zero eze
DESCRIPTION
TU DelftTRANSCRIPT
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1 Challenge the future
Zero EZE The sustainable future of general aviation
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2 Challenge the future
Thrust
Producer
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3 Challenge the future
Type Energy /
Weight
(Wh/kg)
Energy
Density
(MJ/kg)
Energy/
Size
(Wh/L)
Power/
weight
(W/kg)
Recharge
Efficiency
(%)
Ni Cd 60 0.2 150 150 80
Lead Acid 40 0.14 75 180 40
Ni Metal Hyd 80 0.28 300 1000 80
Lithium-ion 160 0.58 360 350 90
Lithium-Sulphur 600 2 350 − 80
Kerosene 12000 43 9000 No Limit −
Hydrogen 33000 120 2500 No Limit −
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4 Challenge the future
Zero EZE Assignment
Hybrid propelled
Based on the Long EZ
Due in 2020
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5 Challenge the future
Zero EZE Design trade-off
Batteries
+
Piston engine
Fuel cell
+
Piston engine
Typical hybrid
system
Lower
emissions
Lower
emissions
Better than
batteries
Fuel cell
+
Piston engine
Zero
emissions
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6 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
2 H2 + O2 2 H2O
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
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7 Challenge the future
Zero EZE PEM Fuel Cell Safety
Electrolyte: a polymer electrolyte in the form of a thin, permeable sheet. Efficiency: is about 40 to 50% Operating temperature: about 80 degrees C (about 175 degrees F). Cell outputs: range from 50 to 250 kW. The solid, flexible electrolyte will not leak or crack, and these cells operate at a low enough temperature to make them suitable for homes and cars. But their fuels must be purified, and a platinum catalyst is used on both sides of the membrane, raising costs
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8 Challenge the future
Zero EZE Design trade-off
Why has this not been used before?
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9 Challenge the future
Zero EZE PEM Fuel Cell Cost
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10 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
Internal Layout Propulsion
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11 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
Hydrogen Storage Tanks
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12 Challenge the future
Zero EZE Internal Layout
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13 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
• Fuel Cell System
• Cockpit
• Landing Gear
• Ballistic Chute
• Luggage
Internal Layout
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14 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
External Layout Aerodynamics
Structures
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15 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
How to make it fly?
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16 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
Fuselage
• Low-drag body
Main Wing
• Natural Laminar Flow airfoil
• Sweep angle
• Aspect ratio
Aerodynamics
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17 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
Canard
• Vertical position
Winglets
• Blended winglets
• Vertical tail function
Stability
• Stable Eigenmotions
Aerodynamics
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18 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
Aerodynamics
Efficiency
Noise
Far Field 61 dB
84.9 % 88.6 %
Propeller & Shroud
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19 Challenge the future
Zero EZE Structures
Wing • Sandwich structure • Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer
Fuselage • Advanced Grid Stiffened Structure
• Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer • Filament winding
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20 Challenge the future
Zero EZE Structures
Finite Element analysis in Patran/Nastran
Fuselage
Wing
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21 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
Conclusion Performance
Range
Cost
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22 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
Performance
Cruise speed 308 km/h
Maximum speed 370 km/h
Take-off distance 490 m
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23 Challenge the future
Zero EZE Range
760km Optimum range
1320km Max range
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24 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
• 100 aircraft/year
Cost Estimation and Breakdown
Cost allocation Cost
Research, Development, Test and Evaluation € 20,000
Production € 410,000
Profit € 40,000
Total Purchase Price € 470,000
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25 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
With cruise speed of 308 km/h, a range of 760 km can be
achieved, meanwhile producing zero emissions.
Conclusion
But wait, there is more!
Dublin Monaco Milan
Rotterdam
Fuel costs € 45 ,-
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26 Challenge the future
Zero EZE Historical note
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27 Challenge the future
Zero EZE Another problem
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28 Challenge the future
Zero EZE Prospering economy
Economy that is not dependent on oil How does this relate to this project?
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29 Challenge the future
Zero EZE
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30 Challenge the future
Questions?