york county · 2017. 4. 4. · stuff: compulsive hoarding and the meaning of things, randy frost...
TRANSCRIPT
NAMI is a non-profit, grassroots, self-help, support and advocacy organization, founded in Wisconsin in 1979. Its membership is composed of consumers,
families and friends of people with severe mental illness. NAMI is represented in all 50 states, with over 1000 local affiliates. NAMI recognizes that the key
concepts of recovery, resiliency and support are essential to improving the wellness and the quality of life of all persons affected by mental illness.
York County APRIL 2017
NAMI York County 140 Rooseve l t Avenue, Su i te 105, York , PA 17401 717 -848 -3784 Of f i ce Hours : M -F 8:00 -4:00 www.nam iyork .o rg nam iyc@gmai l . com Please leave a message and we ’ l l ca l l you back
Inside this issue:
Check It Out! 2
PA ABLE Savings
Program
3
Bell’s Big Bed Race 4
NAMI York County
Support Groups
5
NAMI’s Peer-to-Peer
Education Course 6
NAMI Keystone PA
Conference 7
What are People Saying
About IOOV?
8
Calendar of Events 9
NAMI Membership
Changes 10
Board of Directors
Debra Dudley
President
Grant Noll
Vice President
Ike Hileman Treasurer &
Acting Secretary
Sheryl Dahlheimer
Mary Lemmon
Dr. Todd Muneses
Att. Andrew Norfleet
NAMI York County’s Annual Meeting and
8th Annual Mental Illness Awareness Walk Kick-Off
WHEN? Thursday, May 18, 2017
WHERE? Hoss’s Steak & Sea House, 2175 White Street
York, 17404
TIME? 12:00 P.M. - 1:30 P.M.
COST? FREE, but because of limited seating, You
MUST RSVP by Friday, May 8th. Call
the NAMI Office at 717-848-3784 or email
Danielle at [email protected]
Join us as we celebrate our accomplishments, plan for the future, and honor our volunteers and supporters.
“Volunteers Are the of NAMI”
Welcome April
NAMI YORK COUNTY APRIL 2017 PAGE 2
Check It Out!
NAMI York County has a
brand new website. It’s
still at www.namiyork.org.
Along with a wealth of
information, you can
now donate and/or
become a member
online.
The Mighty
For any person living with a mental illness out there, I have found a great website to let you know that many of your symptoms and experiences might be similar to others throughout the country (world?). Maybe most of you know by now what I am writing about. This website is The Mighty at https://themighty.com .
This site includes real life stories of other mental health consumers, how others deal with their symptoms, and how they overcame (come) these symptoms. The Mighty gives tips on how to handle situations affecting your mental health that might arise unexpectedly.
It is not only other consumers' experiences, but at the beginning of each month, they have a "project" to enhance self-esteem and other aspects of your life. Don't worry, these "projects" do not require the amount of work you needed in school. They are fun, simple, and take as little (or as much) time as you are willing to give. Each week, The Mighty gives a new twist to the original theme of these "projects". In other words, for each theme, each week builds on the next. For example, at the beginning of the next month, there is another theme that builds your self-esteem.
The latest news about mental health is also included in their website.
You can choose to see only mental health tips and stories, but they also have themed stories for other physical diagnoses, as well. So, if you experience mental health symptoms and another illness, you can have both sent to your email, Facebook page, or Twitter account. And you can select as many of these as you want.
The Mighty website is an upbeat, good resource to read and learn from!
I enthusiastically encourage anyone wanting to improve their mental health, and many other physical symptoms, to check this out if you haven't already.
By Donna Zmijewski
NAMI YORK COUNTY APRIL 2017 PAGE 3
Disclaimer: The views expressed in the newsletter are not necessarily the views of NAMI York County.
Groups and events mentioned in the newsletter are for informational purposes and are not necessarily endorsed by NAMI.
PA ABLE Savings Program Launch!
Pennsylvania will be officially launching the Pa ABLE Savings Accounts as of April 3, 2017! ABLE accounts are tax advantaged savings accounts, similar to 529 accounts, that are designed specifically to allow persons with special needs to save for their future and to promote their independence, while still maintaining their eligibility for essential public benefits, such as Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and Medicaid. Specifically, a person who was determined to be disabled before age 26 is eligible for an ABLE account. He or other persons may contribute monies (including earned income), up to $14,000 per year to an ABLE account for his benefit. The monies in the ABLE account grow tax free so long as they are used for qualified disability expenses, such as education, housing, transportation, health, and basic living expenses. These accounts will be a valuable and important tool in planning for the security and future of persons with disabilities.
Source: McAndrews Law Offices For more information visit: mcandrewslaw.com or http://www.paable.gov/
Resources for working with Individuals with Hoarding Behaviors
Books Buried in Treasure: Help for Compulsive Acquiring, Saving and Hoarding, Randy Frost and Gail Steketee,
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Press, (2010)
Compulsive Hoarding and Acquiring: Treatment that Works, Workbook Randy Frost and Gail Steketee, Houghton
Mifflin Harcourt Press, (2010)
Digging Out: Helping Your Loved One Manage Clutter, Hoarding and Compulsive Acquiring, Michael A.
Tompkins and Tamara L. Hartl (2009)
Stuff: Compulsive Hoarding and the Meaning of Things, Randy Frost and Gail Steketee (2010)
The Hoarding Handbook: A Guide for Human Service Professionals, Bratiotis, C., Schmalisch, C., & Skeketee,
G. Oxford University, (2011)
Websites Helping Hoarders Help Themselves - http://www.helpforhoarders.co.uk/self-help/
Cluttergone - http://www.compulsive-hoarding.org/index.html
Hoarding Fact Sheet - http://www.beachpsych.com/pages/cc80.html
Mayo Clinic - http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hoarding/basics/definition/CON-20031337
Web MD - http://www.webmd.com/mental-health/features/harmless-pack-rat-or-compulsive-hoarder?
Fire Prevention - http:www.nfpa.org/public-education/by-topic/safety-in-the-home/hoarding-and-fire-safety
Tufts University Veterinary School - http://www.tufts.edu/vet/hoarding/
National Fondue & The Day Of The Mushroom with Deb Bixler
Let's celebrate two great foods and mix them into awesome combinations!
Cheese Fondue, Stuffed Mushrooms, Mushroom Fondue, Chocolate Fondue, Cheesy Mushrooms...
We will also make some Roast Mushrooms and quick breads for dipping!
Free cooking class and samples for all!
Wednesday, April 12th, 9:30 am at TrueNorth Wellness
Thursday, April 13th, 9:30 am at NHS Human Services
Thursday, April 13th, 12:45 pm at Bell Socialization (Open to all consumers - RSVP to Karen
at 717.848.5767)
Sponsored by Presented by
NAMI YORK COUNTY APRIL 2017 PAGE 4
CURIOUS ABOUT MEDITATION PRACTICE FOR RELAPSE PREVENTION AND
IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF YOUR LIFE?
FREE OF COST
An Invitation to Heartfulness Meditation:
Cultivating Openness, Kindness, and Compassion to Present-Moment Experience. Are you interested in learning how to increase focus, calm and clarity in your life? Would you like to decrease stress and improve your ability to accept and work with what is difficult? Guiding Hearts with Hope would like to invite you to join them for this introductory session on Saturday, April 8th at 2:00 PM.
The purpose of this program is to examine the benefits of Heartfulness Meditation for people with (SUD) Substance Use Disorders and Depression. The purpose of this 8-week program to help enhance positivity and wellness.
Guiding Hearts with Hope is a local 501c3 non-profit community organization that PROMOTES HEALTH AND WELLNESS by integrating holistic health programs to strengthen mind, body, spirit, and community with a focus on promoting recovery wellness and mindfulness stress reduction.
Location: Mark Lutheran Church 129 Charles Street
(Please enter by the Willow St “office” red door) Hanover, PA 17331
Introductory Session: Saturday, 4/8 at 2 pm- One time session
To begin the 8-week sessions at 7:00 PM:
Wednesdays April 12, 19, 26 and May 3, 10, 17, 24, and 31 at 7 pm
For questions or to reserve your space, e-mail Martha at [email protected] .
Bell’s Big Bed Race - Get geared up, fluff your pillows, and grease your wheels!
The second annual Bell’s Big Bed Race is scheduled for Saturday, April 22, 2017, from 9a.m. to 12p.m.
WHAT TO EXPECT Bell’s Big Bed Race is a quirky, super fun, family-friendly event to raise funds and awareness for all the great work accomplished by Bell Socialization Services in the past 50 years, and specifically the programs that help local people find safe, affordable housing, including a bed to sleep in at night.
Teams of five — four pushers and one rider — build and decorate race-worthy beds (guidelines) and race against other teams in one-on-one heats with spectators cheering them to a rousing, high-energy win.
Event day kicks off at 9:00 a.m. with a Parade of Beds led by the 2017 parade Grand Marshal.
Racing begins immediately after the parade and will run until about 11:30, concluding with the awards presentation.
GETTING THERE The 2017 event will be held on N. Beaver Street, in York, just a half block from downtown York’s Go Green in the City festivities happening the same day from 10-3. For directions to the event site from where you live, use 135 N. Beaver Street, York PA 17401 on maps.google.com.
Event PARKING should be available in the gravel lot just a little north and across the street from the event location on Beaver Street. There will be signage on the day of the event to direct you.
GUIDELINES, RULES, & REGULATIONS Click to get the official scoop on building your team and your bed.
REGISTER TO RACE
DONATING TO THE CAUSE DONATE in support of Bell’s Big Bed Race fundraising efforts to help magnify impact!
Important Contact Information:
TrueNorth Wellness Services…………………..…………………………………………………………………….717.632.4900
Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)……………………………………………………………………………..717.792.2976
Bell Socialization Services…………………………………………………………………………………………….717.848.5767
Catholic Charities Counseling………………………………………………………………………………………...717.845.2696
Crisis Intervention……………………………………………………………………………….717.851.5320…..1.800.673.2496
Crisis (mobile)………………………………………………………………………………………………………..1.866.325.0339
Dept. of Public Welfare………………………………………………………………………………………………..717.771.1100
Disability Rights Network……………………………………………………………………………………………1.800.692.7443
HopeLine, 24/7 Help Line…………………………………………………………………………………….…..1-855.467.3611
Mental Health America (MHA)………………………………………………………………………………………..717.843.6973
MH-IDD (York/Adams)………………………………………………………………………………………………...717.771.9618
NAMI York County……………………………………………………………………………………………………..717.848.3784
NAMI National………………………………….1.800.950.NAMI (6264)…….e-mail: [email protected]………….www.nami.org
PA 2-1-1 (formerly FIRST) Resource Directory ………………………………………………………………………………2-1-1
SAM (Service Access & Management)……………………………………………………………………………...717.848.8744
Social Security Admin……………………………………………………………………………*New #.........…..1-888.329.5732
Suicide Hotline …………………………………………………………………………………………1-800-SUICIDE (784.2433)
Susquehanna Valley Community Mental Health Services………………………………………………………..717-739-6576
WellSpan– Edgar Square…………………………………………...………………...………………………….….717-.851.1500
WellSpan- Meadowlands…………………………………………………………………….………………………..717.851.6340
Pa.networkofcare.org
Strengthofus.org (social networking site for young adults)
http://www.bphope.com
http://www.hopetocope.com
www.pahousingsearch.com
www.trueacceptance.com, a free relationship community for adults with mental illness
Iwilllisten.org #IWILLLISTEN
NAMI YORK COUNTY APRIL 2017 PAGE 5
Inclement Weather Policy
If any NAMI meetings or activities are scheduled and you are unsure if they will be held because of the weather, call the office at 848-3784. A recorded a message will let you know if the meeting or activity has been cancelled. If in doubt or if you are uncomfortable driving, play it safe!
NAMI York County Support groups
The NAMI Family Support Group is a monthly support group for family members, partners and friends of
individuals living with a mental illness. It meets the first Tuesday of each month at Luther Memorial Church, 1907
Hollywood Drive, York, 17403 from 6:30-8:00 pm. Facing the church from the road, park in the lot on the left side
of the church and enter through the double glass doors.
NAMI Connection is a weekly support group for people living with a mental health condition. Two locations and
times. Every Monday at the Jewish Community Center, 2000 Hollywood Dr., York, 17403 from 6:00-7:30 pm and
every Thursday at 140 Roosevelt Ave., York, 17401 from 10:00-11:30 am. No Group at the JCC April 10th.
NAMI YORK COUNTY APRIL 2017 PAGE 6
NAMI Peer-to-Peer is a free, 10-session educational program for adults with mental illness who are looking to better understand their condition and journey toward recovery.
Taught by a trained team of people who've been there, the program includes presentations, discussion and interactive exercises. Everything is confidential, and NAMI never recommends a specific medical therapy or treatment approach.
What You’ll Gain
This in-person group experience provides the opportunity for mutual support and positive impact. You can experience compassion and reinforcement from people who relate to your experiences. Through your participation, you have the opportunity to help others grow. This is a confidential place to learn from shared experiences in an environment of sincere, uncritical acceptance. Recovery is a journey, and there is hope for all people living with mental illness.
NAMI Peer-to-Peer helps you:
Create a personalized relapse prevention plan
Learn how to interact with health care providers
Develop confidence for making decisions and reducing stress
Stay up-to-date on mental health research
Understand the impact of symptoms on your life
Access practical resources on how to maintain your journey toward recovery
What People are Saying
"NAMI Peer-to-Peer has allowed me to take the focus off my illness and learn to balance it with the rest of my life. By engaging in recovery I am able to be more relaxed and productive both at work and home."
"It made me feel I was not alone in coping with mental illness. It gave me hope that I could recover and that my life would not always be filled with chaos, and it gave me positive role models to inspire me to strive for recuperation and success in life.
NAMI York County is looking for individuals who would like to attend a summer 2017 Peer-to-Peer Course. The location and time is still to be determined. For more information or to reserve a seat call 717-848-3784 or email Danielle at [email protected].
- See more at: https://www.nami.org/Find-Support/NAMI-Programs/NAMI-Peer-to-Peer#sthash.JhnpKRll.dpuf
31st Annual Mood Disorder Research/Education Symposium
April 18th, 2017 11:30am to 5:10pm
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Turner Concourse
Each year our Symposium strives to improve knowledge and treatment of mood disorders. Patients and
families are integral to our annual symposium and play a critical role in the management of psychiatric
illnesses. Consistent with our tradition, recognizing the collaborative relationships between care providers,
patients and their families, Dr. Karen Swartz and Dr. J. Raymond DePaulo will interview Hope Jahren, author
of Lab Girl, and Dr. and Mrs. Robert Gallo. Other featured speakers will address treatment interventions using
current technology and transcendental meditation, given trends in mindfulness based treatments. Dr. Kay
Jamison will be speaking as well. We hope you will join us and extend our invitation to those within your
organization.
TO REGISTER: 2017 31 Mood Symposium $35 for patients & family members
NAMI YORK COUNTY APRIL 2017 PAGE 7
FOLLOW US ON FACEBOOK! National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) York County
800 East Park Drive, Harrisburg, PA
Individual – $185
Professional – $225
Friday, May 12
Conference Sessions 8 am - 4 pm
Welcoming Dinner 5 - 7:30 pm
Saturday, May 13
Conference Sessions 8 am - 12 pm
For all inquiries, please contact: Sara Levine, Events Coordinator
412-366-3788 or [email protected]
www.namiswpa.org/namicon2017
Registrations are OPEN for the BIG GIVE Family Fun Day & Vendor Fair, scheduled for Saturday, April 29, 2017 from 10:00am-2:00pm at Cousler Park, Pavilion D (1060 Church Road, York, PA 17404.)
This Inaugural event is a new way that Autism York is reaching out to our Community to raise funds to support their programming efforts!
There are many exciting ways to participate! Create and support a BIG GIVE Team! Top Fundraising prizes will be awarded to the Top 3 Family Fundraising Teams and the Top 3 Corporate Fundraising Teams! What are you waiting for? CREATE or SUPPORT a team today!
For the first time, the BIG GIVE Vendor Fair is welcoming autism specific providers AND non-autism specific vendors! So come and browse the many exhibitors and vendors, who will each be featuring a FREE family-friendly activity or giveaway!
Come and decorate a poster, bike, stroller, wheelchair, tricycle, wagon or scooter to showcase in the All-Inclusive Autism Awareness Celebration Parade! (There is a $5 decorating fee; participation in the parade is free.)
Enter to win the 50/50 Raffle, and be sure to visit one of the food trucks that have been lined up!
Register today to be a Vendor or a Sponsor!
If you have any questions, please contact the BIG GIVE Executive Committee at [email protected] or call us a 717-801-1272.
For more information on this exciting NEW event, please visit the BIG GIVE Family Fun Day & Vendor Fair Homepage.
Come out and visit the NAMI York County vendor table!
MH-IDD Advisory Board Meeting
Friday, April 21, 2017 12:00-2:00 p.m.
Wyndham Garden Hotel, 2000 Loucks Rd., York, 17404
Open to the public, RSVP to 771-9618 by 4/19 if you plan to eat.
NAMI YORK COUNTY APRIL 2017 PAGE 8
Freedom From Smoking
WellSpan HealthTalks The “Freedom From Smoking®” program, developed by the American Lung
Association, is an eight-session clinic designed to help people quit smoking, fight the addiction and
develop a tobacco-free lifestyle.
Spring 2017 Thursdays, April 27 and May 18 & 25 Tuesdays, May 2, 9, 16, 30 & June 6
Location: WellSpan Surgery & Rehabilitation Hospital 55 Monument Rd., Community Room
Time: 5:30 – 7 p.m.
Registration is requested. For more information please contact HealthSource: 1-800-840-5905,
(717) 851-5857 or WellSpan.org
Hanover Hospital Smoking Cessation Program: Mondays, May 1-June 12 5:30 pm-7:00 pm
Hillside Medical Center, 250 Fame Ave., STE 200, Hanover
To register: www.hanoverhospital.org & click on “community health” or call 717-316-7894.
Memorial Hospital Tobacco Cessation Program: Mondays April 3-May 8
1420 sixth Ave., suite 3, York
Registration is required. For more information or to register call 717-849-5463.
The following is an excerpt from someone who recently attended NAMI York County's In Our Own Voice Presentation:
"...Hearing about the worst days they've dealt with allows you to see how much progress has been made, and what kind of goals these people are working towards to distance themselves even further from those dark times. These events have allowed me to interact directly with mental illness, and they've honestly opened my eyes in a completely new way. I'm glad I finally broke the stigma I had about people with mental disorders living drastically different lives than myself. It's blatantly clear that these people are immensely strong for overpowering their condition and still being able to lead successful lives, achieve their goals, and give back to the community. Hearing firsthand about being apprehended in their homes by the police and involuntarily committed struck a chord with me, because reading about that in the book and seeing videos made this seem almost like a made-up thing to me. Hearing an actual person chronicle their experience opened my eyes to some of the problems plaguing the mental health system...Finally, watching this presentation made me realize the importance of events like this. So many people are unaware of what mental illness is about, and presentations like In Our Own Voice paint a vividly clear picture, and teaches you that real life, everyday people are the ones dealing with a problem, not some kind of outcast who is living an entirely different life from our own."
If any organization or group would like to schedule a free In Our Own Voice Presentation, or would like more information, please call 717-848-3784 or email [email protected] .
Educate, Advocate, Fight the Stigma! What we do DOES make a difference!
Mental Wellness Program - Feed Your Soul -
Wednesdays, 7-8:30 PM (April 19-May 31) Preview Night: F R E E April 12th from 7-8:30 PM
2000 Hollywood Dr. | York, PA 17403 | (717) 843-0918 | yorkjcc.org
M $20 § NM $25 - All instruction and supplies are provided. Registration begins April 7
Are you looking for new ways to keep your mind healthy? Trying something new is a great way to start!
Join us for a unique program that will showcase 7 different opportunities to engage your mind, body and
soul. Plus, get to know a great group of people along the way! You might discover a new hobby or
community that can enrich your life for years to come.
Speak with presenters & take advantage of the various mental wellness resources available in
York county. (See the calendar on page 9) Questions? Contact Heidi Storey at [email protected]
National Alliance on Mental Illness York County
140 Roosevelt Avenue, Suite 105, York, PA 17401
Office Hours: Monday-Friday, 8:00 am-4:00 pm
Susan Hein, Executive Director Danielle Dennis, Program Specialist
Our office is located in the Industrial Plaza of York, on the corner of Philadelphia and
Roosevelt Avenue, across from the Roosevelt Tavern. Parking is available in the lot facing
Philadelphia Street. Enter through the front door (facing Roosevelt) of the building.
We are a 2 employee office-Please call ahead to make sure there is someone in the office.
NAMI YORK COUNTY APRIL 2017 PAGE 9
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
APRIL
2017
Questions?
Call
848-3784
1
2 3 Connection
Support Group at the JCC
6-7:30
4 Family Support Group at Luther Memorial 6:30-8:00 pm
Nicotine Support Group 6:30-7:30 pm 1420 6th Ave.
5
F2F #4
6 Connection Support Group at the Office
10-11:30
7 8
9 10 No
Connection Support
Group at the JCC
11 12
Cooking Class
TrueNoth pg. 3
F2F #5
13
Connection Support Group
at the Office 10-11:30
Cooking Class NHS & Bell
pg. 3
14 15
16
17
Connection Support Group
at the JCC 6-7:30
18
Nicotine Support Group 6:30-7:30 pm 1420 6th Ave. Suite #3
19 In Our Own
Voice (IOOV) Presentation
Pleasant View Church Red
Lion 7-8:30 pm
F2F #6
20 Connection
Support Group at the Office
10-11:30
NAMI York BOD Meeting
12:00
21
MH/IDD Advisory Board Meeting 12-2 Pg. 7
22
23
30
24 Connection
Support Group at the JCC
6-7:30
25
26
F2F #7
27 Connection
Support Group at the Office
10-11:30
28 29
Autism Fair pg. 7
Connection or Family Support Group Information, F2F, IOOV, and Cooking Classes
Call 848-3784 or email [email protected] or [email protected]
Nicotine Support Group - Call 717-849-5463
Mental Wellness Programs at the JCC - April 19th, Volunteering & Crocheting - 26th, Intro to Watercolor - May 3rd, Tai Chi
NAMI YORK COUNTY APRIL 2017 PAGE 10
Going Green Saves Paper and Postage! Do your part for the budget ( and the environment) by
receiving your copy of the newsletter electronically. Your copy will be in color, and gets to your mailbox quicker!
Just send your e-mail address to: [email protected] .
Joining NAMI Helps EVERYONE!
Thank you to the following who joined or renewed their memberships last month:
Donna Zmijewski, Amy Graf, Joyce Montalvo, and Carol Snell
Please check here _____ if you do not want your name listed in the newsletter.
Dues are for one year and are Tax Deductible. Donations are welcome and are also Tax Deductible.
(Please print clearly)
NAME___________________________________________________Date___________________________
STREET ___________________________________________________________________________
CITY_______________________________________STATE_____ZIP______________________________
PHONE (H)__________________________________(C)_________________________________________
E-MAIL ________________________________________________________________________________
The Individual and Open Door Membership prices are per person.
____Individual Dues $35.00
____Open Door $3.00
____Donation $______
Double or triple the impact of your donation at no additional cost! Please check with your employer’s Human
Resources Department to see if your donation can be matched through a company matching gift program.
NAMI York County is open to all individuals subscribing to its purpose. All members receive NAMI newsletters and are
automatically affiliated with the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI). NAMI York County is a non-profit organization
under Section 501(c)3 and all dues and donations are tax-deductible. Official registration and financial information of NAMI
York County may be obtained from the PA Department of State by calling toll free within PA 1.800.732.0999. Registration
does not imply endorsement.
NAMI York County
Make check payable and return to: 140 Roosevelt Ave., Suite 105
York, PA 17401
All NAMI education courses and support groups are FREE and open to the public. Although membership to
NAMI is always welcome, you do not need to be a NAMI member in order to participate.
NAMI Membership Changes
2017 Membership Changes FAQs Available
A list of FAQs about the upcoming Household membership as well as the increased dues rates is available at www.nami.org/standards. You will need to log in with your NAMI.org account in order to access them.
As a reminder, the NAMI Board of Directors has decided to add a Household membership category to our membership structure as well as increase the dues for Regular and Open Door memberships. All of these
changes will become effective as of July 1, 2017.
Household Membership $60
Regular Membership $40
Open Door Membership $5
A Household Membership will apply to everyone living in a single household whose names are provided to NAMI. Regular and Open Door memberships will continue to apply only to one individual. For voting purposes, each membership (including Household) will be counted as one (1) membership.