ying li, ken brodlie and nicholas phillips * school of computer studies, university of leeds, uk ...
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Ying Li, Ken Brodlie and Nicholas Phillips *
School of Computer Studies, University of Leeds, UK
http://www.scs.leeds.ac.uk/vis/ying/
Web-based VR Training Simulator for Percutaneous Rhizotomy
January 29, 2000* Department of Neurosurgery, Leeds General Infirmary, UK
Motivation
• The limitation of current VR training systems
• The advantages of web based VR environment
• It is possible
Dedicated, expensive equipment
Accessible, scalable, low cost
The Surgical Procedure - Percutaneous Rhizotomy
Lesion Generator
Insert needle electrode at correct position & orientation on face
Locate & puncture foramen ovale to access and burn ganglion nerve
• Highly skilled operation
Why is Simulation Useful
• Risky
• Awkward to train new staff
Especially to locate foramen ovale
Patient awake for part of the procedure
Dissection of carotid artery will affect blood supply to brain
• A simple web-based simulator
Our Simulator
• Aims to be an adjunct to training of neurosurgeons
Shorten period of training
Understanding of procedure and risks involved
VRML world extended with Java EAI to provide simulation
The Simulator - Architecture
• Client-based systemDownload self-contained simulation to client
Web
Ser
ver
Bro
wse
r
download
Single download, no dependency on network
• Extend reality by multiple views
The Simulator - Virtual World
From the eye of the surgeon
From the eye of the needle electrode
Eye of the surgeon Eye of the needle
Java EAI
The Simulator - Manipulating The Tools
• Controller
• Rotate and translateaccording to rules of surgical procedure
• Three VRML worldsco-ordinated through Java EAI
The Simulator - Hitting The Target
• Collision detection between
Only collision with viewer
objects not supported in VRML• Solution:
Detect collision with eye of the needle electrode