yay sleep, that’s where i’m a viking!. studying sleep sleep labs polysomnography - detailed...
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Sleep – the most common ASCYay sleep, that’s where I’m a viking!
Studying SleepSleep LabsPolysomnography - detailed monitoring and
recording of physiological responses during sleep
Studying SleepElectroencephalogram - EEGElectromyograph - EMGElectro-oculargram - EOG
The sleep Scientist at Work
Sleep patterns and stages
Non Rapid Eye Movement sleepStage 1 NREM – dosing, falling asleep, hypnic jerks, losing
awareness (alpha, theta) 5 – 10 mins
Stage 2 NREM – truly asleep, everything continues to slow, (theta with spindles – high frequency & k complexes - low freq high amplitude) may still think not asleep 10 – 20 mins
Non Rapid Eye Movement Sleep3 NREM – deeper sleep, more slowing of bodily function
(theta, delta) 30 mins
4 NREM – Deepest, hard to wake, disorientated (delta) 20 mins at beginning less as night goes on
Rapid Eye Movement SleepREM sleep – Rapid eye movement, dream
sleep Higher arousal but not awake,Helps consolidate memories - form new
connections between neurons, evidence that young have more REM than old as brain still developing
1 = Alpha/Theta
2 = Theta/Spindles/ K complex
3 = Theta / Delta
4 = Delta
REM = Alpha
Sleep pattern shifts over the lifespanMost people your age get about 8 hoursResearch shows that adolescents need 9 or
10 hoursMany people report not being able to get to
sleep quickly, not getting enough sleep and difficulty getting up in the morning
Biological factors – rhythms – regulate when we sleep and wake through the release of hormones that make us tired
Our sleep-wake cycle is called a circadian rhythm – this means about a day
So why are you tired?During adolescence your sleep-wake cycle is shifted
biologically (through the release of hormones) to make you require about 2 hours more sleep!
But our school and work day does not really allow for this! (that’s shit)
As we consistently get less than optimum sleep we create a sleep debt – this compounds like a fine you haven't payed – it gets bigger and bigger
As a result you try to catch up on the weekend! But then you go to bed later and compound the problem!
Research shows that less than 8 hours has a negative impact on cognitive function
Why do we need to sleep?Restoration 1. Recovery from physical and mental exertion2. Repair damaged cells3. Replenish energy stores4. Memory formation
Survival1. Night time is dangerous for humans2. Being inactive during this time aids our
survival as we are less likely to be eaten!
Sleep DeprivationMeans going without sleepInvolves partial or total loss of sleepMay occur during one night or for several
nights.Varies from one individual to another
Longest anyone known to have gone without sleep is 11 days – suffered severe psychological effects during deprivation, hallucinated and deluded
Psychological effects
Results in unpleasant feelings, irritability, fatigue, loss of concentration, headaches, lowered energy levels and slower reaction time
Extreme cases depression, hallucinations & delusions. Effects can be overcome with a few good nights sleep with fewer hours sleep
than those lost
Physiological effectsHeart slows, shaking, increase sensitivity to
pain, immune function impairedEffects can be overcome with a few good
nights sleep with fewer hours sleep than those lost
Sleep deprivation research – do sleeping pills work?Research using the administration of drugs often
encounters a problem known as the Placebo effectThe placebo effect occurs when a participant's
behavioural response is influenced by their expectation of how they should behave
The expectations of the participants rather than (or as well as) the independent variable, may be affecting the dependent variable and therefore the results
Eg. You know you had the drug so you expect to sleep better. I cant know now if the drug or your expectation caused the change