ZIGBEE WIRELESS ZIGBEE WIRELESS VEHICULAR IDENTIFICATION VEHICULAR IDENTIFICATION

AND AUTHENTIFICATION AND AUTHENTIFICATION SYSTEMSYSTEM

JUVERIA FATIMA (07L51A0432)SAFURA SULTANA (07L51A0460)SANA FIRDOUS (07L51A0463)

Under the guidance of:

AIM:

INTRODUCTION

ZigBee Wireless Vehicular Identification and Authentication System.

ZigBee is a recently developed wireless technology used in many commercial and research applications based on the IEEE 802.15.4 specification. It has become a very attractive wireless connectivity solution due to its open standard, low cost and low power characteristics.

ZigBee is suitable for low data-rate and low power consumption applications in comparison with other wireless technologies such as Bluetooth and WIFI.

What is Embedded System? It is a system where all the components are

integrated on a single chip and a combination of both hardware and software.

Embedded Communication:It is a new era for embedded processor to achieve internet connectivity with voice and data transmission.It is about maximizing the performance of products with embedded DSP`s, microprocessors and micro controllers.

Block Diagram:DESCRIPTION:In this we have two parts, Transmitting

section and receiving system.

MICRO CONTROLLER

8051

ZIGBEE TRANCEIVER

Keypad

STEPPER MOTOR

RFID READER

CAR

Transmitter:

Features of Micro controller 8051

Some of the features that have made the 8051 popular are: 8-bit data bus 16-bit address bus 32 general purpose registers each of 8 bits 16 bit timers (usually 2, but may have more, or less). 3 internal and 2 external interrupts. Bit as well as byte addressable RAM area of 16 bytes. Four 8-bit ports, (short models have two 8-bit ports). 16-bit program counter and data pointer 8051 models may also have a number of special, model-

specific features, such as UART’S, ADC, Op Amps, etc...

MICRO CONTROLLER:MICRO CONTROLLER:It is a small computer on a single It is a small computer on a single integrated circuitintegrated circuit containing a processor core, memory, and  containing a processor core, memory, and programmable programmable input/outputinput/output peripherals.  peripherals.

Stepper MOTOR:

It is a brushless, synchronous electric motor that can divide a full rotation into a large number of steps. The motor's position can be controlled precisely without any feedback mechanism, as long as the motor is carefully sized to the application.

It are also called step motors and allow small precise movements. Stepper motors are electrical motors that move a series of small gears fixed increments each turn (step) of the motor. These are typically used in printers and scanners to move the heads. Not appropriate for heavy loads.

RFID READER: An RFID reader is a device that is used to

interrogate an RFID tag. The reader has an antenna that emits radio waves; the tag responds by sending back its data.

A passive tag is an RFID tag that does not contain a battery; the power is supplied by the reader. When radio waves from the reader are encountered by a passive RFID tag, the coiled antenna within the tag forms a magnetic field. The tag draws power from it, energizing the circuits in the tag. The tag then sends the information encoded in the tag's memory.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Receiver section:

ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER

MICRO

CONTROLLER8051

LCD

BATTERYSUPPLY

Data Base

ZigBee Transceiver:ZigBee offers unique advantages for wireless

applications, including low-cost radios, mesh networking, a basis in standards, and low power consumption.

ZigBee is designed as a low-cost, low-power, low-data rate wireless mesh technology. The ZigBee specification identifies three kinds of devices that incorporate ZigBee radios, with all three found in a typical ZigBee network.•A Coordinator, which organizes the network and maintains routing tables •Routers, which can talk to the coordinator, to other routers, and to reduced function end devices •Reduced function end devices, which can talk to routers and the coordinator, but not to each other.

Block diagram of power supply

It is a device that supplies electrical energy to one or more electric loads. The term is most commonly applied to devices that convert one form of electrical energy to another, though it may also refer to devices that convert another form of energy (e.g., mechanical, chemical, solar) to electrical energy.

Battery SUPPLY:

Liquid crystal display (LCD):

It is a thin, flat electronic visual display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals (LC’S). LC’S do not emit light directly.

LCD’s have displaced cathode ray tube (CRT) displays in most applications. They are usually more compact, lightweight, portable, less expensive, more reliable, and easier on the eyes

They are used in a wide range of applications, including computer monitors, television, instrument panels, aircraft cockpit displays, signage, etc.

Hardware Requirements:

Micro Controller(AT89S52) Power Supply ZigBee Module RFID Reader LCD EEPROM

EEPROM:

It stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory and is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices to store small amounts of data that must be saved when power is removed.

E.G:- calibration tables or device configuration.

EEPROM is user-modifiable read-only memory (ROM) that can be erased and reprogrammed repeatedly through the application of higher than normal electrical voltage generated externally or internally in the case of modern EEPROM’S.

Software Requirements:

Embedded ‘Keil C’ Language

Micro Flash\Flash Magic

Embedded ‘Keil C ‘Language Keil C compiler provides number of

extensions for standard C function declarations. These extensions allows you to:

Specify a function as an interrupt procedure

Choose the register bank used

Select memory model

Applications:Applications: home and building automation.home and building automation. industrial control. industrial control. building management systems. building management systems. environmental monitoring .environmental monitoring . vehicle fleet management vehicle fleet management

systems.systems.

Advantages:Advantages:

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:

Conclusion:Conclusion:

Reference:  http://www.seminarprojects.com/Thread-zigbee-wireless-http://www.seminarprojects.com/Thread-zigbee-wireless-vehicular-identification-and-authentication-system--15568?vehicular-identification-and-authentication-system--15568?pid=29578#ixzz1BUeHGuKrpid=29578#ixzz1BUeHGuKr