york blvd. the economics of a road diet
TRANSCRIPT
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Mult. modes
Transit
Walk
Bicycle
Drive
No response
Slow
Fast
No effect
No response
No change
Less
More
No response
No change
Less
No response
No
Yes
More
No response
Not sure
No
Yes
No response
Not sure
No
Yes
Legend
Do you think more people visit your business when cars drive fast past your business or when they have to drive slowly past your business?
Do you think more, less, or the same number of people would visit your business if there were more car lanes on the road?
Do you think more, less, or the same number of people would visit your business if there were less car lanes on the road?
Do you think bicycle lanes hurt your business?
Would you support removing car lanes on the road to add bicycle lanes?
Would you support removing parking lanes on the road to add bicycle lanes?
How would you guessmost of your customerscome to your business?
Surveyquestion
Road d
iet
Non-road
diet
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Legend Transit
Walk
Bicycle
Drive
Slow
Fast
No effect No effect
Narrow
Wide
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
Do you prefer to shop on streets where cars drive fast or where cars drive slowly, or does the speed of cars have no effect on where you shop?
Do you prefer to shop on narrow, quiet streets or wide, busy streets, or does the type of street have no effect on where you shop?
Do you think it is important to have bicycle lanes on streets?
Would you support removing car lanes on the road to add bicycle lanes?
Would you support removing parking lanes on the road to add bicycle lanes?
How did you get here today?
Surveyquestion
Road d
iet
Non-road
diet
RESEARCH BY
Cullen McCormick [email protected]
PROJECT ADVISORS
Donald Shoup, Ph.D. UCLA, Faculty Advisor
Alexis Lantz LACBC, Client Representative
Nate Baird LADOT, Project Advisor
SUPPORT FROM
ReferencesKlein, G., Reiskin, E., and Sadik-Kahn, J. (2012, January 23). Mobility strategies in the 21st century. Discussion panel presented at the Transportation Research Board 91st Annual Meeting, Washington, DC.
Huang, H., Stewart, J., and Zegeer, C. (2004, March). Summary report: Evaluation of lane reduction "road diet" measures and their effects on crashes and injuries. Retrieved February 9, 2012, from http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/safety/humanfac/04082/index.cfm
$229$270
$624
$380
18%-39%
$0.52 $0.66 $0.37 $0.51
27%
39%
Average property saleprice per square foot
Average sales tax revenueper square foot per year
Road diet
2000-2005
pre-implementation
2006-2011
post-implementation
Percent change
Non-road diet
Road diet
Non-road diet
Customer surveyresponses
Merchant surveyresponses
About Methods ConclusionsKey FindingsA need for researchCities throughout the country are increasingly reapportioning road space to accommodate bicyclists (KLEIN, REISKIN, AND SADIK-KAHN, 2012). There are myriad voices both supporting and opposing these modifications on economic grounds, but surprisingly few data to back either argument.
Research questionHow do road diets and bike lanes affect surrounding local economies, both in quantitative terms and popular opinion?
York Boulevard creates a natural experiment• Land use and socioeconomic
characteristics are comparable over the entire study corridor
• Half of the corridor has a road diet and bicycle lanes and the other half does not
• Research compares economic conditions spatially, between the road diet and non-road diet sections, as well as temporally, before and after the 2006 road diet implementation
• The design of road diets and bicycle facilities must carefully involve local community members, especially those whose businesses and homes flank proposed road diets and bicycle facilities
• Multilingual, multifaceted outreach efforts are essential to successful, community-supported bikeway projects
• Cities and bicycle advocacy organizations should integrate economic impact studies into bikeway planning and conduct follow-up studies after bikeway implementation
• Future research should examine the effects on adjacent businesses of converting on-street parking to bike lanes
Data Analysis
Qua
litat
ive
Qua
ntit
ativ
e
Businessowner/managersurveys
Customerinterceptsurveys
Property sale price(LOS ANGELESCOUNTYASSESSOR’SOFFICE)
New businessopenings
Business turnover(CALIFORNIASTATEBOARD OFEQUALIZATION)
Bradley-Burnssales tax(CALIFORNIASTATEBOARD OFEQUALIZATION)
Surveyresponsecomparison
Surveyresponsecomparison
T-test;hedonicpricemodel
Chi-square test
Chi-square test
Non-statisticalcomparison(aggregateddata prohibitstatisticalcomparison)
• Data suggest road diets have no negative effects on surrounding businesses or property values. Therefore, opposition to road diets on economic grounds appears unfounded. Still, opinions about removing on-street parking and auto lanes for bike lanes/road diets are divided
• Merchants do not feel that bike lanes hurt their businesses and customers believe bike lanes are important roadway additions
• Sales tax revenues are higher on the road diet section of the corridor, yet other locational variables beyond the presence of the road diet likely influence these values
• The road diet has a statistically insignificant effect on property sale price, business turnover, and new business openings
• On-street parking is an important asset to both local merchants and customers
• Merchants’ perceptions about their customers’ travel patterns do not align with customers’ stated travel modes
2
110
Ave
55Av
e 54Av
e 50
Aldama St
Figueroa St
York Blvd
OccidentalCollege
Highland Park MetroGold Line Station
HighlandPark
Eagle Rock
FranklinHigh School
Eagle Rock Boulevard - Avenue 55Road diet/bike lanes
Avenue 55 - Figueroa StreetNo road diet/bike lanes
York Boulevard Study Corridor
LosAngeles
DowntownLos Angeles
York Boulevard
1 Mile
Non
-roa
d di
etR
oad
diet
Typical road diet conversion from four auto lanes (top) to three auto lanes and bike lanes (bottom). On streets with less than roughly 20,000 daily auto trips, road diets improve safety without worsening traffic congestion (HUANG, STEWART, AND ZEGEER, 2004).
Eagle
Roc
k Bl
vd