your medication and health

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Issue Fall 2011

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THE LOREM IPSUMS SUMMER 2016

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Table of contents

- How do medicine work in our body (4-5) - Replace you drugs by home remedies (6-8) - Weight loss pills without side effects (9) - Diet pills (10) - What happens to expired medications (11-12) - Word search game (13) - Medication error and real case (14-15) - 10 worst prescription drug side effects (16) - Facts (17) - Prescribed depression medications in the US and their side effects. (18) - Side effects of depression medication (19) - Drug misuse (20)

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How does Medicine work in our body?

Medicines work in a variety of ways depending on what they are taken for and in what form. In addition to what we take, there is also the route and form by which a medication is taken.

How medicines are processed by the body is intricate but we can simplify this by breaking the steps down into four main areas: • Administration - we take the

medicine as mentioned earlier

• Delivery - once the medicines are inside our body they move into the blood stream then into organs and tissues.

• Performance - medicines will produce or induce effects.

• Elimination - the body will wash out medicines and waste products associated with them.

The Most Common Route

But by far the most common route is taking medication by mouth - the oral route. From here the medication has a journey to make that starts from our mouths to the target area.

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The Digestive System Once medicines reach the stomach, they may start to dissolve. However, some pills that are in capsule form will remain intact until they reach the small intestine. This is because if the capsule were to disintegrate in the stomach the contents would be destroyed by the hydrochloric acid. Therefore, some medications are sealed in special capsules to survive the stomach. They are then absorbed through the lining of the small intestine. Medications are then carried into the blood stream - moving from a high concentration fluid in the intestine to a lower concentration fluid - the blood.

The Circulatory System No matter what form a medicine takes they will be dissolved and enter the blood stream at some point. In this form, the medicines are circulated around the body and so delivered to organs and tissues. This process is very fast. The heart can pump a full cycle of blood in about one minute. During this process, the medicine molecules are being delivered throughout the body. The brain will receive the largest portion ‐ about 16%. We will talk about the brain in more depth a little later. The effects of the medicine will continue to be active until metabolism begins. The metabolism for each medicine is different. In other words, some are broken down and prepared for elimination more quickly than others. That is why some medicines will be given frequently, for example 2‐4 hourly, others less so. In fact, some medicines may already be breaking down when they passed through the liver for the first time ‐ this is called 'first‐pass effect’. Some form of tablets and capsules may have to go through the liver several times before they can be eliminated from the body.

Within the body tissues and cells Within the body tissues, we eventually get down to the cellular level. The cells of the body can absorb fluids and so will soak up the molecules of medicine within blood fluid that surrounds them. Not all medicines will start to work at the same time. This is because different medicines all have their own specific molecules that will dissolve either quite quickly or more slowly than others. In addition, some medicines find it easier to dissolve in human tissue than others. Human cell membranes have a high content of fats. Therefore, if you have a medicine that can dissolve in fat then they will begin to work more quickly than those that can't. This ability to dissolve in fat is a very important point on how fast a drug will begin to act in the body. Once the dissolved medications are within the cell this is where most of them do their work through biochemical reactions. They then re‐enter the blood stream where they will once again enter the liver. Here they will be broken down further and prepared to be eliminated by the body. http://seeker7.hubpages.com/hub/How-Do-Medicines-Work-In-The-Body

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Replace your drugs by those healthy home remedies

Replace your Allergy drugs by -Drink fruits and vegetables juices (help release toxins built up from within the body) -Castrol oil (holds especially true to the relief of allergies) -Nutritional supplements and vitamins (minimize allergy symptoms)

Replace your Acne drugs by -Making natural yogurt and oatmeal masks for your face (provide some long lasting relief from acne breakouts) -Make honey and Cinnamon masks (help sink in and alleviate breakouts) -Drink fresh juices that are citrus based (provide some relief from acne breakouts)

Replace your Asthma drugs by ‐Drinking boiled garlic with milk (opens up the air passages and minimize the effects and the likelihood of an attack or flare up) ‐Eat honey (cure for asthma symptoms) ‐Drink radish, honey, and lemon juice (eliminate flare up) ‐Rubbing mustard oil and camphor over the front

and the back of the chest (aid in breathing)

Replace your blood pressure drugs by -Eat garlic (slow increased pulse rate, and modify heart rhythms) -Eat citrus fruits (lower blood pressure) -Reduce the intake of sugar -Eat watermelon (lower blood pressure)

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Replace your blood sugar drugs by

-Eat food rich in vitamins C, E and B (keep the levels of blood sugar in check) -Eat apples (help your body to get rid of fluctuating and problematic blood sugar levels) -Eat nuts and seeds (keep the blood sugar levels normal for a longer period of time)

Replace your cancer prevention drugs by

-Dietary modification (protect the cells from the damage) -Regular physical activity (reduce the risk of breast cancer) -Alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking cessation Stress management (keeps a healthy and efficient immune system)

Replace your coughing drugs by -Eat grapes or raisins (allow you to get rid of any fluid and ultimately get rid of the cough) -Eat honey with juice from raw onions -Drink aniseed tea (break up the cough and the fluid)

Replace your depression drugs by -Eating fish which is rich in fish oil and omega 3 (treat depression symptoms) -Eat an apple with a cup of milk and honey (lifts the spirit) -Drink licorice tea (treats depression and calms down)

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Replace your flu and fever drugs by

-Drinking ginger and Lagundi and origano tea (relieve the colds, fever, and sore throat) -Eat bitter melon (decreases fever)

Replace your headache drugs by -Rest (temporarily relief) -Neck and head massage

Replace your insomnia drugs by -Drink poppy seed milk (get rid of insomnia) -Eat nutmeg -Exercise (release lactic acid from the body -Drink warm milk and eat banana (fight sleep disorder)

Replace your migraine drugs by

-Take vitamin B2 and magnesium supplement (prevent migraine) -Rubbing peppermint oil over the head (relief pain)

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Weight loss pills without side effects !!!

According to extensive research, some weight loss pills that have absolutely no side effects. Those diet pills are made of 100% natural ingredients with absolutely no chemical ingredients in them!

UniqueHoodia - appetite suppressant Main ingredient of UniqueHoodia is Hoodia Gordonii plant that contains P57 molecule that is responsible for excellent appetite suppressing. When it enters your body, P57 will send signals to your brain that you are full; therefore you won't feel a need to eat much food at all.

Proactol - fat binder Proactol fat binder is clinically proven fiber complex that is made from dehydrated leaves of cactus Opuntia Ficus Indica. Proactol works by binding with fats in your stomach and preventing your body from digesting that fat; therefore the fats will pass naturally through your body and will be eliminated.

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Diet Pills There are many products in the markets and in the pharmacies that are for weight loss. They are sometimes called weight loss pills, fat burning pills, increasing metabolism pills, suppressing appetite pills and many other names that lead at the end to losing weight. People usually return to those pills when they feel they don't have the ability to decrease their weight. When people lose hope in losing weight because they can't stop eating the fatty foods or because they don't want to exercise; they return to the weight loss pills as their only solution to help them lose the excessive weight without making effort.

Why not take diet pills? A lot of the weight-loss pills that are available at local drugstores, supermarkets or health food stores. Even more options are available online. But most of those dugs haven't been proved effective, and some may be downright dangerous. Some of the dangerous side effects of those drugs are Diarrhea, bloating, fecal incontinence, anal leakage, fatigue, Severe skin reactions, dizziness, insomnia, nausea, seizures, hyperthermia, strokes, increased heart rate, high blood pressure, headaches, dry mouth, abdominal pain, palpitations,hypertension, depression, impotence, seizures, menstrual cycle disorders, tachycardia, kidney disorders, hair loss, nail weakness, bleeding nose, and the list goes on ….

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What Happens to Medicine and to the Patient when the medicine is expired?

Some patients usually use expired prescribed medications instead of buying new ones, and they think that their effect will stay the same even after a year or more. Moreover, the reason why people use the medications expired at home is the rising cost of medicines, lacking care, insecurity, and unawareness of what they’re doing.

Expired antibiotics does not only lose their chemical integrity, but also create antibiotic resistance. There’s a coating that makes the medication gets released at the right point in the digestive tract. The antibiotic may be

released into your bloodstream if that coating is compromised, and cause

complications such as diarrhea, a yeast infecion, or irritate stomach lining.

Dangers of expired antibiotics

Expired liquid medications

When the medicine is expired, the liquids’ preservatives can no longer work properly, and the chemical composition of the drug breaks down, which is very dangerous. Many liquid medications have a short shelf life.

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People having conditions like hypertension, liver disease, and other cardiovascular issues should be cautious not to take expired medications. Usually when the experiation date is passed, the medications are no longer effective; meaning that the symptoms could fluctuate uncontrollably and require serious medical attention. Immunosuppressants, a medicine that keep the body from attacking itself, should never be taken past the expiration date.

Expired medications for serious conditions

Cardiovascular issue

Liver diseases

Expired multivitamins and fiber tablets

The dessicant, which the medications are packaged by, prevents any moisture to act on the medicines because moisture causes them to lose their potentcy. If one keeps these kind of medicines after their expiration dates may cause them to take on moisture, and this can become good breeding area for bacteria.

1. Be sure to read the drug information that comes with the medicine.

2. Store everything properly. 3. Do not flush expired medications down the

toilet as they can contaminate the water system.

These tips will protect you from the ill-effects of expired medications.

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M A Q Z X B S R A I E M Q N E H I A Q F Z A D D L T A K P N C B S K N G P N Y V X M G T M E H E U J M V I C K S T V T S G O Y P Q N T Q Q K A B A X I J V I Z I Z M F A F W X V B V A W N F O I W I R P H N R L E S G X N B P O F M K W D V X T A H Z G N C D B U W O M H O F N F O K N F J E G X J O J A L Q F X A E W I H Q Z X H Y G O A A G R I L Y R L G L P F N N O D L D J S I D N F G P Z J V C T H Y R S M I G T L H D U U S E I D J S T E F X P T L V I K T A C D A U N A R E J H Y L N A T M R M B A H C M K K D N E T H C E Z K R A G N I P U U B Q G E R Z A P L P A Z O P A N I B A C A E U D M O R M O T E O Y H J A J B U E Y R Q R U V V V C X N M M A R T Y C S V C A T N A Z C D K T P Q B B J C G J C E J L F P S C U X Y L B A H U D M M Y U O Q A Z T U P E Q U I M O Z A D A X T E G R R A G F I K F N F N Z Q B H D A R T U B C Q L S E L T X X Q M C S L P M I K Z W A G D I S O X A T E C L E B A A B W A Q H Z L G D H U E J T C V R Y H A K N C Z X F N Z B M H Q S E N I T I R A L C Y T Y O A T O B F E P C N B E C X F A Q G M O T I L I U M X G M L C A R N I T I N E O O K Q Z Y T X I X W A Y V G Z E A G H G P J U L D N B S G X L R B H X P A A T K I T T F S D E C J F I Y G D U Z E Q S Y E A E J V O N C L N L E N Y V N M K F U O B Q K R Y Y Q W W S D T G P Z A E Q S I I G T J U J K Z Z Y O U Z S L T P U X P I U E U A X A Y Q R C T X I T S A F A T A C S O N Y K W D U C Y F J T K J I E U I I S M W P F V V X S G D U C F J Z P X A C H Z V S R M U P C S T N E H Z E L D I A U A L H I X E Q C U G K R I T S O K A V X C B B O T N Z N V G O X F R S N U I O X A I S H J R T R O F O A C K Q T A J D A Z G M E J T W L K B W B S M X O G M O Q H A H A S P I R I N L T J W X A T O M Z M L X N P Z W D R G D H M H D I J S T G S P R H O S F F X J A B C X M X I H E F B B G E D N G F B V H L S G C A V B S Q C G L O

Find The Medication Name

ABELCET - ACCOLATE - ACCUTANE - ACTICIN - ACTONEL - ADAPALENE AMINOACID – ANTINALE – ASPIRIN – ASPOCID – AZOPT - BANZEL BAYER - BENZONATE - BUSULFEX - CATAFAST - CATAFLAME -CLARITINE CONGESTALE - DIFFERIN - DIMRA - EXCEDRIN - FOLICACID - LCARNITINE MOTILIUM - PANADOL - PAZOPANIB - PENTASA – PLAVIX - POTASSIUMCHLORIDE RHINOPRO - STUGERON - VICKS - VOLTAREN - XANAX - ZANTAC

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Medication errors alone, occurring either in or out of the hospital, are estimated to account for 7,000 deaths annually. More people die in a given year because of medical errors than from motor vehicle accidents, breast cancer, or AIDS.

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Real case of medication error

An example of a medication error case that we were involved in is the case of a young girl who was stricken with Guillain-Barre syndrome (a condition that can cause temporary weakness or paralysis). The girl was undergoing a simple operative procedure during which she suddenly died. The girl’s husband went to a lawyer because he wanted to know why his wife died. Doctors and experienced malpractice lawyers know that when someone has Guillain-Barre syndrome, there is an anesthesia drug called Succinylcholine that should never be given because it causes a deadly reaction. This girl was given this drug and it caused her death. The hospital and the doctors, however, told the man they did not know why she died – they lied. If you want to read more about this medication error click on this link: http://floridahealthcarelaw.com/types-of-medical-malpractice/medication-errors/

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10 Worst Prescription Drug Side Effects

1. Amnesia – Mirapex (control the symptoms of Parkinson's disease).

2. Enlarged breasts (in men) – PROPECIA (mild to moderate male pattern hair loss on the top of head and middle front of head in men only).

3. Death – Celebrex (patients with arthritis). 4. Decrease in balls’ size - (Testosterone

replacement therapy). 5. Cancer, Stroke, Heart attacks – EvaMist

(treatment for menopause symptoms. 6. Suicide – CHANTIX (to quit smoking). 7. Hallucinations – illegal drug LSD or a heavy

painkiller like morphine. 8. Lose of sense of taste and other senses – Vasotec

(treatment for high blood pressure and congestive heart failure).

9. Coughing up blood or vomit – PLAVIX (to help protect against future heart attack or stroke).

10. Pregnancy – Avandia (to control blood sugar).

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• Depression medication could cause a sudden increase in energy, enthusiasm, and decreased need for sleep, also, increased irritability or explosive temper.

• Depression medication causes suicidal. • Some drugs could cause further diseases other than

their side effects. • If you take pills without eating, it can lead to

stomach problems like stomach ulcer. • Depression, bipolar disorder, ADHD, obsessive

compulsive disorder (OCD), eating disorders, even serious disorders such as schizophrenia, can be helped through attention to lifestyle changes and developing an array of self help coping skills.

• Illicit drugs, like cocaine and marijuana, affect the central nervous system.

• Painkillers can damage your liver and stomach. Taking too many can have a bad effect on your heart also. Some over time can mess up the brain chemistry.

Your mental state affects how the medicine works.

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Some of the most commonly prescribed depression medications in the United States:

• Effexor (Venlafaxine): Is a depression medication to treat anxiety and social phobia.

Major side effects include: Insomnia, nervousness, nausea. These generally decrease over time. Effexor also cause sexual side effects.

• Remeron (mirtazapine): is a depression medication for anxiety, insomnia and severe depression.

Major Side effects include: This drugs causes no gastrointestinal problems, sexual dysfunction, or insomnia over the long term. Increases appetite and weight gain are common.

• Wellbutrin (Bupropion): Is a depression medication is useful for depresses patients who feel fatigued and lethargic. Also, it is used to help people stop smoking.

Major side effects include: No weight gain. It can produce nervousness and insomnia. It can increase the risk of seizures at higher doses. It should not be used by patients with eating disorders.

• Cymbalta (Duloxetine): Is the newest depression medication. It is supposed to be effective in treating both the emotional and the physical symptoms such as back ache and muscle tenderness that often accompany depression.

Major side effects include: Nausea, dry mouth, constipation, decreased appetite, fatigue, sleepiness, and increased sweating. Sometimes it may cause an increase in blood pressure.

Actually, there are other drugs which are prescribed in the US, and they are frequently used to treat a number of problems in addition to depression, including anxiety, and panic attacks.

• Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil, Celexa, and Lexapro:

Common Side effects: Nausea, sleepiness, trouble falling asleep, Headache. These all tend to fade away after a week or two. A decrease in sex interest and difficulty in getting an erection, there are potential remedies for these sexual side effects.

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General Side effects of depression medication:

• Dry mouth • Sleep Disruption • Weight gain • Headache • Nausea • Abdominal pain • Inability to achieve an erection • Inability to achieve an orgasm (men and women) • Loss of libido • Agitation • Anxiety

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Be careful of misusing specific drugs Misusing certain kinds of drugs can lead to addiction. Even prescription drugs at prescribed doses can be addictive, can have dangerous side effects and can cause drug interactions. People who misuse drugs often have a range of social problems that may lead them to misuse drugs or may be a consequence of their addiction. Drugs misuse can affects people's relationship and have impacts on their family, friends, and the wider community.

These specific drugs include:

Prescription Narcotics:

• Narcotics are used to control chronic and severe pain.

• They depress the central nervous system and have mood altering effects.

• They are highly addictive drugs. • All pain relieving Narcotics, including

percodan, vicodin, and Percocet are very addictive.

Cough Preparations: • Many cough preparations, especially,

cough suppressants contains codeine, which are addictive.

Tranquilizers: • Tranquilizers are used to treat anxiety

or problems with sleep. • Tranquilizers are frequently abused

because of their ability to reduce anxiety.

Sedatives: • Sedatives depress the nervous system. • They have a calming effect and help

induce sleep.

Soma: • Soma is a prescription muscle relaxant

for reducing certain types of pain and muscle tension.

• It produces sedating effects through the central nervous system and is chemically similar to the sedative Milltown.

• Soma can transfer from a pregnant woman to an unborn fetus, and it also appears in the breast milk of mothers who use it.

Oxycontin: • OxyContin is the trade name of the

opiate, oxycodone, which is converted into morphine in the body.

• The morphine activates opioid receptors that are found in many areas of the brain.

• Two of the major effects of opiates,

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