…‰o

(25) He made up his mind to migrate to Egypt.op-cit p26

SLQ )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;ÔÑƒg 31D e^‡m^Êk

(26) His wife with whom he had spent a life of ideal matrimony died and

his friends asked him to contract a second marriage,he refused to

listen to their advice for the same reason,and having dedicated

himself to the cause of Muslim revival op-cit P-26

(27) Sir Sayyad Ahmad Khan had the germs of greatness imbedded in the

innermost recesses of his soul.op-cit p.18

(28) The influence of Mirza Ghalib's Urdu-i-Mualla is clearly discernible in

the chaste and inimitable style of Sir Sayyad.op-cit p18

(29) (i) M. Garcon de Tassy, the eminent orientalist, translated the

work into French and the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and

Ireland marked its sense of Sir Sayyad's valuable contribution to the

work of antiquarian research by electing him an honorary

member.op-cit p20

(ii) This book which treats of the antiquarian remains of Delhi

possesses a unique scientific merit op-cit p20

(30) op-cit p.48

Zkiâä~7,ñ‘ßvÄÅY+$¬xZZ]gnpÔu±Z£{yÌZkÐI:Ôz{÷á²~~WÏk™D¸ZyÅ÷á²~»Zq-Zzg%:fs~Šg`HYg;ì:

}g—òWgŠiŠgâãāðŠZgx #îy…¨ÓÀöE

!*”i-**ãāðŠZgxøyq-�·GZ„�ZZãāðŠZgx i¬ðpòpZ„iZZßpò6,Ï:ŠZgŠˆ»�Û‚iz‚âãāðŠZgx }.ZŠZgxŠw',;yiG½ŠZgx!%gÁtZ„�ŒÛWãāðŠZgx iƒsZ}ŒÛWy/�ò&pZßDÙZgZyi;ŠZgŠ¤/âãāðŠZgx †q-ipgæŠZgŠ!*!Ø•�

i',;y@*/ZZy÷;ŠZgŠg{zZ÷:ŠZgŠˆzZ÷ëa',;ãāðŠZgx

(31) op-cit p 53

Ñƒg:‚]ò;îk5691Ym952 un^lq^æm‚ Z®s@qà )23((33) To which the renaissance of Islam in this country op-cit p7

(34) Self help, self sacrifice and self reverence

Guide, philosopher and friend

u¦ÙÏ»Šz§ZÍwZzg;Z{y TLQ

(35) It is a life which urges us to be good subjects when our capacity to be

good rulers has become extinct. op-cit p8

(36) It assures us that a little earnestness, when combined, help a man in

the accomplishment of labours which even a Hercules could not

undertake with confidence.op-cit p10

(37) In his memorable brochure dealing with the causes which led to the

upheaval of 1857 ,a work by the way,which may be regarded as a

Decalogue of the fundamental political needs of India.op-cit p 27

(38) The mutiny owed its origin to the absence of indigenous element in

the legislature and to the fact that Englishmen and Indians were a prey

to mutual misunderstandings.op-cit p27

(39) Central idea dominating Sir Sayyad's mind was to bring about a union

between the East and the West.

(40) Sir Sayyad was firmly convined that to promote intimacy between

Oriental and Occidental ways of thought, it was absolutely necessary

that Standard English works should be translated into Urdu. op-cit

p30

(41) Sayyad Ahmad Khan had an unlimited fund of temerity at his

disposal and he forthwith commenced his operations. op-cit p28

(42) He was perfectly right in thinking that a common language for the

whole of India was essential to the future development of a common

Indian nationality.

(43) He had tried to create a common platform for the two communities,

but one of them preferred to remain aloof. op-cit p32

(44) He had kindled a new fire in the dormant furnace of Islam. p54

(45) He was equally anxious with the most ardent supporter of female

education to see the girls brought up and educated in a proper

manner. op-cit p52

m775 un^lq^æm‚ )64(Zsm775 )74(

(48) He was of opinion that the current system of domestic education

whereby girls from their mothers and grand mothers was beneficial to

the community in its present stage. op-cit p-52

ULQ )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;ÔÑƒg 31D e^‡m^Êk

(49) He expressed a hope that the time was not distant when the

enfranchisement of woman within her own proper sphere would

become an accomplished fact. op-cit p-52

Ñƒg:„yZK+M7102Ym552 u†Í�çÑ Ug&Š )05((51) Its doors are open to Hindus and Muhammadans, Christians and

Parsis alike op-cit p-44

(52) I was struck by the sight of the Shia and Sunni praying side by side.

op-cit p-46

This strictly Muhammadan institution have thrown open their doors

to the youth of all races and creeds. Among the 259 students, I find 57

Hindus of nearly one-fourth of the whole Christian and Parsi lads

have also received a liberal education within its walls.op-cit p47

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(65) LIEUT.-COLONEL G. F. .GRAHAM B. s. c. THE LIFE AND WORK

OF SYED AHMED KHAN c. s. I. LONDON: WILLIAM

BLACKWOOD AND SONS EDINBURGH AND MDCCCLXXXV

1885 p275

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MMQ )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;ÔÑƒg 31D e^‡m^Êk

Mr Zafar Ali Khan, B.A.,(Alig) P 3

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(93) Sir Michael O'Dwyer, Chapter xi India as I knew it 1885-1925

London Constable & Company Ltd. 1925.

(94) See First chapter Sayyid Jamdlu'd-Di'n, the Protagonist of

Pan-Islamism of THE PERSIAN REVOLUTION OF 1905 1909 BY

EDWARD G. BROWNE, M.A., M.B., F.B.A., SIR THOMAS ADAMs'

PROFESSOR OF ARABIC AND FELLOW OF PEMBROKE COLLEGE

IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Cambridge : the University

Press 1910

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vieillard, but does not inspire me with entire confidence. His features

are coarse, his hands coarse, and I should not be surprised if he turned

out to be a faux bonhomme.''

Wilfird Scawen Blunt India Under Rippon : A Private Diary Secret

History of the English Occupatation of Egypt" London: T Fisher

unvin 1909 P.156

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