zionism babikr elnimah 201204005 saleh abdulla al ali 200601786 instructor:dr.hajredin hoxha qatar...
TRANSCRIPT
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ZIONISM
BABIKR ELNIMAH 201204005SALEH ABDULLA AL ALI 200601786
INSTRUCTOR:DR.HAJREDIN HOXHAQATAR UNIVERSITY
2012
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
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OUTLINE
• Defining Zionism • The birth of Zionism• Ideas behind an independent state of
Israel• Historical events• Conventions in 1948• Effects on Palestine
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Definition of Zionism
• A worldwide Jewish movement that resulted in the establishment and development of Israel.(dictionary.com, 2013)
• The belief that Jews should have their own nation; Jewish nationalism. Zionism gained much support among Jews and others in the early twentieth century, and the hoped-for nation was established in the late 1940s in Palestine, as the state of Israel. Zionism is opposed by most Arabs. (New Dictionary of Cultural literacy, ‘05)
• The UN defines Zionism as a sort of racism
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Historical Events
• Jewish settlements began in Palestine in the 1800’s however without a nationalist movement
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Historical Events
• Political Zionism started when Theodor Herzl started lobbying for a Jewish state in Palestine around in the early 1900’s
• Initially Zionism was centered around purchasing land, creating schools, establishing themselves without political activism
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Historical Events
• Early on the world powers were opposed to the idea of Zionism
• In Britain the Zionist made power moves through the creation of a lobby that convinced the Brits that a Zionist settlement in Palestine would he beneficial to them
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Belford Delectation
• The accumulation of Jewish momentum lead up to the Belford declaration
• The Belford declaration was designed to create a cultural haven for Jews without a political identity
• The Belford declaration was strongly opposed by Arab out of fear of a hostile Jewish takeover
• The Zionist commission was created to implement the Belford declaration and act as intermediaries between Jews in Palestine and the British
• These events took place near 1917
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Belford Delectation
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American Support
• American support started out a lack of knowledge and understanding of the full facts of the middle east
• The average American was blissfully ignorant to the situation and trapped into supporting the Jewish movement
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Conspiracy
• The Arabs the during WWI were ruled by the Ottoman empire and looked to the West for independence
• The West had strong Zionist lobbies with ulterior motives for a Jewish state in the middle east
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WWI Army Recuritment AD
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End of WWI
• The league of nations was developed and consisted of the super powers of the world
• America was in the league of nations however they took a neutral approach to the situations at hand
• With the rise of Hitler the immigration of the Jews to Palestine increased exponentially.
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Issues Raised with Jewish immigration
• Arab opposition• Conflict between the
British and Arabs• Minor conflict lead to
punishment of some Arab leaders
• White paper resolution and London conference limited new Jewish immigration to Palestine to 75,500 over a period of 5 years
• Britain promised to oversee illegal immigration
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Zionist Opposition
• The Jewish disliked the white paper• This lead them to take action against
Britain• Mid 1942 America & Britain formed a
committee that reassured the Arabs and Jews no decision would be made with out consultation of both parties, the committee failed because of the American Zionist pressure
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Rise of the Zionist
• With the looming possibility of war due to Nazi hostilities the British had no time to focus on the Palestine Israel issue
• However due to American neutrality at the time the Zionist in America had time to lobby and influence high figures
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Rise of the Zionist
• Dec 1942 the American congress with a majority vote called upon president Roosevelt to restore the Jewish home land
• Roosevelt assigned a general to the middle to report the conditions of the middle east to the white house directly
• The general reported that the Zionist insisted on increasing Jewish immigration to the middle east
• This move was opposed by the Arabs and some Palestine Jews
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Zionist organization of Palestine
• 3 mandates • 1) embrace Palestine and Transjordan
(near the dead sea)• 2) transfer of the Arab population
from Palestine to Iraq (and other Arab states)
• 3) Jewish leadership for the whole middle east in the fields of economic development and control
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Escalation of Events
• In the 1943 Americans suggested the Saudi monarch should meet with the president of the world Zionist organization the Saudi king rejected the notion
• In 1944 American congress passed the Wright-Compton resolution calling for unrestricted immigration of Jews to Palestine and for a Jewish homeland to be established
• Arabs opposed • March 1944 rabbis Wise and Silver meet with the American
president after which he declared his support for Zionist• Throughout the rest of 1944 Zionist gained mainstream
support in America
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East vs. West Support
• In the fall of 1944 king Ibn Saud commissioned the formation of the Arab league to defend Palestine by force if necessary
• In 1945 world leaders from Russia the us and Britain attended the Yalta conference the British and US were strongly pro Zionist
• Churchill called for Arabs to make a compromise with the Zionist
• The Soviets were opposed the creation of a Jewish state
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Change of American Presidents
• With death of FDR the Zionist movement found themselves well prepared to challenge his successor Truman
• Zionist leaders warned that if the promises made by allied countries were not fulfilled the Jews would fight their rights
• The US and the UK toke the warning to heart creating great dialogue over the issue
• The UK with US support admitted 100,000 Jews into Palestine breaking the White Paper Pledge
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The Creation of Israel
• After 1945 the influx of Jews into Palestine cause creation violence with lead to great concern in the international community
• This lead to the UN resolution of 1947 Nov. 29 partition of Palestine
• Which in turn lead to the proclamation of Israel in 15th of May 1948
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Media Hypocrisy
• The media has a double standard when it come to Zionist
• They define the atrocious acts of the Israeli government as acts of self defense while considering any counteraction buy those whom have their land and right exploited are “terrorist”
• This is largely due to the Zionist influence in media though ownership and shady backdoor activities
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Zionism Today
• Today Zionism is very much alive and influencing many parts of society as a whole
• The influence of Zionism stretches from the world of finance to entertainment (Hollywood) to politics and everything in between
• However there still remains a Jewish community who is opposed to the Zionist ideology
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References
Lilienthal, A. (1978). The Zionist Connection: What Price Peace?, New York, New York: Dodd, Mead & Company
Shlaim, A. (2009). Israel and Palestine: Reappraisals, Revisions, Refutations, London: Verso
Stevens, R. (1970). American Zionism and U.S. Foreign Policy 1942-1947, Beirut, Lebanon: The Institute for Palestine Studies