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Year 8 Geography Ark Globe Academy

Remote Learning Pack Spring Term 1

Pack 4

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Session Title Work to be completed

Resource provided

Outcome On-Line Support

Week starting Monday 22nd February

1 Urbanisation Session 1: Complete tasks 1-4 (p.4-7)

Work pack Tasks completed in full sentences. All questions attempted.

f.barrie@arkglobe.org g.rogers@arkglobe.org s.delacave@arkglobe.org a.mcgregor@arkglobe.org r.bonser@arkglobe.org

2 LICs and HICs Session 2: Online lesson

Log on to MS Teams for your online lesson

All questions attempted.

f.barrie@arkglobe.org g.rogers@arkglobe.org s.delacave@arkglobe.org a.mcgregor@arkglobe.org r.bonser@arkglobe.org

Week starting Monday 1st March

3 Opportunities in Lagos

Session 3: Complete tasks 1-4 (p.8-10)

Work pack Tasks completed in full sentences. All questions attempted.

f.barrie@arkglobe.org g.rogers@arkglobe.org s.delacave@arkglobe.org a.mcgregor@arkglobe.org r.bonser@arkglobe.org

4 Challenges in Lagos

Session 4: Online lesson

Log on to MS Teams for your online lesson

All questions attempted.

f.barrie@arkglobe.org g.rogers@arkglobe.org s.delacave@arkglobe.org a.mcgregor@arkglobe.org r.bonser@arkglobe.org

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Knowledge Organiser

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Session 1: Urbanisation Learning Objective: To investigate why and how urbanisation has occurred Key words: Urbanisation = the process of people moving to cities Urban = city Rural = countryside Megacity = a city with over 10 million people living in it Distribution = spread / pattern

Task 1: Do Now – complete the questions on your lined paper

1. Define the terms urban and rural

2. Suggest why people might move to urban areas

3. Suggest where the biggest urban areas are in the world (name some examples of the largest cities)

Task 2: Exposition – read and complete the tasks Today more than 50 per cent of the world's population live in urban areas. The number of cities with over 10 million people is increasing. These are called mega-cities.

1) Task: The red circles on the map represent the world’s megacities. Using your

planner/Google Maps, identify as many megacities as possible (at least 5)

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2) Task: Describe the distribution of megacities.

Success criteria

- Where are most megacities located? Which continent? Give an example. - Where are least megacities located? Which continent? Give an example.

Task 3: Comprehension – Read the text and complete the 3 tasks People are moving to cities because of push and pull factors. Lagos is a megacity in Nigeria that is experiencing rapid population growth due to people migrating (moving) there.

1) Task: Note down the key definitions of push and pull factors

2) Task: Categorise each box as either a push or a pull factor for people in LICs (Low Income Countries) and NEEs (Newly Emerging Economies)

E.g. 1 = pull factor (positive)

1. There are a lot of

manufacturing

jobs that earn

more money

2. There is less of a

police presence

in rural areas

3. Most people are

farmers where

they cannot rely

on much money

4. People have to

walk miles to get

water that may

not even be clean

5. Transport links

are very limited

meaning people

cannot move

around that

freely

6. There are more

universities so

people can

become well

educated

7. People have to

walk miles to see

a Doctor and

supplies may

have run out

when they get

there

8. There is a larger

police presence

so people feel

safer

9. There are many

more schools

meaning more

children can be

educated

10. There is a more

reliable source of

electricity

11. There are jobs in

services such as

banking which

can earn lots of

money

12. Often crops do

not grow leaving

people in famine

(not enough

food) and

poverty

Push factors are negative factors that make people want to leave a place

Pull factors are positive factors pulling that make people want to move to a place

Push factors make people want to leave rural areas E.g. lack of job opportunities

Pull factors make people want to move to urban areas E.g. higher paid job opportunities

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3) Task: Now read the accounts of the different people and state what the push or pull factors were for each person. (at least one push and pull factor for each person)

My name is Aaryahi and I have just recently moved from a small village called Mamau to New Delhi. It is very different to what I’m used to. I had to leave my village because my family were subsistence farmers. That means we could only make enough food to eat, not to sell. This meant we were very poor and did not have any extra money. My three younger sisters cannot go to school because we cannot afford it and they need to help on the farm. My mum and dad did not like this and because I am the eldest, I have come to New Delhi in search of work. I hope to get a job in law or finance, then I can send money home to my family

My name is Kehinde and I am from a tiny village called Wuse. I have come to Lagos because I was fleeing with my family. There is a terrorist group called Boko Haram that operate in rural N.E Nigeria that don’t like girls going to school. That means if I am in Lagos they will not be able to find me and I can go to school in peace. My family also heard that there is lots of housing in Lagos, and better jobs. This means my parents can get more work and earn money to be able to send all of my siblings to school as well. We realise how precious education is so we were willing to flee our hometown and friends in search of a better life.

My name is Aayu, and I am originally from Rahmat Khali in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is becoming increasingly affected by climate change a lot more than other places in the world. That’s because it’s so close to sea level and the Meghna River runs right through it which often floods. Our house has flooded and our fields have too. This means we are now homeless and we have lost our livelihood as farmers. My family and I have all had to move to Dhaka, but I’m ok with that. I’ve heard there’s lots to do there like go out to restaurants, and get jobs in offices. This sounds fun, hopefully we will get a new house that is a better standard and we will have more money to spend on things like food and education.

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Task 4: Plenary

Imagine you and your family have just moved from rural Nigeria to urban Lagos. You need to write a diary account of why this has happened.

Include:

→ Introduction to Nigeria → Two pull factors to Lagos → Two push factors from rural Nigeria → Conclusion: are you happy or not?

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Session 2: Online lesson LICs and HICs

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Session 3: Opportunities in Lagos Learning Objective: To investigate the opportunities of urbanisation in Lagos, Nigeria Key words: Rural-urban migration = when people move from the countryside to cities Natural increase = when the population grows because birth rates are higher than death rates Industrialisation = when there is a decline in primary jobs (e.g. farming) and an increase in secondary jobs (e.g. manufacturing/factories)

Task 1: Do Now – complete on your lined paper Task: Describe Lagos’s location (use Google maps to help) Success criteria:

- Which country is it in? - Which continent is it in? What direction within that continent? (use compass

directions) - What are some of the neighbouring countries? - continent and neighbouring countries.

Task 2: Exposition – note take (at least 5 bullet points) Nigeria is Africa’s most populated country. Lagos is Nigeria’s largest city. It lies in the South West of the country on the coast, close to Nigeria’s border with Benin. Lagos has the highest population of any city in Africa, at about 21 million people. The main driver of growth in Lagos over the past 50 years has been rural– urban migration. People are encouraged to leave the countryside by push factors such as the lack of job opportunities and low wages. They are brought to the city by pull factors such as the prospect of well-paid work and the attraction of an urban lifestyle. Another reason for Lagos’ population growth is the high rate of natural increase in the city’s population. This is due to the city’s youthful population, since most migrants to the city are young. Nigeria is becoming an increasingly urbanised country.

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Lagos is also in a process of industrialisation, where more jobs are in manufacturing (factories, construction) rather than farming (as you find more in rural areas). Manufacturing jobs earn more money and so people want to move to Lagos for these better job opportunities. Watch this video to find out more about how Lagos is changing economically: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q9sMr4-nyHU

Task 3: Comprehension – read the text and complete the tasks

1) Summarise 7 reasons why people want to move to Lagos

e.g. Employment → higher paid jobs, e.g. lawyers → able to earn more and send money home

2) Answer the questions at the bottom on your paper in full sentences. Why do people want to move to Lagos?

• There are better employment opportunities in Lagos that aren’t farming. Jobs are available here that are not available anywhere else in Nigeria, even the capital Abuja. Jobs such as lawyers, business women and men, computing, finance are in demand, allowing people to earn a significantly better wage and send money home.

• Better education is a massive pull factor to Lagos, as schools and universities are in much higher numbers here. People realise that with education people can access these good that are found in Lagos, allowing them to earn more money and have a better quality of life. People see education as a way to get out of farming and be able to get into industries such as finance, film, fashion, business.

• Health care facilities in rural areas are very poor. Often the most vulnerable, so mainly children and the elderly, will die from curable diseases simply because they cannot access the health care. People see Lagos as a place where their health will be at less risk and their life expectancy will increase. The nearest clinic or hospital will be a lot closer than if you live in a village, even though you may still have to queue if you cannot afford to pay for medicines.

• With Lagos being such a vast city, transport links have rapidly improved. The first stage of a planned rapid transit network in the city has already been built, and taxis are everywhere. Public buses are used, allowing many different ways to travel around the city.

• Although the electricity supply is in short supply and is very temperamental, it is in a much better state than in rural areas who may struggle to find electricity at all in some places. Two new power stations are planned to reduce the city’s shortage of electricity and to light the streets at night. The most wealthy households and businesses rely on generators to provide power when the network fails.

• Water supply is also temperamental, with only the wealthiest homes having a piped water supply. However, others use public taps and boreholes or buy their water from street vendors. In rural areas people could be walking miles to source our fresh water to drink.

• With Boko Haram being a major threat to people’s lives in rural areas, and with police presence being very scarce in rural areas, crime rates are high. Crime rates are still high in Lagos, but the city has brought a system into place in that three helicopters have been bought for police to spot criminal activities such as muggings, burglaries and carjacking’s. There is also a high police presence in Lagos.

Questions:

1. Why is education important for people as a pull factor?

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2. How does electricity lead to development?

3. How does a better water supply link to development?

Task 4: Plenary You need to write a report on how Lagos is changing, for it to be published in the local newspaper. You need to include:

→ Introduction to Lagos → 3 ways it is changing socially → 1 way it is changing economically → Conclusion: is Lagos changing?

(Must be at least 6 sentences)

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Session 4: Online lesson Challenges in Lagos