Yahira L. Aviles DiazWalden University

EDUC 7101

Early 1900’s Need of specialized courses

Minimum research found (as it usually happens when researching innovations).

Research available mostly in United States. There is a need to develop more online

courses. There is a relation between teacher’s online

learning environment experience and student retention (or program success)

Evaluative instrumentation Improvement of outcomes for students with

disabilities Further systematic research is needed.

1906 – 1st distance learning correspondence

1929 – radio as a learning medium 1961 – television as a distance learning

tool 1991 – 1st online learning

implementation (California) 1994 – Statewide virtual schools in Utah 1996 – Virtual High School Global

Consortium (VHS) 2000-2001 – 1st full-time program in US

45 out 50 states offer online courses Virtual schools (part-time) Cyber schools (full-time) Hybrid or blended programs created

Offer wider range of courses Solve scheduling conflicts Equivalent grade certification or diploma Time Location Financial

Archambault, L., & Crippen, K. (2009). K-12 distance educators at work: Who’s teaching online across the United States. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 41(4), 363-391.

Barbour, K. (2011). The promise and the reality: Exploring virtual schooling in rural jurisdictions. Education in Rural Australia, 21 (1), 1-19.

Davis, R., Marshall, J., Mills, S., Pape, L., & Roblyer, M. (2008). Toward practical procedures for predicting and promoting success in virtual school students. The American Journal of Distance Education, 22(2), 91-104. doi: 10.1080/08923640802039040