Yoga Transformed: From Patanjali to Modern Asana

A Two-Part Mettauniversity Ecourse, May 21 & 28, 2014 with Eric Shaw, MA.RS, MA.SE, MA.AS, E-RYT 500

TEACHERS

1200!BCE

1100!CE!

1893!CE

!2900 BCE!

!?!

TIMELINE700 BCE!-200 CE !

Vedic!Tapasya

Upani-!shads

Pranot-!thana

Hatha!Yoga

Mo-!dern!Yoga

Pashu-!pat !

Seals

yoga

Vasco de

Gama!Lands in India: 1498!

sets of 84 poses from the early 1800s

“Mens sana in corpore sano”

FrederickJahn

1778-1852

Pehr Ling

1776-1839

Gustav Zander

1835-1920

Modern Fitness or “Physical Culture”

Francois Delsarte’s (1811-1871) training system became a proto-yoga

fad populated mostly by women

DelsartismLate 18th Century

Deslarte’s movements and poses, late 1880s

Tingley

She lead Protests against WW I

She organized an International Peace Conference

She formed The Raja Yoga Academy to teach Children in Point Loma, CA

Early 1900s The Theosophist leader, Katherine Tingley, combined Yoga with Activism

She gave free meals to the

needy

promoted the perfect

The Great Eugen Sandow in 1903.mp4

(1867 - 1925) Eugen Sandow

Physique

Swami Vivekananda A Napoleonic Supersaint

Built on Delsartism’s Popularity and Introduced Yoga

Kesub Chandra Sen 1838-1884

The Brahmo Samaj

Swami Vivekananda 1863-1902

Ram Mohan Roy

1774-1833

Protrap C. Majumdar 1840-1905

Sri Ramakrishna Paramahansa recognized Vivekananda’s potential, made him a disciple,

and gave him mystic initiation

He!Brought the !Yoga Sutra !

Into !Modern !Practice

!First Public Yoga Hatha Yoga Teaching In the U.S.A.

Swami Abhedananda

Sara Farmer Abhedananda Vivekananda Nivedita Sarah Bull

He welcomed women to yoga and explaining it in terms of physics, evolution, and self-culture

The Mature Oom: the Clarkstown Country Club and

Celebrative TantraThe Omnipotent Oom & The Tantrik Order of

America

Pierre Bernard Sylvias Hamati & Blanche DeVries

Mollie Bagot Stackʼs

London,1925

dance-Inspired

Stretch and Swing System

Mollie Stack’s

Vinyasa“Legs in the Air”“A Beautiful Seal”

“Swing Back”

c. 1925

Cajzoran Ali came from France to America

and taught Harmonial Hatha Yoga c. 1928

Urdhva Mukha Svanasana

Eka Pada Setu Bandhasana

Halasana

Vinyasac. 1932

charya’s Krishnama-

Kola Venkatesh Iyer

Bishnu Ghosh

KrishnamacharyaBhavanrao Pant

Swami Sivananda

King Wadiyar IV

the Hatha Yoga

renaissance of 1930s India

Krishnamacharya Kola V. Iyer

& Pattabhi Jois

Calcutta

Pune

Rishikesh

Mysore

The Yoga Renaissance of Rishikesh, Kolkata, Mysore & N. of Mysore

Sri Yogendra Kuvalayananda

& B. K. S. Iyengar

Sivananda Vishnu Devananda & Satchitananda Sri Yukteshwar

Yogananda & Bishnu Ghosh Santa Cruz

Lonavla

Teaches Hatha Yoga

Paramahansa Yogananda

the bikram system, founded in the us, 1970

emmy cleaves

bikram choudhury,

b. 1946

Bishnu Ghosh,

1903-1970

yoga competitions

jimmy barkam

tony sanchez

Krishnamacharya’s toured India with “circus tricks” spreading “yoga propaganda”

Poses from Bukh Gymnastics, c. 1920

The !“Dand”!A Move from Indian Wrestling

Krishnamacharya taught 1930s Yogis

Ritual !Prostration

important ashtangis

Nancy Gilgoff

Richard Freeman

David Williams Norman Allen

Chuck Miller, Maty Ezraty

Beryl BirchDavid SwensonTim Miller

Jois And Krishnamacharya’s Ashtanga Yoga

!!!!!!

Krishna !!!!!!!!!

1915 – 2009!!!

Pattabhi Jois !!!

swami sivananda radha trains with sivananda in 1956-7

desikachar forms kym, publishes books, creates viniyoga, and teaches yoga to his children, mekhala and kausthub

krishnamacharya began teaching his son , desikachar, in 1961

vinyasapracticein

B. K. S. Iyengar The “1938 Film”of

Iyengar b o r n 1 9 1 8

Bellur SundararajaKrishnamachar

Iyengar’s 1975 Principles of Alignment were Wholly New

Vishnu-Devananda !and !

Iyengarʼs Posework

This is the

image they were trying

to avoid!

Both aestheticized & classicized posture, making yoga “export ready”

Theos Bernard & B. K. S. Iyengar

John Friend Simplified Iyengar’s Alignment System and Combined Tantrik and Community Elements in his Anusara Yoga Movement

Dozens of female luminaries teach Iyengar’s style

sullivan

scarvelli

iyengar

dunn

walden

benagh

holleman

vernongudmestad

miller farmer

lasater

Mahatma Gandhi used yoga to leverage Indian independence and his work remains our most powerful example of yoga-inspired activism

indra devi was taught by krishnamacharya, satya sai

baba & kuvalayanandaIndra Devi trained with

Krishnamacharya in 1938

nischala joy devi, devotee of swami satchitananda

Nischala Joy Devi has made improving health

her mission

she makes exuberance and human evolution primary

Seane Corn exemplifies the exoteric and activist spirit of

Modern Western Yoga

Pashu-!Pat !Seal

1200!BCE

1200!CE

1893!CE

2900 !BCE

?

Upani-!shads

800BCE!-200 CE

Prano-!Tana

Hatha!Yoga

Mo-!dern!Yoga

AGAINTIMELINE

Vedic!Kesins

Finish

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