zimbabwe’s coal-bed methane potential - foundation · introduction (cont) • results from the...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL
By O.J. Maponga 11/04/2014
![Page 2: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
INTRODUCTION• Until the late 1980s,
Southern Africa was one ofthe most overlooked areasfor gas deposits.
• Geological investigationscarried out over the Karoobasins during the first postindependence decaderevealed untapped coal-bed gas resources in theseareas.
• The revelation triggered aCBM hive of activity oneither side of the country’sgeographic water-shed,but with more emphasison Mid ZambeziBasin(Fig.1).
Fig.1
![Page 3: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
INTRODUCTION (cont)
• Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for coal-bed methane gas production in Zimbabwe.
![Page 4: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
MAIN PLAYERS
• Among the initial pack were:ØShangani Energy Exploration (SEE)ØDiscovery Invesments(DI) ØHwange Colliery Company Limited(HCCL)ØApfenØTrotterØZambezi Gas(ZG)
![Page 5: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
CO-ORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES
• Government formed Lupane Gas Development Company (Pvt) Limited as vehicle to handle all matters relating to CBM development in Zimbabwe.
• The Lupgas project was defined in terms of three platforms:ØPolicy and regulatory frame work in relation to gas
extraction ( relevant taskforce to meet regularly)ØResearch support mechanism (Geo. Surv., IMR, SIRDC)ØTechnical Committee.
![Page 6: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
MOZAMBIQUE
HWANGE LUBIMBI
LUPANEGWAYI
Fig.2
![Page 7: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
ZIMBABWE’S CBM LOCATIONS TODATE
Hwange AreaØEntuba (Hwange Colliery & Zambezi Gas)ØLuseche (Shangani Energy Exploration)ØHwange Concession (HCCL)
Lupane – GwayiØLupane (Shangani Energy Exploration)ØHalfway House (Shangani Energy Exploration)ØLubimbi (Hwange Colliery & Shangani Energy Exp)ØSengwa (Rio Tinto)
![Page 8: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Hwange
Bulawayo
Lupane
50 km SEE
Production GrantExploration Grant
GwaaiRiver
LUPANE ISG 1731 – Shnagani Energy – C-5 Well
SG 1806 LUSECHE-SG 1806 C-6 Well (835m) Shangani Energy
LUPANE IISG 1729- Seismic surveysCoal @ 1000m
LUBIMBI ISG 2060 –
(South of Kana Fault)
GWAYI SG 1312C-4 Well
ENTUBASG 2084 Zambezi
Gas
CBM
LOCATIONS
Western, HRC Areas/Sinamatilla LUBIMBI II - (North of Kana
Fault)
- Shangani Energy Test Well- Zambezi Gas Test Well
Fig.3
![Page 9: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Fig.4
HWANGE REDUCED CONCESSION (HRC)
![Page 10: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
ZIMBABWE’S CBM ATTRIBUTES
a) Depth of CBM Intersections• Hwange AreaØEntuba – 501mØLuseche -835mØHwange Reduced Concession -250m
• Lupane AreaØSpecial Grant 1729 – 1000m
• Lubimbi AreaØ Hwange 03/04 (LC91) – 453m
![Page 11: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
No Sample tromp A91 gas testNo Sample tromp B91 gas testNo Sample tromp C91 gas test
No Sample tromp D91 gas test
No Sample tromp F91 gas test
No Sample tromp G& H91 gas test
No Sample tromp H91 gas test
No Sample tromp L91 gas test
No Sample tromp K91 gas test
DEPTH(m)453.60
508.06
514.34
487.70488.22
LUBIMBI BOREHOLE-LC91
BIRA
FO
RMAT
ION
CARB MST&BANDED COAL
CARB MST
CARB MST
CARB MST
CARB MST
CARB MST
CARB MST
CARB MST & COAL
CARB MST
CARB MST-Carbonaceous Mudstone
CARB MST & COAL
LH SST
LH SST –Lower Hwange Sandstone
SYMBOLFig.5
![Page 12: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
BH007204Depth (m) SYMBOL % Ash
0 ndndndndndndndndndnd
475.21 71.080.483.470.265.455.938.956.272.461.269.670.352.871.973.872.575.974.071.665.634.052.679.0
499.62 83.724.219.831.628.624.417.3
503.21 15.416.516.915.712.718.515.013.513.911.7
9.814.1
8.9509.64 28.1
OVERBURDEN
CARBONACEOUSMUDSTONE
HWANGE POWER STATION COAL (HPS)
Gas intersections
ENTUBA-BH007204
HWANGE COKING COAL (HCC)
Fig.6
![Page 13: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Depth vs Gas Content (cont)
Fig.7
![Page 14: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ZIMBABWE CBM ATTRIBUTES (cont)
b)Permeability• Is a measure of how fast and how much CBM can
move through the coal mass and is a majordetermining factor in CBM production success.
• The Zambezi Basin has been described as a halfgraben structure (Orpen etal 1989).
• This has produced tensional forces that enhancecreation of open fractures in subsurface strata.These fractures that have been observed directlyin cores and underground workings enhance gaspermeability in targeted areas.
![Page 15: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
c) Ash Levels vs Gas Content Fig.8
![Page 16: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
d)Coal Rank vs Gas Potential
Fig.9
![Page 17: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
CBM AND SUBTERRANEAN WATER
• In all area the CBM has been intersected, there have been copious amounts of underground water associated with the gas.
• The water has attracted both domestic and wild animals as well as aquatic life (Entuba).
• Small linear green vegetation patches have developed in these areas, as a result of flows and surface seepage of the water ex-CBM drillholes.
![Page 18: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
INDICATED GAS RESOURCE TODATECBM gas resource has been estimated at Gwayi,Luseche, Lupane and Hwange. The estimatedfigures are as follows in cubic metres of the gas:ØHwange Concession (half of area) : 150 000 000ØLuseche (one third of SG 1806 ) : 175 000 000ØGwayi ( three quarters of SG 1312): 54 000 000ØLupane (one third of SG 1731) : 436 000 000
• The gas resource quantity at Lubimbi is stillclassified as “proprietary information” and couldnot be disclosed by Discovery Investment at thetime of preparation of this document.
![Page 19: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
POTENTIAL USES OF CBM IN ZIMBABWE
• Direct power generation – the countrycurrently imports huge quantities of powerfrom neighbouring states (Mozambique, SouthAfrica, DRC)
• Co-firing – combining the gas with the highash coals in thermal power generation (e.g.the “carbonaceous mudstones currentlydiscarded at Hwange Colliery could be turnedinto a thermal coal reserve)
![Page 20: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
POTENTIAL USES OF CBM IN ZIMBABWE (cont)
• CBM is a form of natural gas can be a chemicalfeedstock for production of, explosives,polythene, fertilizer and many otherpetrochemical industries. The country’s fertilizerplant at Kwe Kwe, in particular, is threatened dueto its requirement of large amount of electricpower.
• In compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquidnatural gas (LNG) which could replace importeddiesel and petrol transport and the nation’sagricultural fleet.
![Page 21: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
POTENTIAL USES OF CBM (cont)
• The large volumes of water produced togetherwith CBM could turn the otherwise aridregions of the western Zimbabwe into greenbelts and provide water for livestock.
![Page 22: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
CONCLUSION
• Zimbabwean Karoo basins have a goodpotential for CBM.
• Judging from gas estimated for a relativelysmall portion of the basin, the Zambezi Basinalone could be home to very huge deposits ofthe gas that will contribute significantly tonation’s energy needs.
• The CBM is intrinsically linked to the provenresources of quality coal at both mineable andsub-mineable depths.
• The indicated gas resources could justify
![Page 23: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
CONCLUSION (cont)• The wide array of CBM uses and savings on the
foreign printed dollar makes the CBM “a resourcelying like a flower bed in Zimbabwe’s Karoobasins, ready to blossom forth with acontribution of clean energy to brighten Africa’sfuture” (Tromp).
• CBM, being a pure natural gas that requires littleprocessing, is the cleanest form of fossil fuel.
• Large volumes of produced water could creategreen belts, providing employment and water forlivestock in dry areas of western Zimbabwe.
![Page 24: ZIMBABWE’S COAL-BED METHANE POTENTIAL - Foundation · INTRODUCTION (cont) • Results from the ongoing exploration activities continue to support the high level of potential for](https://reader031.vdocument.in/reader031/viewer/2022020919/5c878e9b09d3f2bc6b8beb76/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
THE END and
THANK YOU!