PrefaceTheword" تارایز "isanArabictermderivedfromtheroot" روز "whichmeans‘tovisit’.Inreligiousterminology,itimpliesourconversationwithAllah’ssincerecreaturesandHisinfallibleproofs(a.s.),whoarewithoutparallel.TheyarethosewhomAllah,theHigh,haspurifiedfromalluncleannessandhascreatedthempure,purified.

Thus,whosoeverdesirestoapproachAllah,heshoulddosothroughthegatesdeterminedbyHim.Yes,theinfallibleImams(a.s.)fromtheimmaculateAhlulBayt(a.s.)arethegatesthroughwhomAllahisapproached.TheyarethemediumtowardsHimandhence,theirrecognition,theirloveandtreadingontheirpathisobligatory.Allthesearesummarizedinonethingi.e.ziyaarat.

ItisourcreedthatthesoulsoftheholyAhlulBayt(a.s.)ascendtowardsthehighestheavensandarealive,receivingtheirsustenance(fromtheirLord).Theylookatus,hearourspeechandreplytooursalutations.AsAmeerulMomineen(a.s.)narratesfromtheHolyProphet(S),

“Thosewhodieamongus,arenot(actually)dead.”

ThebeliefofusShiasiscontrarytothatoftheWahhaabiswhothinkthattheHolyProphet(S)isdeadandgoneandisnolongereffectiveinourlives.Wearealsoagainstthe( تالغ )whoattributedivinitytoAmeerulMomineen(a.s.)!AllahisHigherthanwhattheunjustbelieve!

WesubscribetothebeliefthatHolyProphetbutthemostsuperiorofthemall.Heisfollowedbyhissuccessors,theHolyImams(a.s.).Inourtimetoday,ImamMahdi(a.t.f.s.),thePromisedOne,ishissuccessor.

Sofromamongtheetiquetteofziyaaratisthattheonewhoseziyaaratweareabouttoread,hisrecognitionisamust.ItisnotpossibleforustoacquiretherecognitionoftheHolyProphet(S)ortheinfallibleImams(a.s.)throughthefaultyorinadequatefacultiesavailabletoushumans.Justasanant,infrontofahugemountainoradropofwaterwhencomparedtoanocean,arenotworthamention,wetoowhencomparedtothesegreatpersonalities,areevenmoreinsignificantandminisculethantheantorthedropofwater.Thenhowisitpossiblethatwedescribeorrecognizethem?SinceonlyAllahtheAlmighty

possessestheirall-encompassingrecognition,theonlymethodtorecognizethemisthroughrevelation.Ifweacquireanyothermodeofrecognition,thenindeedwewillbeamongtheseventy-twodoomedsects.

Thenwhatisthesolution?Now,theonlywayistodescribethesunfromthecharacteristicsofitstongue,theoceanfromitsreflectioninthemirrorandtheheightofamountainfromthebirdthatfliesoveritstop.Therefore,weshouldacquirethebeliefsfromtheseinfallibleandholyImams(a.s.)sothatweneitherbecomeliketheWahhabisnorbecomeliketheexaggerators( تالغ ).

Wealsobelievethat,

‘Byhis(a.t.f.s.)blessingarethecreaturessustainedandthroughhisexistence,theearthandtheheavensarefirmlyestablished.’

Webeingamonghisflockandhisguestsmustnecessarilygreethimeverymorningwithoursalutations.WemustofferourgreetingsastaughtuntousbytheAhlulBayt(a.s.)andrenewourallegiancewithhim(a.t.f.s.).WeshouldseekfromAllahtheAlmightywithablazingheartthatHehastenshisnoblereappearance.Thisiswhathe(a.t.f.s.)hasorderedustodowhenhesays,

‘Andpraymostforthehasteningofthereappearance,forcertainly,itisyoursalvation.’

Sincelastmanyyears,AssociationofImamMahdi(a.t.f.s.)hashadthepracticeofintroducingonesupplicationorziyaaratoftheinfallibleAhlulBayt(a.s.)inthespecialissuesofAl-Qaemal-Muntazar(a.s.).Approximatelythreeyearsago,weundertookthetaskofabriefexplanationoftheZiyaaratal-AaleYaasin,theprofoundandmeaningfulsalutationfromImamal-Mahdi(a.t.f.s.).Duetoconstraintsofspace,theexplanationcouldnotbepublishedinoneissueandasaresult,hadtobespreadoverthreespecialissuesofShabaanal-Muazzamoveraspanofthreeyears.

Therefore,wedecidedtopublishtheentireexplanationinabookletforthebenefitofourreaders,ofcourse,withminorchangesandvariations.

Werequestourrespectedreaderstoprovideuswiththeirvaluableandconstructivesuggestionstoimproveuponoureffortsinthefuture.WehopetheAlmightyAllah,forthesakeofHisHujjat(a.t.f.s.),acceptsthishumbleoffering.

Finally,beforestartingtorecitetheZiyaaratanditsexplanation,wegotoourmaster,Imamal-Zamaana(a.t.f.s.)andpleadwithhim,

Master!Thetearsoftheoppressedarewaitingforsomeonetowipetheirtearsandconsolethem.

Master!Thewounded,theamputatedandtheinjured,victimsoftheatrocitiesofthemodernsuperpowers,havelostallfaithexceptinthemiraculoustouchofYusufal-Zahra!

Master!Thestifledcriesoftheorphans,thedryeyesofthewidowsandthebleedingheartsofthescholars,haveonlyonehope.You.

Master!Thepoorandthedestituteliehungry,sickanddiseased.Theydon’texpectanysolace,comfortandrelieffromanybodyexceptthesonofFatemah(s.a.).

Master!NoweventhesacredshrinesofKarbalaandNajaf,theshrinesofyournobleancestors,areunsafefromthefilthydesignsofthepresentdayPharaohs!

OAllah!Hastenthereappearanceofourmaster,ImamMahdi

(a.t.f.s.)andenlistusamongsthiscompanionsandhelpers!

Aameen!LordoftheWorlds!

AssociationofImamMahdi(a.s.)

Shabaanal-Muazzam,1425A.H.(2004A.D.)

FullArabicTextofZiyaaratAaliYaasin

سی لآ ةرایز

میحرلا نمحرلا هللا مسب

مالسلا هقح رصانو هللا ةفیلخای كیلع مالسلا هنید نایدو هللا بابای كیلع مالسلا هتایآ ينابرو هللا يعادای كیلع مالسلا ، سی لآ ىلع مالسهللا ةیقبای كیلع مالسلا كراهن فارطأو كلیل ءانآ يف كیلع مالسلا ، هنامجرتو هللا باتك يلاتای كیلع مالسلا هتدارإ لیلدو هللا ةجحای كیلعملعلاو بوصنملا ملعلا اهیأ كیلع مالسلا ، هنمض يذلا هللا دعوای كیلع مالسلا هدكوو هذخأ يذلا هللا قاثیمای كیلع مالسلا هضرأ يفبوذكم ریغ ادعو ةعساولا ةمحرلاو ثوغلاو بوبصملا ،

عكرت نیح كیلع مالسلا تنقتو يلصت نیح كیلع مالسلا نیبتو أرقت نیح كیلع مالسلا دعقت نیح كیلع مالسلا موقت نیح كیلع مالسلاىشغی اذإ لیللا يف كیلع مالسلا يسمتو حبصت نیح كیلع مالسلا رفغتستو دمحت نیح كیلع مالسلا ربكتو للهت نیح كیلع مالسلا دجستو

ينأ يالومای كدهشأ . مالسلا عماوجب كیلع مالسلا لومأملا مدقملا اهیأ كیلع مالسلا نومأملا مامإلا اهیأ كیلع مالسلا ، ىلجت اذإ راهنلاوهلهأو وه الإ بیبحال هلوسرو هدبع ادمحم نأو هل كیرشال هدحو هللا الإ هلإ ال نأ دهشأ ،

رفعجو هتجح يلع نب دمحمو هتجح نیسحلا نب يلعو هتجح نیسحلاو هتجح نسحلاو هتجح نینموملا ریمأ ایلع نأ يالومای كدهشأوهتجح يلع نب نسحلاو هتجح دمحم نب يلعو هتجح يلع نب دمحمو هتجح ىسوم نب يلعو هتجح رفعج نب ىسومو هتجح دمحم نب ،

اهنامیإ يف تبسك وأ لبق نم تنمآ نكت مل اهنامیإ اسفن عفنیال موی اهیف بیرال قح مكتعجر نأو ، رخآلاو لوألا متنأ هللا ةجح كنأ دهشأوقح نازیملاو قح داصرملاو قح طارصلا نأو قح ثعبلاو قح رشنلا نأ دهشأو قح اریكنو اركان نأو قح توملا نأو ، اریخ

؛ كعاطأ نم دعسو كفلاخ نم يقش يالومای . قح امهب دیعولاو دعولاو قح رانلاو قح ةنجلاو قح باسحلاو قح رشحلاو

ركنملاو هب مترمأام فورعملاو هومتطخسأام لطابلاو هومتیضرام قحلاف ، كودع نم يرب كل يلو انأو هیلع كتدهشأام ىلع دهشافيتدومو مكل ةدعم يترصنو مكرخآو مكلوأ يالومای مكبو نینمؤملا ریمأبو هلوسربو هل كیرشال هدحو هللااب ةنمؤم يسفنف هنع متیهنام

نیمآ نیمآ مكل ةصلاخ \*

ZiyaaratAali–Yaasin,ABriefCommentary

TheChainofNarrators

NumerousShiascholarsofthehigheststaturehavedocumentedthisZiyaaratintheircompilationsandhavevouchedforitschainofnarrators.Here,weshalloutlinethenamesofafewbookswhereinthisZiyaarathasbeenmentioned.(Beingfollowersofthefiveinfallibles(a.s.)fromtheIncidentoftheCloak( ءاسكلا ثیدح ),wehavetakenasimilarnumberandhavementionedfivereferences.

(1)Al-Ehtejaajvol.2p.316-318

ThisistheoldestreferenceavailablefortheZiyaarat.Thecompilerofthisinvaluableworkisthegreattraditionalist–AbuMansoorAhmedb.Alib.AbiTalibTabarsi(r.a.).Thistraditionalistofthe6thcenturyHijriisconsideredtobeoneoftheall-timegreatShiascholarsandteachers.Scholarsofnarrators(Ulamaal-Rijaal)havespokenhighlyofhimforhisgreatnessandpiety.

(2)BehaarulAnwaar

ThecompilerofthisShiiteEncyclopaedianeedsnointroduction.HeistheprideoftheShiiteworldandoneofitsgreatesttraditionalists-AllamahShaikhMuhammadBaqirMajlisi(r.a.)ConsideringtheimportanceofZiyaarateAali-Yaasin,hehasmentioneditin3places:

i)vol.53,p.171-73undertheChapterofletters( تاعیقوت )ofImamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.)

ii)vol.94,p.5-6undertheChapterofAllah’sremembranceandsupplications

iii)vol.102,p.81-83undertheChapterofZiyaaraat.

(3)FauzeAkbardarTawassulateImamal-Muntazar(a.t.f.s.)p.68-70

HujjatulIslamMirzaMuhammadBaqirFaqihEemaani(r.a.)isthecompilerofthisbook.ItisnoteworthythathehasmentionedthisZiyaaratrightatthebeginningbeforeotherZiyaaraat.

(4)TakaalifulAnaamfiGhaibatilImam(a.t.f.s.)p.135-38

SadrulIslamHamadani(r.a.)hasrecordedthisZiyaaratinthe25thdutyduringthemajoroccultation( ةبیغ ).

(5)MafaatihulJinaan(UrdutranslationAllamahZeeshanHaiderJawadi(r.a.)TanzeemulMakatibLucknowedition)p.956-959

ThecompilerofthismomentousworkisShaikhAbbasal-Qummi(r.a.).ThemainnarratorofthisZiyaaratisAbdullahb.Jafar(r.a.)[240A.H.-300A.H.].1ShaikhSadooq’s(r.a.)father–Alib.Baabwaiyh(r.a.),Muhammadb.Hasan(r.a.)(ShaikhSadooq’s(r.a.)teacher)andMuhammadb.YaqoobKulaini(r.a.)havereportedthisZiyaaratalongwithnumerousothertraditionsfromAbdullahb.Jafar(r.a.).

Giventhislistofillustriouspersonalitieswhohavenarratedthistradition,thereremainsnodoubtabouttheauthenticityofthechainofnarrators.

APeculiarFeatureoftheZiyaarat

AveryexceptionaltraitofthisZiyaaratisthattheinstructorofthisZiyaaratisalsoitsaddressee,i.e.theoneconveyingsalutation(salaam)andtheonetowhomthesalutationisaddressedisoneandthesame.Suchziyaaraatareindeedveryfew.Generally,Ziyaaraatarerecordedfromoneinfallible(a.s.)addressinganotherinfallible(a.s.).Forinstance,ImamSajjad(a.s.)hastaughthisShiastheZiyaaratofAmeerulMomineen(a.s.)andImamJafarSadiq(a.s.)introducedtheZiyaaratofthemartyrsofKarbala(r.a.).

AbouttheintroductionofZiyaaratal-Aali-Yaasin,itisnarratedthatJanabeHimyari(r.a.),thenarratorofthisZiyaarat,receivedaletterfromImamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.)inwhich,he(a.t.f.s.)firstansweredthequeriesasked.Thenhewrote,

‘You(people)neitherunderstandAllah’saffair( تيالو )noracknowledgeHisfriends(Imams(a.s.)).TheImamisAllah’sPerfectWisdombutithasbecomefutiletofrightenthepeoplewithit.SalutationsbeuponusanduponAllah’spiousservants.So,wheneveryouintendtoturnyourattentiontowardsAllahthroughourmediationorwishtoturntowardsusthensayasAllahhasordered,

" سی لآ ىلع مالس ...."

WebeseechAllahtogiveusthegracetoconveytheexegesisofthisinvaluableZiyaarattoourreaders(keepingbrevityinmind).

Verse1

سی لآ ىلع مالس . ١

SalutationuponAaliYaasinmeanssalutationsupontheprogenyoftheHolyProphet(S).Thisopeningsalutationhasgreatsignificance.For,thisisaZiyaaratrelatedtoImamal-Zamana(a.t.f.s.)andall

salutationsaftertheopeningoneareaddressedtohim.Yet,Imam(a.t.f.s.)hascommenceditbysendingsalutationsuponallhisfamilymembers.ItisapparentthattheopeningsalutationontheinfallibleprogenyoftheHolyProphet(S)isderivedfromtwoQuranicverses.ThefirstverseisderivedfromSurahYasin,verse1

سی

ThesecondverseisderivedfromSurahSaaffaat,verse130

سی لآ ىلع مالس

ImamJafarSadiq(a.s.)wasasked,‘OsonofAllah’sProphet,whatisthemeaningofthedivineword سی ?

He(a.s.)replied,

يحولا عماس ای هانعم و يبنلا ءامسا نم مسا

“ItisanamefromtheProphet’s(S)namesandimplies,‘Ohearerofrevelation’.2

Asfarasverse130ofSurahSaaffaatisconcerned,severalQuranicexegesesandreadersoftheHolyQuranlikeNaafe’,AbuAamirandYaqoobhavereciteditasAali-Yaasin( نیساسلا )isinrealityAali-Yaasin).3

Inadditiontothis,eventraditionsoftheAhlulBayt(a.s.)supportthisexplanation.Forinstance,ImamJafarSadiq(a.s.)hasnarratedatraditionfromhisgrandfatherAmeerulMomineen(a.s.)regardingtheQuranicverse

سی لآ نحن و دمحم سی

‘Muhammad(S)isYasinandwe(AhlulBayt(a.s.))areAali-Yaasin.4

DuringthereignoftheAbbasideEmperoradebatewasorganisedbetweenImamRidha’(a.s.)andthescholarsoftheAhlulSunnavis-à-vistheexcellenceoftheinfallibleAhlulBayt(a.s.).ImamRidha’(a.s.)demanded,

‘InformmeaboutthesayingofAllah,MightyandGlorifiedbeHe,

Yaasin–BytheNobleQuran–Surely,You(OMuhammad)arefromtheMessengersOntheRightPath.5

WhoisYaasininthisverse?’

Thescholarsreplied:YaasinisMuhammad(S),nonedoubtsaboutit.

Onthis,ImamRidha’(a.s.)exclaimed,

“SurelyAllah–MightyandGlorifiedBeHe–hasgrantedMuhammadandAleMuhammadavirtue,onaccountofthis,theessenceofwhichnonecanreachexceptthroughhisintellect.Thatis,Allah–MightyandGlorifiedbeHe–hasnotsendsalutationsonanybodyexcepttheProphets(a.s.).ThusHe–BlessedandHighbeHe–says,‘PeacebeonNuhintheworlds.’6

and‘PeacebeonIbrahim’7and‘PeacebeonMoosaandHaroon.’8ButHedidnotsay,‘PeacebeontheprogenyofNuh’nordidhesay,‘PeacebeontheprogenyofIbrahim’,nordidHesay,‘PeacebeontheprogenyofMoosaandHaaroon.’ButHe–MightyandGlorifiedBeHe–didsay:‘PeacebeontheprogenyofYaasin.’9i.e.theprogenyofMuhammad(S)10.

ReveredcommentatorsoftheAhlulSunnahlikeQurtubbiinhisTafseer(vol.15p.119)andAaloosiinTafseeral-RuhulMa’ani(vol.23p.142)toohaveadvancedsimilarviews.

Verse2

هتایآ ينابرو هللا يعادای كیلع مالسلا . ٢

Salutationsuponyou,OthecallerofAllahandthenourisherofHisCreation

TheopeningsalutationisaddressedspecificallytoImam’s(a.t.f.s.)holyandgloriousexistence.Fromamonghisinnumerableattributes,wefindtwoattributeshighlightedinthefirstsalutation.

A)CallerofAllah

هللا يعادای

B)NourisherofHisSign

هتایآ ينابرو

Thefirstattribute( يعاد )isaSubject( لعاف )(accordingtoArabicgrammar)andmeans–theonewhocallsorinvites.OverhereitmeansthatImamaz-Zaman(a.t.f.s.)invitesthepeopletowardsAllah.

TheSignificantPositionofInvitingtowardsAllah

TheopeningsalutationofthisZiyaaratmentionsinvitingtowardsAllah.ThisisfromamongtheexaltedattributesofImamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.)thatrightfrom260A.H.tilldateandfromtodaytillthedayofhisreappearance,hehasandwillcontinuetoSalutationsuponyou,OthecallerofAllahandthepersistentlyandtirelesslyinvitethepeopletowardsAllah.

Theotherattributehighlightedintheopeningsalutationis( ينابر ).MarhoomTuraihi(a.r.)writesthatinTafseeral-KashshaafofZamakhshari,theword( ينابر )referstotheonewhoisfirmlyattachedtoreligionandhisobediencetoAllahisfirmandintense.InQamoos,( ينابر )isdefinedasonewhoworshipsAllahwithrecognition.Tabarsi(a.r.)writesthattheonewhoimprovesandregulatestheaffairsofthepeopleis

calledas( ينابر )Thisisalsosupportedbythetradition

ينابر ملاع نم الا ملع ال

“Thereisnoknowledgeexceptfromthedivinescholar.”11

Inviewoftheaboveexplanation,thefirstlineoftheZiyaaratcanbereadas,‘SalutationuponyouwhoinvitestowardsAllah’sReligionandwhohimselfisAllah’sReligion.Yourobedienceistantamounttodivineobedience.Salutationuponyou,theonewhoimprovesandregulatestheaffairsofAllah’screatures.’Allah,GlorifiedbeHe,hasdelegatedtheregulationofallHiscreaturestoHischerishedone–MuhammadMustafa(S)andhisinfalliblefamily–theAhlulBayt(a.s.).TodayourImam–HazratWalial-Asr(a.t.f.s.)istherepresentativeofthisfamilyandhasbeenentrustedwiththisall-importantresponsibility.

Verse3

هنید نایدو هللا بابای كیلع مالسلا . ٣

"Salutationuponyou,OAllah’sDoorandtheregulatorandgovernorofHisReligion".

Liketheprevioussalutation,thissalutationalsoembracestwoattributes.Thefirstis‘Allah’sDoor’andthisattributeisindeedverypopularandfindsmentioninseveralZiyaaraat.Intraditions,theAhlulBayt(a.s.)arereferredtoas‘Allah’sDoor’.Forinstance,ImamJafarSadiq(a.s.)informs

هقلخ ىلع ىلاعتو كرابت هللا جتحا مهبو لجو زع هللا فرع ام مهالولو اهنم ىتؤی يتلالجو زع هللا باوبأ مه ءایصوألا

‘TheHolyProphet’s(S)successorsarethe‘DoorsofAllah’throughwhichHecanbeaccessed.Iftheywerenotthere,AllahtheAlmightywouldnothavebeenrecognized.Throughthem,AllahtheAlmightyhascompletedHisargumentsagainstHiscreatures.’12

ImamMuhammadBaqir(a.s.)declares

هللا باب نحنو ، هللا ةجح نحن

‘WeareAllah’sProofsandAllah’sDoor.13’

InDuaeNudbah,whichisassociatedwithImam(a.t.f.s.)himself,weaddresshim:

ىتؤی هنم ىذلا هللا باب نیا

‘WhereisAllah’sDoor,throughwhichHeisaccessed?’

Whatisthemeaningof( باب (?) باب )meansdoororgate.However,thisbynomeans,impliesthatAllahresidesinanabode,thedoorofwhichisAhlulBayt(a.s.).Todispelsuchmisleadingnotions,itisnecessarythatwefirstunderstandsomepeculiaritiesaboutadoor.Takethedoorofanyhouseorgarden.Whatisthefunctionandpurposeofthedoor?

Theprimaryandmostcriticalfunctionofthedooristoallowaccesstothehouseorgardenandtothatextentitisunique.Ofcourse,apersoncanstilljumpthewallorsneakinsidethroughthewindow,butthatisnotinkeepingwiththenormsofaculturedsocietyandanyrationalpersonwilldisapproveofsuchuncivilizedbehaviour.TheIslamicShariatandintellecthavecondemnedthisinnouncertainterms.

TherenownedcommentatorontheHolyQuranbelongingtotheAhlulSunnah–HafizJalaluddinSuyutinarrates,‘Oncethesecondcaliph,Umarb.Khattab,wasonhisfamousnightstrolls.Suddenlyheheardsomestrangesoundsfromahouse,whicharousedhissuspicions.Hewenttotheperipheryofthehouseandseeingnowaytoenteritjumpedthewall.

Insidethehouse,hewassurprisedtoseeaman,drinkingwineandseatedwithawomaninacompromisingposition.Thecaliphexclaimed,‘OAllah’senemy!DoyoureallybelievethatyourdisobedienceisconcealedfromHim?’Theman,thoughdrunk,shotbackinstantly,‘OAmirulMomineen!

Don’tactinhaste.IfIhavecommittedonesin,youareguiltyofperpetratingthreemajorsins.Allahcommands,

‘…anddonotspy’14

Andyouhavedisobeyedhimbyspying(onme).Allahcommands,

‘…andgointothehousesbytheirdoors’15

Whileyouhavejumpedthewall.Allahcommands,

‘Donotenterthehousesuntilyouareacquaintedandsalutedtheirinmates’16

Whileyouhaveneithersoughtpermissionnorsalutedus.’17

Itisinconformitywithetiquetteandintellectthatmanentersagarden,houseoracitythroughtheirdoors.

Theothertermusedinthesalutationis(( هنید نایدو .Whatisthemeaningof( ناید )andwhyisImamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.)beingreferredtoas( ناید )?Tabarsi(r.a.)records,( ناید )isamongthetitlesofAllah.Itmeansdominant,rulerandjudge.IntheHolyProphet’s(S)praiseandeulogy,hesays:

برعلا ناید و سانلا دیس ای

‘Oleaderofmenandtheruler(orjudgeordominator)oftheArabs.’Likewisetraditionsdeclare

اهیبن دعب ةمألا هذه ناید يلع ناك

‘Ali(a.s.)istheruler(orjudgeordominator)ofthisnationaftertheProphet(S).’18

ItisevidentthattheentireprogenyoftheProphet(S)alsopossessesthesemeritsandcanbeascribedwiththem(andthisfactishighlightedinseveralZiyaaraat).Inthisera,Imamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.)isthesolerepresentativeoftheProphet’sinfallibleprogeny(a.s.)andbyvirtueofthis,heisthesolepossessorofthesemerits.

Verse4

هقح رصانو هللا ةفیلخای كیلع مالسلا . ٤

Salutationsuponyou,OCaliphofAllahandtheHelper(intheway)ofHisRight

Thissalutationalsohighlightstwovitalattributes–Allah’sCaliphateandthesupportofHisRight.InArabicterminology,acaliphhasbeendescribedas:

فلخ هدام , دراوملا برقا ) ماما هقوف سیل يذلا مامإللا : عرشلا يف و مظعألا ناطلسلا و هماقم موقی و هریغ فلخی نم )

‘Caliphisthesuccessorofanotherandtheoneappointedbyhim.ThatiswhyakingisreferredtoasaCaliph.’

AccordingtotheIslamicShariat,thecaliphistheImam,andheismatchlessinhissuperiorityandsupremacy.

Inthecurrentera,Imamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.)istheImamandthesoleclaimanttotheexaltedandloftystatusofImamat.Heisthedominantandsupremeking,infrontofwhom,evenHazratDawood(a.s.)andHazratSulaiman(a.s.)withalltheembellishmentsoftheirmonarchies,appearsmallandminiscule.HeisthetrueCaliphandGuide,whoisunchallengedinhiscaliphateandguidance.

Inthisregard,HafizMuhammadb.YusufGanjiShafei’,theillustriousSunnischolar,hasrecordedapertinenttraditioninhiscompilation‘AlBayaanfiAkhbaaral-SahibizZaman(a.t.f.s.)(Chapter15)’

هوعبتاف هللا ةفیلخ يدهملا اذه نإ الأ : يدانی دانم اهیف ةمامع هسأر ىلعو يدهملا جرخی

‘Mahdishallreappearwhiletherewillbeacloudhoveringoverhim.Fromwithinit,anannouncershallannounce–ThisisMahdi,Allah’sCaliph,soobeyhim!’

هقح رصانو

Thisisthesecondimportantattributeunderlinedinthissalutation.Whileit’struethatallprophets(a.s.)andsuccessors(a.s.)werehelpersofthedivinecause,itisnoteworthythatImamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.)hasbeenspeciallypreservedforthismotive.Inordertoappreciatethispoint,itisnecessarythatweunderstandtheword( هقح هقح )meansHis(Allah’s)Right.Imam(a.t.f.s.)isthehelperofAllah’sright(i.e.Hiscause).

WhatisAllah’sright?ThefourthImam–ImamZainulAbedeen(a.s.)explainsAllah’srightintheverybeginningofhiscompilation‘RisaalatulHuquq’

ائیش هب كرشت ال هودبعت ناف كیلع ربكألا هللا قح امأف

‘ThegreatestrightthatAllah,theAlmighty,enjoysuponyouisthatyouworshiponlyHimanddonotassociatepartnerswithHim.’19

AsexplainedbyImam(a.s.),Allah’srightuponHisCreaturesisthebeliefinmonotheism.ItmeansthatweshouldworshiponlyHimandnotsetuppartnersforHim.Aswehavementionedearlier,thisistheobjectivewithwhichallprophets(a.s.)andmessengers(a.s.)wereraised.However,nonecouldaccomplishcompletesuccessinthisregard.Forinstance,HazratNuh(a.s.)propagatedfor950years,butdespitehismassiveefforts,theHolyQuransays:

لیلق الإ هعم نمآ امو

“Andnonebelievedwithhim(Nuh)butafew.”20

However,whileprophesizingaboutImamal-Asr’s(a.t.f.s.)advent,Allahsays:

ائیش يب نوكرشی ال يننودبعی

‘…theyshallserveMe,notassociatingaughtwithMe…’21

Inthismomentousendeavour,Allah,Himself,shallhelpImam(a.t.f.s.)throughHisangels.InDuaal-Iftetaah,Imam(a.t.f.s.)espousesthisfact,

اریصن اناطلس كندل نم هل لعجا ،و اریسی احتف هل حتفا ،و ازیزع ارصن هرصنا ،و هب رصتنا و هرصنا ،و هب ززعا و هزعا مه ـ للا

‘OAllah!Honourhim(Imam(a.t.f.s.))andthroughhimhonourus.Helphimandthroughhimhelpusavengeourenemies.Helphimwithamightyhelpingandgranthimaneasyvictory.AndarrangefromYoursideadominatingandoverwhelmingsupportforhim.’22

Verse5

هتدارإ لیلدو هللا ةجحای كیلع مالسلا . ٥

‘Salutationsuponyou,OAllah’sProofandtheindicatortowardsHisintention.’

Imam’s(a.t.f.s.)brilliantpersonalityisAllah’smostmagnificentproofandargumentontheearth.AllahshallcompleteHisargumentuponHiscreaturesthroughImam(a.t.f.s.)andthecreaturesshallwitnessAllah’sargumentthroughthepersonaofImam(a.t.f.s.).ThismeansthatifapersoncannotrecognizeHisCreatorthroughthemediationofImam(a.t.f.s.),hewillneverarriveatthetruthandallhisattemptsinthisregardwillprovefutile.

HakimahKhaatoon(r.a.),thedaughterofImamMuhammadTaqi(a.s.),informs,‘AssoonasImamaz-Zaman(a.t.f.s.)steppedintothisworld,heimmediatelyfellinprostration.Onhisarmwereengravedinaradiantlight,thewords:

لطابلا قهزو قحلا ءاج

‘Truthhascomeandfalsehoodvanished.’23

ItooktheinfantinmyarmsandcarriedhimovertohisfatherImamHasanAskari(a.s.).Imam(a.s.)ranhisfingerslovinglyacrosstheheadofhisbelovedsonandurged,

. ةفیلخ ای ملكت ، ءایضلا دیدشلا قیمعلا رحبلا نم حابصملاو ءاضیبلا ةركلا بحاصو ءایصوألا متاخو ءآیبنألا ةیقبو هللا ةجح ای ملكتءایصوألا رونو ءایقتألا

‘SpeakupOAllah’sProofandtheremnantofthepastprophets,Othesealofsuccessors,Orestorerofbrillianceandlighttothedeepocean,speakup,OCaliphofthePiousOnesandtheLightoftheSuccessors.’

Later,againweseeImamHasanAskari(a.s.)givinggladtidingstoImam(a.t.f.s.)atnoonwhenthelatterwasofferingwatertohisfatherforablutions:

يیصوو يدلو تنأو هضرأ ىلع هللا ةجح تنأو يدهملا تنأو ، نامزلا بحاص تنأف ينب ای رشبا

‘Omyson,IgiveyougladtidingsthatyouaretheMasteroftheAge,youaretheMahdi,youareAllah’sProofontheearth,youaremysonandmysuccessor…’24

Anothersignificantfactrevealedinthissalutationis

هتدارإ لیلدو

Thiscanbereadas,

‘SalutationsontheonewhosignifiesAllah’sIntention.’

IndeedImam’s(a.t.f.s.)gloriousexistenceisaproofandindicatorofAllah’sIntention.Beforedeliberatingontheproofofintention,itisnecessaryfirsttounderstandthemeaningofAllah’sIntention.Allah’sIntentionhastwoaspectstheWorldofCreation( ينیوكت ملاع )andtheWorldofAction( يعیرشت ملاع ).

In( ينیوكت ملاع ),Allah’sIntentionimpliesHisCreationlikeearth,sky,sun,moon,etc.Regarding( ملاعينیوكت )Allahonlyhastosay‘Be’( نك )and‘Itis’.( نوكیف )InAalamal-Tashreei,Allah’sIntentionisHis

CommandsandProhibitionsthatHehasdefinedforhiscreatures.

Inthelightoftheaboveexplanation,whenwereflectuponImam’s(a.t.f.s.)attributeofbeingapointertowardsAllah’sIntention,werealisethatheguidesustowardsboththeseworlds.In( ينیوكت ملاع )everycreationpointstowardsAllah’sIntention.

However,Imam’s(a.t.f.s.)wonderfulexistenceisthebestpointertowardsAllah’sIntentiontakingprecedenceoverallothercreation.Thisisbecause,ifitweren’tfortheHolyProphet(S)andhisinfallibleprogeny(a.s.),therewouldnothavebeenearth,sky,Chair,Throne,jinn,men,etc.nayrathernothingwouldhaveexistedatall.

AllahHimselfdeclares

كالفألا تقلخ امل كالول

‘OProphet,butforyou,Iwouldnothavecreatedtheworld.’

ءاسكلا تحت مه نیذلا ةسمخلا ءالؤه ةبحم يف الإ ... ةئیضم اسمش الوارینم ارمق الو ةیحدم اضرأ الو ةینبم ءامس تقلخ ام ينإ

‘SurelyI(Allah)didnotcreatetheelevatedsky,theexpansiveearth,thebrilliantsun….butforthesakeandfortheloveofthesefivepersons,whoareinsidethecloak.”25

Moreover,AllahconveysHisIntentiontoHiscreaturesthroughImamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.).ImamSadiq(a.s.)whileinstructingtheShiasabouttheZiyaaratofImamHusain(a.s.)declares

مكتویب نم ردصتو مكیلإ طبهت هرومأ ریداقم يف برلا ةدارإ

“(OAhlulBayt!)Allah’sintentioninthedestiniesofHisaffairsdescendsonyouandemanatesfromyourhouses.”26

Inanothertradition,ImamAliNaqi(a.s.)informs,

هللا ءاشی نأ الإ نوؤاشت امو هللا لوق وهو هوؤاش ائیش هللا ءاش اذإف هتدارإل ادروم ةمئألا بولق لعج هللا نإ

“SurelyAllahhasmadetheheartsoftheImamsasaplaceforHisintention’sdescent.Thus,wheneverAllahintendsathing,theytoointendthesameandthisisthemeaningoftheverse,‘Andyouintendnot(athing)butthatAllahintends(it).”27

Inyetanothertradition,ImamSadiq(a.s.)declares,

لج و زع هللا ةدارإل ركو مامإلا نا

“SurelytheImamisthenestforAllah’s(MightyandGlorifiedbeHe)intention.”28

Inanothertradition,ImamAliNaqi(a.s.)informs,

Asfor( يعیرشت ملاع ),anImamisthebestguidetowardsAllah’scommandsandprohibitions.Inotherwords,thereisnoneintheworld,whocancomprehendAllah’slawsbetterthantheImamorperformtheminamannermoreappropriatethanhim.Hence,ifanyonedesirestoseeastowhichtypeofworshipincludesAllah’ssatisfaction,hemustlookatImamandattempttoimitatehimtothebestofhisabilities.

Verse6

هنامجرتو هللا باتك يلاتای كیلع مالسلا . ٦

Salutationuponyou,OthereciterofAllah’sBookanditsinterpreter

Likethepreviousstatement,thisisalsoasalutationontwoentities.However,unliketheprevioussalutation,theentityinquestionisoneandthesame–theHolyQuran.OrtobepreciseitdealswiththetwoQurans–theSilentQuran(thebookitself)andtheSpeakingQuran(Imamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.))andhighlightsthecohesiveanddurablebondbetweenthetwo.Indeed,thetwoshallalwaysremainunitedinthisworlduntiltheymeettheHolyProphet(S)inthehereafter.Therenownedprophetictraditionunderlinesthisfact:

يلع ادری ىتح اقرفی نل امهنإف ادبأ يدعب اولضت نل امهب متكسمت نإ ام يتیب لهأ يترتعو ، لجو زع هللا باتك نیلقثلا مكیف كرات ينإضوحلا

‘Iamleavingbehindinyourmidst,twoweightythings:theBookofAllahandmyprogeny.Ifyoufastentothem,youwillneverbeledastrayaftermeandthesetwoshallnotseparatefromeachothertilltheymeetmeatthepond( ضوح )ofKawthar.’

Traditionslikethisorwithsimilarimplicationsareaplenty.ThesearerecordedbytheAhlulSunnahandShiascholarsandaredeemedauthenticandreliablebythem.Inviewofthetraditionmentionedabove,itisevidentthateveryagehasarepresentativeoftheProphet’s(S)progenyandinthisera,HazratWalial-Asr(a.t.f.s.)holdsthisesteemedposition.

ImamMuhammadBaqir(a.s.)warnsAmrb.Ubaid,

ورمع ای انیلإو انب ءادتهالاف هریسفت ىلإ اوجاتحا اذاف لزنأ امك نآرقلا وؤرقی نأ سانلا ىلع امناف

‘OAmr,itisobligatoryonthepeopletorecitetheQuranasitwasrevealed.Whentheyfeeltheneedtointerpretitsverses,theyshouldnecessarilyrefertousandacquireguidance.’29

Verse7

كراهن فارطأو كلیل ءانآ يف كیلع مالسلا . ٧

‘Salutationsuponyouinthenighttimeandduringtheday.’

Withthissalutation,youareannouncingyourintentiontosendpeaceuponImam(a.t.f.s.)ateverymoment,beitdayornight.

ThisstatementisborrowedfromtheQuranicverse

ىضرت كلعل راهنلا فارطأو حبسف لیللا ءانآ نمو

‘…duringhoursofthenightdoalsoglorify(Him)andduringpartsoftheday…’30

Verse8

هضرأ يف هللا ةیقبای كیلع مالسلا . ٨

SalutationupontheRemnantofAllahinHisearth

Overhere,Imam(a.t.f.s.)hasbeenaddressedwiththerenownedtitlethatfindsamentionintheHoly

Quran.

نینمؤم متنك نإ مكل ریخ هللا تیقب

“SurelytheremnantofAllahisgoodforyouifyouarebelievers.”31

Theword( ةیقب )hasseveralmeanings.However,forbrevitywehavedelvedonlyononemeaningwhichisrelevanttoourdiscussionoverhere.

هضعب كرت : هنم ىقب

i.e.someofit’spartisleft.

ThismeansthatImamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.)isthelastlinkpreservedbyAllahinHischainofProphets(a.s.)andtheirsuccessors(a.s.)sentformankind’sguidance.

ThisisalsothemeaningusedinZiyaaraatandsupplications.

هججح و هئایلوأ نم ةیقب ای كیلع مالسلا

‘SalutationupontheRemnantofAllah,fromHisFriendsandHisProofs.’32

( هللا ةیقب )wasthetitleofeventhepreviousImams(a.s.).However,itisusedmorespecificallyforImamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.).Thefollowingtraditionunderscoresthisfact.

AdenieroftheHolyQuranapproachedAmeerulMomineen(a.s.)andaskedhim,‘Ihavereadinthe

Quran,‘theRemnantofAllahisbetterforyou.’WhoisthisRemnantofAllah?

Imam(a.s.)informed,

‘ThisreferstotheMahdi,whoshallreappearafteraperiodofintenseexamination.Heshallthenfilltheearthwithjusticeandequityasitwouldhavebeenfilledwithtyrannyandinjustice.Amonghissignsareoccultationandaconcealedlifestyle.Atthattime,rebellionandupheavalswillbecommonandthefireofvengeancewillbestokingstronglyamongthepeople.’33

WhenImamHasanAskari(a.s.)introducedAhmedb.Ishaaq(r.a.)toImamaz-Zaman(a.t.f.s.)whilehewasstillaninfant,Imam(a.t.f.s.)declaredtoAhmedb.Ishaaq(r.a.)

هضرأ يف هللا ةیقب انأ

‘IamtheRemnantofAllahonHisearth.’

ThisistheverystatementthatImam(a.t.f.s.)shallproclaimonhisreappearance.Imam(a.t.f.s.)shallbesightedfirstintheprecinctsoftheHolyKabaawherewhileleaningagainstthesacredmonument.Kabaa,heshallrecitetheabovestatement.

Verse9

هدكوو هذخأ يذلا هللا قاثیمای كیلع مالسلا . ٩

SalutationsuponyouOAllah’sCovenantthathehastakenandemphasizeduponit.

Thepoethasdepictedthisthus:

ـل سر ـ لا ةو ـفـ صو هللا ةی بـقـ

ـل قف تئش مـا دوجو ـ لاةبخ ـ نو

TheremnantofAllahandtheexistents,sayasyouplease

Theselectedamongthechosenoneofmessengers

meanspledgeandallegiance.Reliabletraditionsrevealthatin( رذلا ملاع )(theworldthatprecededthismaterialworldandroughlytranslatedas‘theworldofparticles’),AllahhadtakenthepledgefromtheShiaswithregardstothemastershipoftheinfallibleImams(a.s.)oftheAhlulBayt(a.s.).ThatiswhyinthisZiyaaratwerefertoImamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.)as‘Allah’sCovenant’.Imam(a.t.f.s.)isthecovenantonwhichAllahhasputalotofstressandemphasisforHiscreatures.

In( رذلا ملاع ),whenallthecreatureswerepresentintheformofparticles( رذ )theyweremadetoaffirmthepledgeregardingAllah’sdivinity,theHolyProphet’s(S)prophethoodandAmeerulMomineen’s(a.s.)mastership.However,whenthecreatureswereexaminedinthismatterwithcompletefreewillandwithoutanycompulsion,mostofthemwereunsuccessfulandfailedtoaffirmtheallegiance.

Afterthistripleallegiance(divinity,prophethoodandmastership),AllahquestionedthecreaturesregardingImamal-Asr’s(a.t.f.s.)occultationandreappearance,inwhich,evenmorecreatureswereunsuccessfulandfailedtoaffirmthepledgeregardingImamal-Asr’s(a.t.f.s.)occultationandreappearance.

Therefore,thispledgehasbecomeasubjectofdivineemphasis.Itisthisverycovenant,theaffirmationofwhichmadesomeprophets(a.s.)reachtheexaltedstationof‘firmindetermination’( مظعلا ولوأ ),inpreferenceoverotherprophets(a.s.).

Inthisaspect,ImamMuhammadBaqir(a.s.)declares

نأ ،و يملع نازخو يرمأ ةالو هدعب نم هؤایصوأو نینمؤملا ریمأ يلعو يلوسر دمحمو مكبر يننأ مزعلا يلوأ ىلع قاثیملا ذخأواهركو اعوط هب دبعأو يئادعأ نم هب مقتنأو يتلود هب رهظأو ينیدل هب رصتنا يدهملا ...

‘Allahhastakenthispledgeevenfromthe( مزلا ولوأ )Prophets(a.s.):IamyourLord,Muhammad(S)isMyProphet,Ali(a.s.)andhisinfalliblesons(a.s.)arethemastersandtreasurersofMyaffair.Iwill

mostcertainlyhelpMyreligionthroughMahdiandthroughhimMygovernmentwillprevail.Throughhim,IwillavengeMyenemiesandthroughhimallwillsubmittoMyWorshipwillinglyorotherwise.’34

Asisevidentfromthetradition,allthe( مزعلا ولوأ )Prophets(a.s.)havetestifiedtothefactinAalamal-ZarrthatreligionwillbehelpedbyandattaindeliverancethroughImamMahdi(a.t.f.s.).

Verse10

هنمض يذلا هللا دعوای كیلع مالسلا . ١٠

Salutationuponyou,OAllah’sPromiseregardingwhichHehasgivenHisAssurance

InseveralsupplicationsandZiyaraat,Imam(a.t.f.s.)hasbeenreferredtoasthe‘PromisedOne’andthisisafairlycommontitle.AdistinctivenessofZiyaaratal-Aali-YaasinisthatImam(a.t.f.s.)overherehasbeenaddressedas‘Allah’sPromise’,apromisethathasbeenendorsedfurtherbyadivineassurance.Perhaps,Imam(a.t.f.s.)hasbeenreferredtoasaPromise,becauseofthehopesandexpectationsbehindhispromisedadvent.Infact,thewordPromiseonlyevokesImam’s(a.t.f.s.)remembranceandmentionasisevidentinSurahMaryam:

نودعوی ام اوأر اذإ ىتح

“Tilltheyseewhattheyhadbeenpromised.”35

Undertheexegesisofthisverse,ImamJafarSadiq(a.s.)reveals,

مئآقلا جورخ وهف

‘HerethePromisereferstotheadventofQaim(a.t.f.s.).’36

Likewise,readerscanrefertootherQuranicverseslikeSurahNur:55.

AnothernoteworthypointonthesubjectofpromiseisthatAllahneverrenegesonHisPromise.Whenitcomestohonouringone’swordandabidingbyapromise,indeedwhocantakeprecedenceoverAllah?

Certainlynone!Allah’spromiseitselfissufficientforanyeventtooccur.Then,whataboutthePromiseforwhichAllahhasgivenanaddedassurance.Inthisera,itisourdutytowaitfortherealizationofthedivinepromise.ItisregardingthisPromisethatwefindinZiyaraat:

زجنیو هل نكمیو الدعو اطسق ضرألا هب ألمیو ثعشلا هب ملیو ملكلا هب عمجی نأ ممألا هب لجو زع هللا دعو يذلا يدهملا ىلع مالسلانینمؤملا دعو هب

“SalutationuponMahdi–Allah’sPromisetothenations.Throughhim(Imam(a.t.f.s.))Allahwillgatherthepeopleandunitethescatteredonesandfilltheearthwithjusticeandequityasitwouldhavebeenfilledwithtyrannyandinjustice.Anditisthroughhim(Imam(a.t.f.s.))thatAllahwillfulfillHisPromisetothebelievers.’37

Verse11

بوصنملا ملعلا اهیأ كیلع مالسلا . ١١

Salutationuponyou,OMasteroftheRaisedStandard.

Overhere,HazratBaqiatullah(a.t.f.s.),hasbeenreferredtoasthe‘RaisedStandard’.Itispossiblethattheterm–RaisedStandardoverhereisn’tusedalone,ratheraword‘Master’isconcealedbeforeit.Sothisverseshouldhavereadas

بوصنملا ملعلا بحاص ای كیلع مالسلا

Inthelightofthisarrangement,thetranslationofthisversewillnowreadas

Salutationuponyou,OMasteroftheRaisedStandard.

ThisversealludestotheRaisedStandardthatwillunfurlinallitsgloryonImam’s(a.t.f.s.)reappearanceandwillserveasasigntothepeopleofImam’s(a.t.f.s.)veracity.

TherespectedscholarofAl-Abqarial-Hesaanwrites,‘WhenImam’s(a.t.f.s.)reappearancedrawsnear,hisstandardshallstartunfurlingonitsown,withoutanyone’sintervention.ThenAllahshallbestowthepowerofspeechtothisstandard,whichshallexclaim–OAllah’sServant,reappearnowanddestroyAllah’sEnemies.’38

Imamaz-Zaman(a.t.f.s.)willhavewithhimthreestandards.Ononeofthemshallbeinscribed:

نید مالسإلا مكل تیضرو يتمعن مكیلع تممتأو مكنید مكل تلمكأ مویلا

‘…ThisdayhaveIperfectedforyouyourreligionandcompletedMyfavoronyouandchosenforyouIslamasareligion…’39

Onthesecondstandardshallbewritten:

اریطتسم هرش ناك اموی نوفاخیو رذنلاب نوفوی

‘Theyfulfillvowsandfearadaytheevilofwhichshallbespreadingfarandwide.’40

Thethirdstandardshallbeadornedwiththewords:

هئایصوأ نیسحلا دلو نم ةعستلا و نیسحلا و نسحلا هتفیلخ و هللا يلو يلع هللا لوسر دمحم هللا الإ هلإ ال

‘ThereisnoGodexceptAllah.Muhammad(S)isHisMessenger.Ali(a.s.)isHisSlaveandHisCaliph.Hasan(a.s.)andHusain(a.s.)andtheninesonsfromHusain’s(a.s.)progenyareHisSuccessors.’41

ImamSadiq(a.s.)informs:

‘Imamaz-Zaman’s(a.t.f.s.)standardisauniqueflag–theveryflagwhichHazratJibrail(a.s.)broughtduringthebattleofBadrandentrustedtotheHolyProphet(S).ThisistheveryflagthatAmeerulMo’mineen(a.s.)hadunfurledduringtheBattleofJamalandwhichresultedinhistriumph.Afterthishewrappeduptheflagandhandeditovertohisson,ImamHasanMujtaba(a.s.).InthismannertheflagwaspassedonfromoneImam(a.s.)toanotherasalegacyandaninvaluabletreasure.TheImams(a.s.)maintainedtheflag,butnonegottheopportunitytounfurlit.Nowthisflagshallunfurlatthehandsofthelastsurvivingmemberofthisimmaculatehousehold–theQaim,MahdiofAleMuhammad(a.s.).42

Verse12

بوبصملا ملعلاو . ١٢

(Salutationuponyou),Ooverflowingknowledge...

Theword( بوبصم )‚is( لوعفم مسا )andismadefrom( بص )whichmeanstooverflowortopourout.

Liketheearlierstatements,thisstatementalsothrowsuptwopossibilities.OnepossibilitycouldbethatImamaz-Zaman(a.t.f.s.)isthepossessorofoverflowingknowledgeandtheotheristhatImam’s(a.t.f.s.)personalityisoverflowingwithknowledge.Atthisstage,mypenconfessesitshelplessnessindescribing‘absoluteknowledge’.

Forhowcan‘theoverflowingignorance’havetheaudacitytoelucidatetherealityof‘theoverflowingknowledge’!Indeedthisisonlypossibleifwerestrictourselvestothetraditionsoftheinfallibles(a.s.)tounraveltherealityof‘theoverflowingknowledge’.

Inthisregardletuscastaglanceatthetraditions,supplicationsandZiyaraatrelatedtoImamaz-Zaman(a.t.f.s.).(Readersarerequestedtoreadthefollowinglineswithraptattention)

ةیهلإلا مولعلا زنك ثراو ای كیلع مالسلا

‘Salutationuponyou,Othetreasureofdivineknowledge…’43

ةیوبنلا مولعلا ندعم ای كیلع مالسلا

‘Salutationuponyou,Ostorehouseofthepropheticknowledge…’44

ملع لك زئاخ كنإ

‘Indeedyouarethecollectionofeveryknowledgeandscience’45

قتر لك قتافو ، ملع لك نزاخ كنأو

‘Indeedyouarethecollectionofeveryknowledgeandthesplitterofeverysewnthing(ofeverybranchofknowledge).’46

دیبی ال هملع يذلا ملاعلاو دیدجلا قحلا ىلع مالسلا

‘Salutationsupontherevivedtruth,(therevivedtruthimpliesthatImam(a.t.f.s.)shallrevivethetruthonhisreappearanceasthetruthwillhavebeencorruptedandscarredbeyondrecognitionuntilthen)andthescholarwhoseknowledgeshallneverberuined.’47

InDuaal-Nudba,weaddressImam(a.t.f.s.):

ملعلا دعاوقو نیدلا مالعا نیا

‘Whereisthestandardofreligionandthefoundationofknowledge.’

Inthesamesupplication,weaddressImam(a.t.f.s.)further:

ةلماكلا مولعلا نبا ای

‘Osonofthecompletesciences’

ImamMuhammadBaqir(a.s.),thesplitterofpropheticsciences,informsus:

هتابن نسحأ ىلع عرزلا تبنی امك انیدهم بلق يف تبنی هیبن ةنسو هللا باتكب ملعلا نإ

‘SurelytheknowledgeofAllah’sBook(Quran)andthetraditionsofhisProphet(S)growsintheheartofourMahdijustlikecropsgrowinthebestplaceofvegetation.’48

Wehavementionedonlyafewinstancesoftraditionstogivereadersanideaabout‘theoverflowingknowledge’.Indeedtheactualnumberisinnumerableandwilloverwhelmthereaderliketheboundlessoceanamazestheonlookerattheshore.Thedawnofreappearanceisstillaway.Imam(a.t.f.s.)isstillawaitingthosetrustedanduprightcompanionswhowillhelphimestablishtheobjectivesofreappearanceandwillbethesubjectofImam’s(a.t.f.s.)limitlessaffectionandbenefaction.‘

Theoverflowingknowledge’issealedintheholypersonalityofImam(a.t.f.s.).Thebrillianceofhisknowledgeisbeyondthegloomofdarknessandcannotbeoverwhelmedbyit.Infact,thisknowledgeistoohighforourthoughtstocomprehend.Ourimaginationfailstograsptherealityofthisknowledge.

Considerthat124,000prophets(a.s.)havebeenraisedbyAllah,whocollectivelyhaveinformedusofonly2alphabetsofknowledge.WhenImam(a.t.f.s.)reappearshewillunfoldtheremaining25alphabets.

GlorybetoAllah!

AllpraisebetotheGreatMaker,theComprehensivePowerandCreatorwhohasbestowedHisSlavewiththisknowledge.ThelightofImam’sessenceilluminestheheavensandtheearth.Indeed,weconfessourhelplessnessingraspingthisreality.Fromthedepthofourhearts,wesummonallourstrengthandinsightandproclaim:

بوبصملا ملعلاو بوصنملا ملعلا اهیأ كیلع مالسلا

‘Salutationuponyou,ORaisedStandardandtheoverflowingknowledge’

Itisworthnotingthatthepastprophets(a.s.)didnotdisclosealltheirknowledgetotheirnations.Theyinformedthemofonlyalittleandiftheydidrevealafractionofthetreasurehousesoftheirknowledge,itwastotheirspecialandtrustworthycompanions.

TraditionstestifytothefactthatthroughouthislifetimetheHolyProphet(S)neveraddressedhiscompanionswithhisultimateandperfectintellect.ThiscompleteandperfectintellectknowledgeoftheHolyProphet(S)isonlywiththeinfallibles(a.s.).

ThedivinesecretsandknowledgewithwhichtheHolyProphet(S)wasblessed,gottransferredfromoneImam(a.s.)totheotherandnowrestswithImamMahdi(a.t.f.s.).InthetimeofImamMahdi’s(a.t.f.s.)majoroccultation,thefalseanderroneousknowledgegainedascent.Imam(a.t.f.s.)dischargedhisresponsibilitiesonlywiththetwoalphabetsofknowledgethatprevailedintheworld.Heisstillinformingthepeopleofonlythetwoalphabets,thedepthofwhichperplexesthemind.

ThatiswhywhenImam(a.t.f.s.)blessesMuhammadb.Muhammadb.Noman(r.a.)withaportionofthisknowledge,hebecomes(Shaikh)MufeedoftheIslamicShariatanditsdefender.WhenImam(a.t.f.s.)bestowsasmallportionofthisknowledgeonSyedRaziuddinb.Taoos(r.a.),hebecomestheprotectorandcompilerofsupplicationsandZiyaraat.

WhenweseeImam(a.t.f.s.)giftaportionofthisknowledgetoHasanb.Yusufb.Mutahhar(r.a.),hetransformsmiraculouslyintoAllamahHilli(r.a.).WhenweobserveImam(a.t.f.s.)whisperafewwordsintheearsofAhmedb.MuhammadAlifi(r.a.),hebecomestheupholderofjurisprudencewithinsightandbecomesMuqaddas-e-Ardebali.

LikewiseineveryeratherearesomepiousandspecialpersonalitieswhohavebenefitedfromadropofknowledgefromImam’s(a.t.f.s.)boundlessknowledge.Andwiththissmalldrop,theyhavescaledthepeaksofwisdomandintelligence.

Allah,theAlmighty,bestowsknowledgeonImam(a.t.f.s.).SoAllahis,onewhopours(knowledge)andImam(a.t.f.s.)istheoneoverflowingwithknowledge.Imam(a.t.f.s.)vhimselfconferssomedropsofthisknowledgeontheShiasinwhichcasehebecomes( باص )andthescholarsare( بوبصم ).

ThethirdpointthatneedssomeemphasisisthatatalltimesweshouldaddresstheAhlulBayt(a.s.)withutmosthumilityandbeseechthemwithraisedhands,‘OMaster!Weseekknowledgeandwisdomonlyfromyouandrejecteveryoneelse.’WeshouldtranslatethisclaimintoactionandneverdesertImam(a.t.f.s.)byapproachingothersforknowledge.

Verse13

ثوغلا . ١٣

InArabic,( ثوغ )isaninfinitivemeanshelp,succour,shelterandreliefoftheaggrieved.InsupplicationsandZiyaraat,wesee( ثوغ / ثایغ )beingusedprolificallytodenoteAllah’sNames.Forinstance,

هل ثایغال نم ثایغای ! نیثیغتسملا ثایغ ای ! يتبرك دنع يثایغ ای !

OResourceinmyneediness!ORescuerofthosewhoappeal!OShieldforthedefenceless!49

OfcoursethetrueandrightfulshelterandsuccourisAllah,Himselfatafundamentallevel.However,asisthecasewithotherdivinetraits,HisAppointees(i.e.ProphetsandImams)aretheperfectmanifestation

andthecompletereflectionofdivineshelterandsuccour.Consequently,weseeeventheinfallibles(a.s.)beingaddressedwiththetitlesof( ثوغ )or( ثایغ ).

Forinstance,intheZiyaaratofAmeerulMo’mineen(a.s.)on17thRabbiulAwwal,whichisnarratedbyImamJafarSadiq(a.s.),weaddressImam(a.s.):

نیبوركملا ثایغ ای كیلع مالسلا

‘Salutationsuponyou,Oshelteroftheaggrievedanddistressed.’50

ThisistheZiyaratthatImam(a.s.)instructedhistrustedcompanion–Muhammadb.Muslim(r.a.).

ThistraithasalsobeenassociatedwithImamHusain(a.s.).WhileforecastingthetribulationsofhisfamilyafterKarbala,theHolyProphet(S)informed,

نیثیغتسملا ثایغ ای ... يدلو و ينبا وهو ينم هنإف نیسحلا امأو

‘AsforHusain(a.s.),surelyheisfrommeandheismysonandmyoffspring…andtheshelterofthedistressed’51

Likewise,thesetitleshavealsobeenemployedwhileaddressingotherImams(a.s.).ImamJafarSadiq(a.s.)whileenumeratingthepersonalityofhisbelovedgrandson–ImamRidha’(a.s.)declares:

اهثایغ و ةمالا هذه ثوغ هنم هللا جرخی

‘Allahshallmanifestthesaviourandshelterofthisnationthroughmyson(ImamMoosaKazim(a.s.)).’52

IntheZiyaratofImamJawad(a.s.)wecomeacrossthistitle:

نافهللا ثوغ ىلع مالسلا

‘Salutationsbeupontheshelterandsuccourofthedistressed.’53

Similarly,ImamMahdi’s(a.t.f.s.)mostesteemedforefather–theHolyProphet(S)hasdescribedhim(a.t.f.s.)withsuchtitles.Ourreligiousresponsibilityisthatinallourproblems,beitmajororminor,socialorpersonal,religiousorworldly,weimploreonlyImam(a.t.f.s.)forsuccourandrejectallotherimpostersliketheSufimysticsandsageswhohavenodivinemandateandauthorityandarethebiggestshams,toputitmildly.IfwithsuchabenevolentanddivinelyguidedImamtohelpus,westillknockatthedoorofothers,wehaverejectedImamatanditsprecepts.

OftenwewonderhowtobeseechImam(a.t.f.s.)forhelpaswearenotwell-versedwiththeetiquetteofsupplicationandinvocation.Thefollowingpointsmaybeofuseinthisregard:

First:Themostimportantcriterionispureintention(niyyat).IfwebeseechImam(a.t.f.s.)withsincerityfromthedepthofourhearts,thenitdoesnotmatterinwhatlanguagewecallouttohim.Heshallmostcertainlyheedourplaint.

Second:OurbelovedImams(a.s.)havetrainedusinthisregardintheirsupplicationsandZiyaraat.Keepinginmindbrevity,wehaveoutlinedafewlinesthattherespectedreaderscanmemorizewhilebeseechingImam(a.t.f.s.):

ينكردا نامزلا بحاص ای ينثغا نامزلا بحاص ای .

ينكلهت وال ينكردأ نامزلا بحاص ای ةمطاف ای يلعای دمحم ای .

زجاع لیلذ يناف ينعدت وال ينكردا ينكردا يدهملا حلاص ابا ای ينثغا مساقلا ابا ای .

رضتحملا يلا رظنا رظتنملا دوعوم ای .

نامزلا بحاص ای كب ثاغتسملا .

Third:ThereisnodefinitetimeoranynumericallimitprescribedtoseeksuccourfromImam(a.t.f.s.).WheneveroneisspirituallyinclinedtowardsimploringImam(a.t.f.s.),onecandosowiththesentencesmentionedearlier,withoutanyhesitationwhatsoever.Notimeshouldbeconsideredunsuitableforthismeritoriousact–beitday,night,noon,dawn,dusk.

Verse14

ةعساولا ةمحرلاو . ١٤

(Salutationsbeuponyou)…Otheencompassingmercy.

AcursoryglanceovertheQuranicversesrevealsthatthisterm( ةمحر )isemployedexclusivelyforAllahtotheexceptionofallothers.

ةعساو ةمحر وذ مكبر لقف

‘…thensay:YourLordistheLordofAll-encompassingmercy’54

Intherecommendedsupplications( تابیقعت )recitedafterPrayer(salat)-e-Asr,webeseechAllahwiththesupplicationnarratedbyJanabeZahra(s.a.):

ةعساولا ةمحرلا اذ مه ـ للا

InDuaal-Kumail,theopeninglineshighlightAllah’s‘All-encompassingmercy’

ءيش لك تعسو يتلا كتمحرب كلأسأ ينإ مهللا

‘OAllah!SurelyIbeseechyouwithYourMercythatencompasseseverything.’

ApartfromAllah,thismannerofaddressing(i.e.‘All-encompassingmercy’)hasbeenusedonlyfortheMessengerofAllah(S)andImam(a.t.f.s.).

IntheMajesticQuran,Allah,theAlmightydeclares:

نیملاعلل ةمحر الإ كانلسرأ امو

‘AndWehavenotsentyoubutasamercytotheworlds.’55

AndtheseverywordshavebeenreiteratedinthecaseofImamaz-Zaman(a.t.f.s.)intherenownedtraditionoftheGreenTablet(Hadithal-Lauh):

نیملاعلل ةمحر د - م - ح - م هنباب كلذ لمكأ و

‘I(Allah)shallcompletethechainofImamatthroughhisson(i.e.sonofImamHasanAskari(a.s.))MHMD–amercyfortheworlds.’

Imam(a.t.f.s.)isreferredtoastheAll-encompassingmercybecausewithhisadventthereshallnotremainasoulonthisearthbuthewillhaveembracedIslam.ImamJafarSadiq(a.s.)elaborates,‘AfterImam’s(a.t.f.s.)advent,theMeccansshallslaybothrepresentativesappointedbyImam(a.t.f.s.)inMecca.Imam(a.t.f.s.)shalldispatchhisarmyforthethirdtimewiththeexplicitcommand–Don’tspareanyonebutensurethatheembracesIslam.

ThisisbecauseAllah’sAll-EncompassingMercyincludeseverythingandIamthatAll-encompassingmercy.CertainlyIwouldalsohavepreferredtoturntowardsthemalongwithyousothatnoexcuseremainsbetweenAllahandthemandbetweenthemandme.’56

TheabovetraditionunderlineshowImam(a.t.f.s.)hasintroducedhimselfinthelightofAllah’sAll-encompassingmercyandhasalsoindicatedthereasonforthesame.

Verse15

بوذكم ریغ ادعو . ١٥

Weshallnotdwellonthedetailsofthislineaswehavealreadydealtwithitbeforewhileelaboratingon

هنمض يذلا هللا دعوای كیلع مالسلا

Ourearlierdiscussiononthistopicshouldsuffice.

AfterthispartofZiyarateAleYasin,weproceedtowardsthe8salutationsthatarelinkedtoeachotherthroughtheword( نیح (.) نیح )inArabicindicatestime–i.e.itistheEnglishequivalentof‘While’or‘When’.WhenweaddressImam(a.t.f.s.)withthesesalutationswearereferringtotheactionsthatheperformsatdifferentpointsoftimeinhislife.

Verse17-18

موقت نیح كیلع مالسلا . ١٦

دعقت نیح كیلع مالسلا . ١٧

‘Salutationsbeuponyouwhenyoustand.’

‘Salutationsbeuponyouwhenyousit.’

Apointworthnotinginthese2andtheother6sentencesisthatalltheverbsareinthepresenttense.

( موقت )means‘tostand’and( دعقت )means‘tosit’.Itisquitepossiblethatthesewordshavebeenemployedmetaphorically.Acaseinpointisthefamousprophetictradition

ادعق وأ اماق نامامإ نیسحلاو نسحلا

‘HasanandHusainarethetwoImams,regardlessofwhethertheyarestandingorsitting.’57

Overherestandingindicatestoriseorrevoltinordertoclaimone’srights.Sittingindicatestonegotiatepeaceinlinewiththecircumstancesanddemandsofthesituationandconcedeone’srights.PeaceisresortedtowhenawarwouldgoagainstthelargerinterestsoftheMuslims.Inlightoftheaboveinterpretation,wecantranslatethisstatementthus:

‘SalutationsbeuponyouOImamal-Asr(a.t.f.s.)whenyourise(toclaimyourrights)afteryourreappearanceandsalutationsbeuponyouwhenyouareseatedpatientlybehindthecurtainofoccultationbeseechingAllahtohastenyourreappearance.’

Verse19

نیبتو أرقت نیح كیلع مالسلا . ١٨

‘Salutationsbeuponyouwhenyourecite(theHolyQuran)andelucidateitsinterpretation.’

AccordingtotherulesofArabiclanguage,( ءرقی ءرق )isatransitiveverb( يدعتم لعف ).Inotherwords,whenwesaythatImam(a.t.f.s.)isreciting,thequestionthatcomestomindis‘whatishereciting?’

ByandlargeShiascholarshavetakentheHolyQuranasthesubjectmatterofImam’s(a.t.f.s.)recitation.However,thisisjustonepossibility.ItisequallypossiblethatImam(a.t.f.s.)isrecitingtheJaameah( هعماج باتك )ofhisgrandfather–AmeerulMo’mineen(a.s.)anditisalsopossiblethatImam(a.t.f.s.)isreadingtheMushaf( فحصم )ofhisgrandmother–JanabeZahra(s.a.)anditisquitelikelythathe(a.t.f.s.)isalsobrowsingthroughtheJafr( رفعج باتك ).

Soinlightofthis,wecansay-

‘Salutationsbeuponyou,OImamaz-Zaman(a.t.f.s.)whenyouarerecitingtheBookandwhenyouareelucidatingitsverses.’

Anotherpointthatdemandssomeelaborationis–towhomisImam(a.t.f.s.)recitingtheelucidationandinterpretationofQuranicverses?WhoarethosefortunatepeoplewhositalongwithImam(a.t.f.s.)andlistentotheinterpretationoftheQuranDirectlyfromImam(a.t.f.s.)?

Theillustriousscholar–AbiZainabMuhammadb.IbrahimNomanihasrecordedatraditionfromImamSadiq(a.s.)inhisbook–‘Ghaibat’whichservestoanswertheabovequestiontosomeextent:

ةشحو نم نیثالثب امو ةبیط لزنملا معنو ةلزع نم هتبیغ يف هل دب الو ةبیغ نم رمألا اذه بحاصل دب ال

OccultationisnecessaryfortheMasterofthisaffair(Imamaz-Zaman(a.t.f.s.)).Andinoccultationhisseparation(fromthepeople)isalsonecessary.WhatawonderfulplaceisMedina?Hewillbeaccompaniedby30peoplewhowillservetowardofflonelinessandfearfromhim.’58

(These30companionsarespecialandprivileged.TheyspendeverymomentoftheirlivesinthegloriouspresenceofImam(a.t.f.s.))ItispossiblethatinthiseraofoccultationImam(a.t.f.s.)arrangesforaclassoranassemblyofthesecompanionsandinstructsthemwithloftyreligiousconceptsonaregularbasis.

JustthinkingofthisfantasticspectacleofImam(a.t.f.s.)trainingthesestudentsissufficienttobringtearstooureyes.OurheartsarecaptivatedwiththisimageandwearegrippedwiththedesiretobeapartofthisassemblyandclassthatisadirectbeneficiaryofImam’s(a.t.f.s.)boundlessknowledgeandsitsfacetofacewithhim.OurstarkignoranceinImam’s(a.t.f.s.)occultationbecomesevenmoreevidenttous.WeareremindedofthatstatementofImamHusain(a.s.)inDuaal-Arafah:

؟ ىلهج ىف الوهج نوكا ال فیكف ىملع ىف لهاجلا انا

‘WhenIamsoignorantinmyknowledge,thenhowignorantamIinmyignorance!?59

Verse10

تنقتو يلصت نیح كیلع مالسلا . ١٩

‘SalutationsbeuponyouwhenyouperformthePrayer(Salat)andrecitetheQunoot(ofthePrayer).’

InArabicliterature,SalaatmeanstoglorifyAllah( حیبست )andrecitesupplication( ءاعد ).Overhereitreferstotheobligationofprayer(salat)imposedoneveryMuslimbytheIslamicShariat.Likewise,QunootinArabicliterallymeansobediencetoandhumilityinfrontofAllah,theGreat.Here,itreferstotheactofperformingQunootinprayer(salat).

IntheZiyaarat,wesendsalutationsonImam(a.t.f.s.)whenheisengagedinprayer(salat)andwhenherecitestheQunoot.Indeed,thereisnowayforustodeterminethesincerityandintensitywithwhichImam(a.t.f.s.)performstheseactionsasImam’s(a.t.f.s.)pietyanddevotionarebeyondourfragileimaginations.

AllwecansayisthatImam(a.t.f.s.)isthesonofAmeerulMo’mineen(a.s.),whoseworshipandhumilityiswithoutparallel.ItfollowsnaturallythatImam’s(a.t.f.s.)worshipisalsowithutmostsincerityandhumilityandinlinewithdivinesatisfaction.

WeeagerlyawaitthedaywhenweshallbeabletowitnessthisPrayer(salat)andQunootperformedwiththehighestlevelofservitude.Notonlywe,butProphet‘Isa(a.s.)iswaitinginanticipationforthedaywhenheshallhavethehonouranddistinctionofprayingprayer(salat)behindImam(a.t.f.s.).

TherenownedAhlulSunnahtraditionalist,MuttaqiHindi,recordsatraditionfromtheHolyProphet(S),

‘Onhisreappearance,MahdishalladvancetowardsHazrat‘Isa(a.s.)andrequesthimtoundertaketheresponsibilityofleadingthecongregationalprayers.Hazrat‘Isa(a.s.)willhumblyreply,‘Thecongregationalprayershavebeenestablishedforyoutolead.’60

ThisverseoftheHolyQurandeservesattention:

ءوسلا فشكیو هاعد اذإ رطضملا بیجی نمأ

‘Or,WhoanswersthedistressedonewhenhecallsuponHimandremovestheevil…’61

Undertheexegesisofthisverse,ImamJafarSadiq(a.s.)relates,‘ThisversehasbeenrevealedinhonouroftheQaimofAleMuhammad(a.t.f.s.).ByAllah!He(a.t.f.s.)isthe‘distressedone’inthisverse.Whenhewillrecitetworakatprayer(salat)behindMaqamal-IbrahimandsupplicatetoAllah,AllahwillanswerhisprayersanddeliverhimfromthedifficultiesandappointhimastheCaliphontheearth.’62

Thisistheprayerofahelplesssoul,onrecitingwhichImam(a.t.f.s.)shallbeorderedtorise.Thecommandshallbeissuedinthismanner,

‘OAllah’sslave,riseandseekvengeanceagainstAllah’senemies.’

AsfarasImam’s(a.t.f.s.)Qunootisconcerned,thereareseveralsupplicationsthatareassociatedwithImam(a.t.f.s.).Interestedreaderscanrefertosomeofthesebooksviz.MuhajjudDaawaatpg67,Al-BaladulAmeen569andBehaarulAnwaarvol.85,pg.233.

Verse20

دجستو عكرت نیح كیلع مالسلا . ٢٠

Salutationuponyou,whileyoubowandprostrate

WehavealreadyexplainedthesignificanceofconveyingsalutationstoImam(a.t.f.s.)whileheisengagedinvariousactsofsalaatundertheverse:

يلصت نیح كیلع مالسلا

Perhapsitisduetotheimportanceofthesetwoacts(bowingandprostration)thattheyhavebeengivenaspecialmention.OritcouldbeapointertowardsImam’s(a.t.f.s.)prolongedbowingandprostration.EvenImam’s(a.t.f.s.)reveredgrandfather–ImamMoosab.JafarAl-Kazim(a.s.)hasprayedforImam’s(a.t.f.s.)reappearancewithamentionofhisbowingandprostration.Yahyab.FazlNawfalinarrates,

“IwasinBaghdadinthepresenceofImamKazim(a.s.).Imam(a.s.)hadcompletedtheAsrprayer.Asperhispractice,he(a.s.)raisedbothhishandstowardstheskyandrecited:

نطابلاو رهاظلاو رخآلاو لوألا تنأ الإ هلإ ال

‘ThereisnogodsaveYou.YouaretheFirstandtheLastandtheApparentandtheConcealed.’

Imam(a.s.)repeatedthissentence10times.AfterinvokingAllahinthesewords,he(a.s.)supplicated,

نم كل مقتنملا جرف لجعت نأ و هلآ و دمحم ىلع يلصت نأ هب كلأس نم بیخی ال يذلا مویقلا يحلا نوزخملا نونكملا كمساب كلأسأماركإلا و لالجلا اذ ای هتدعو ام هل زجنأ و كئادعأ

‘IbeseechYouwithYourConcealedandTreasuredName,OEverLiving,OController(ofallcreation),theNamewithwhichwhenYouareinvoked,oneisneverdisappointed.SendsalutationsuponMuhammadandhisprogenyandhastenthereappearanceoftheonewhowillavengeYourenemies.AndfulfilthepromiseYouhavemadetohim,OMajestic,OAll-Revering!’

ThenarratoraskedImam(a.s.),‘WhoisthebeneficiaryofyourProstrationsupplication?’Imam(a.s.)replied:

دمحم لآ نم يدهملا كلذ

‘HeistheMahdiofMuhammad’sprogeny(a.s.).’

Thereafter,ImamMoosaKazim(a.s.)elaboratesfurtheronImamMahdi’s(a.t.f.s.)excellence:

اعكارو ادجاس موجنلا ىعری هلیل نم يباب لیللا رهس نم ةرفص هترمس عم هروتعی نوللا رمسأ يباب

‘Maymyfatherbesacrificedonyourwheatcomplexionthathaslongsinceturnedyellowduetoincessantnightvigils.Maymyfatherbesacrificedonthestarrynights,whichfindyouengagedconstantlyinbowingand(ofthenight-vigilprayers)!’63

Inthelasttradition,mentionhasbeenmadeofImam’s(a.t.f.s.)solemnbowingandprostrationinthedeadofnight.OnlyAllahisAwarewhatprayersandsupplicationskeepHisbestcreationengaged.Indeed,whatcanonesayabouttheintensebowingsandprostrationsthatareofferedwithsuchsinceritytoAllah,theAlmighty.Onepointworthhighlightingoverhereisthatthestatement

موجنلا ىعری هلیل نم يباب

MeansthatAllah,theAlmighty,likestoseeHisservantsalertandvigilantaboutperformingsalaatandotheractsofworshipatitstime.Itmeansthatoneshouldusetheheavenlybountiestodutifullyobserveone’sreligiousobligations.Inthisregard,MullaMohsinFaizKashani(r.a.)recordsatraditionfromtheHolyProphet(S):

هللا ركذل ةلهألاو رمقلاو سمشلا نوعاری نیذلا هللا ىلإ هللا دابع بحأ

‘ThemostbelovedofAllahistheonewhoisalwaysattentiveoftheSun,theMoonandtheshadowsfortheremembrance(andworship)ofAllah.’64

Verse21

ربكتو للهت نیح كیلع مالسلا . ٢١

‘Salutationuponyou,whenyoudeclarethat‘thereisnogodbutAllah’andwhenyouproclaim‘AllahistheGreatest’.

TodeclarethatthereisnogodbutAllahandthatAllahisthegreatestareamongthegreatestsignsofAllah’sUnity( دیحوت ).ItisadeclarationofthetruthfulnessofIslamanditsbeingincompatibilitywithhumannature.OnceaZoroastrianyouth,whowishedtoconverttoIslam,wasintroducedtoAyatullahHusainTabatabaiBurujardi(r.a.).

ThepeopleexplainedtothereveredAyatullahthattheyouthwishedtoembraceIslam.TheAyatullahaskedhim,‘WhatdidyoufindsoappealingaboutIslam?’Hereplied,‘Islam’struthfulnessanditscompatibilitywithhumannature.’TheAyatullahcommandedhimtorecitetheKalemah.

Theyouthsays,‘IheardtheAyatullahrecitetheKalemahwithsuchaweandreverencethatIneverheardanythingsimilartoiteverafterthat.Whenhewasreciting‘ThereisnogodbutAllah’,IcouldfeelanawarenessofAllah’sUnity( دیحوت ).WhenthegeneraldeputyofImam(a.t.f.s.)( ماع بئان )hassuchanawesomeimpactinhisrecitationofthekalemah,thenwhatcanonesayabouttheImam(a.t.f.s.)whohasbeenrecitingthesedivineglorificationssincethebeginningoftheworld,rather,evenbeforetheinitiationofthecreationoftheworld.HeisnoneotherthantheonewhohasinstructedtheProphet(a.s.)andtheproximateangelswiththesepraises.65

OAllah!GrantusthegracetolistentothedivinepraisesofImam(a.t.f.s.)inperson.WeadmitourearsareobsessedwithprohibitedthingslikemusicandareunworthyoflisteningtothepureandchasterecitationsofImam(a.t.f.s.),butYourBoundlessMercymakesushopefulofbeinggrantedthispricelessbounty.

OAllah!Grantusthegracetorecitetheseholyincantations.

InthisregardImamMuhammadBaqir(a.s.)narrates,

هنیب عمجی ربكألا هناوضر هل هللا بتكی نمو ربكألا هناوضر هل هللا بتك هل كیرش ال هدحو هللا الإ هلإ ال لاقو مامإلا يدی نیب ربك نمولالجلا راد يف نیلسرملاو ( مالسلا امهیلع ) دمحمو میهاربا نیبو

‘Onewhodeclares‘thereisnogodbutAllah’and‘AllahistheGreatest’infrontoftheImam(a.t.f.s.),AllahwillwriteforhimHisgreatsatisfaction’.AndforonewhomAllahwritesHisgreatsatisfaction,HewillgatherhimalongwithProphetIbrahim(a.s.),ProphetMuhammad(S)andtheMessengers(a.s.)intheHouseofMajesty.’66

Indeed,beholdingtheProof( تجح )ofAllahisequaltodeclaring‘thereisnogodbutAllah’andglancingattheslave( يلو )ofAllahistodeclarethatHeistheGreatest.ThisisbecauseImam(a.t.f.s.)isthemanifestationofdivinemajestyandsplendourandisthestandard-bearerofdivineunity.

WhenwillwewitnessthatmomentwhenwecanglanceattheonewhoisthebestindeclaringtheOnenessandGreatnessofAllah?Indeed,whenwewillseeyou,ourheartswillswoonandwewilluncontrollablyexclaim( ربكأ هللا )and( هللا الإ هلإ )reciteyouhearwewhenIndeed,.(ال ربكأ هللا )and(( هللا الإ هلإ recitewillandourselvesremainnotwillwe,ال

ربكتو للهت نیح كیلع مالسلا

Toconclude,weshallmentionanothertraditiononthistopic.

FuzailrelatesthateitherImamBaqir(a.s.)orImamSadiq(a.s.)urgedthepeople,

لیلهتلا و ریبكتلا نم هللا ىلإ بحأ ئش سیل هنإف ریبكتلاو لیلهتلا نم اورثكأ

‘Reciteexcessively‘thereisnogodbutAllah’and‘AllahistheGreatest’.ForsurelythereisnothingmorebelovedtoAllahthanproclaiming‘thereisnogodbutAllah’and‘AllahistheGreatest’.’67

Certainly,intoday’sage,Imam(a.t.f.s.)isthemostbelovedoneofAllahandheisengrossedinrecitingthatwhichisdearesttoAllah.

Verse22

رفغتستو دمحت نیح كیلع مالسلا . ٢٢

Salutationuponyou,whileyoupraiseAllahandseekforgivenessfromHim.

ThissalutationdrawsourattentiontothefactthatamongImam’s(a.t.f.s.)regularrecitationsisextollingandpraisingAllah,theAlmighty,andhisoftturningtoHiminseekingforgivenessandclemency.PraisingAllahandseekingHisPardonisdirectlyproportionatetoone’slevelofrecognition.Asthelatterincreases,theformerisaugmented.Hence,ImamSadiq(a.s.)informs,

‘Everyday,theHolyProphet(S)usedtopraiseAllah366timesi.e.equaltothenumberofveinsinhisbody,inthismanner:

لاح لك ىلع اریثك نیملاعلا بر هللا دمحلا

‘AllpraiseisforAllah,theLordoftheWorlds,asmuchaspossible,ineverycondition.’68

Likewise,ImamSadiq(a.s.)narrateswithregardstoseekingforgiveness,

‘ItwastheHolyProphet’s(S)practicethatwheneverhedepartedfromanassembly,nomatterhowsmallandinsignificant,hewouldseekdivineforgivenessatleast25times.’69

TheHolyProphet(S)himselfdeclared,

ارافغتسا نیعبس هللا رفغتسا انأ و

‘IseekforgivenessfromAllahseventytimes.’70

Indeedseekingforgivenessbecomesevenmoreadmirableconsideringthatthesepersonalities(a.s.)wereinfallibleandsinless.Perhaps,theunawareandvulnerableareactuallydeceivedbyseekingforgivenessofthiskind.Whileseekingforgivenessisthesubjectofadetaileddiscussion,weshalltrytoaddressitbrieflysoastoalleviatedoubtsfromthemindsoftheskeptics.

Seekingforgivenesshasseveralrationales:

1.Seekingforgivenessandclemencyisoneofthegreatestandmostlaudableactsofworship.

2.TheIslamicnationhasbeenbestowedwithknowledgeduetothisexaltedworship.

3.ThisactofworshipisoneofthebestformsofexpressinghumilityandremorseinfrontofAllah,theAlmighty.

4.Everymoment,theinfallibles(a.s.)areelevatedbyAllahindegrees.Whentheylookbackattheir(lower)position,theyexpresscontritionandpenitencebyturningtoAllahinforgiveness.

5 يبرقملا تائیس راربألا تانسح .ThevirtuousactionsoftherighteousarelikesinsfortheproximateservantsofAllah.’Letusseehowwecanunderstandthisbetterwiththehelpofanexample.ThereisachildwhoprayssalaatandfeelsthatwiththishehasworshippedAllahinabefittingmannerevenwhilehissalaatmaynotbefundamentallycorrect.

Asopposedtothis,areligiousscholar,whosefaithiselevatedbydegrees,prayssalaatwithtotalconcentrationandtranquillityandwithafeelingofabjecthumilityanddegradation.Aftercompletingsalaatinthismanner,hecollapsesinprostrationandweepsuncontrollablyandexclaimsinanguish,‘OAllah!IndeedIhavefailedmiserablyinfulfillingtherightofYourworship.OAllah!IimploreYoutoforgivemeformyshortcomings.’

Whentheimploringofanordinaryscholardoesnotastonishus,whyshouldwetakeexceptiontotheentreatiesandbeseechingoftheinfallibleImam(a.t.f.s.)?Theseimmaculatesoulswerestationedatsuchhighdegreesofdivinerecognitionthatitisnighimpossibleforourimperfectintellectstofathomthem.

Verse23

ىلجت اذإ راهنلاو ىشغی اذإ لیللا يف كیلع مالسلا يسمتو حبصت نیح كیلع مالسلا . ٢٣

‘Salutationuponyouinthemorningandintheevening.Salutationuponyouinthenightwhenitdarkensandinthedaywhenitbrightensup.’

InthisZiyarat,wehavementionedthetimesofdayinthreeplaces.Thefirsttimewaswhenwerecited

كراهن فارطأو كلیل ءانآ يف كیلع مالسلا

Thesecondandthirdtimesareunderlinedintheabovetwosentences.Whatisthereasonbehindsuchtime-relatedsalutations?ThisposerisbestansweredbythepersonalityaddressedinthisZiyaarat.WebeseechAllahtohastenthereappearanceofImam(a.t.f.s.)andtogiveusthegracetoheardirectlyfromhimthevariousaspectsofthisandotherZiyaraatandsupplications.Atthisstageallwecansayisthat:

دحاو كنسحو ىتش ـا نتارابع

ریثی لام ـ جلا كاذ ىلإ ل ــ كو

“Ourphrasesaremanywhileyoursplendourisone

Andalloftheseindicatetowardsyourbeauty

Verse24

نومأملا مامإلا اهیأ كیلع مالسلا . ٢٤

Salutationuponyou–OProtectedImam!

AccordingtoArabicGrammar,theword( نومام )istheNominalObjectof( نمآ ).Itsmeaningcanhavevariousconnotations–protected,contented,reliableandtrustworthy.ItmeansthatImam(a.t.f.s.)istheleaderwhohasbeenprotectedandsecuredbyAllahandHefoundhimsocontentedthatHeappointedhim(a.t.f.s.)asaleaderandguideoverHisCreatures.Imamal-Zamana(a.t.f.s.)issotrustworthythatthearchangelJibraeel(a.s.),theTrustworthypridesoverhim(a.t.f.s.).

Verse25

لومأملا مدقملا اهیأ كیلع مالسلا . ٢٥

Salutationuponyou–OProtectedImam!OtheForemost,theHopeofCreation!

Thisstatementcanbetranslatedintwoways.Oneisbymaking( لومام )astheattribute( تفص )and( مدقم )astheattributedone( فوصوم )i.e.OForemostOne,whoisthehopeofcreation.Thesecondwaytotranslatethestatementisbyreversingtherolesofthesetwowordsandmaking( مدقم )astheattribute( تفص )and( لومام )astheattributedone( فوصوم ),i.e.OtheOnewhoisForemostinbeingsoughtwithhopeandexpectation(bytheCreatures).

IndeedHazratBaqiatullah(a.t.f.s.)isthesplendourofhopeofallmankind.Rather,heishopeofallProphets(a.s.),theSuccessors(a.s.)andmostimportantlyheishopeofHerMajestyFatemaZahra(s.a.).EverytrueandrighteousMuslimawaitsthereappearanceoftheMahdi(a.t.f.s.)whoisexpectedtorevivetheHolyQurananditsedicts:

هدودحو باتكلا ءایحإل لمؤملا نیأ

‘WhereistheExpectedOnewhowillenliventheBook(Quran)anditsstatutes’?71

Yes,Imam’s(a.t.f.s.)reappearanceisaneventthatiseagerlyanticipatedbyallrighteousservants.Imam’s(a.t.f.s.)illustriousancestor,AmeerulMomineenAlib.AbiTalib(a.s.)hasalsoreferredtoImam(a.t.f.s.)inthismanner:

... لومأملا مئاقلا موقی مث ...

‘…thentheQaim(a.t.f.s.),theExpectedOne,shallreappear…’72

LikewiseImamJafarSadiq(a.s.)hasalsoreminiscedoverImamMahdi(a.t.f.s.)withthistitle.73

Verse26

مالسلا عماوجب كیلع مالسلا . ٢٦

Salutationuponyouwithacomprehensivesalutation.

ThisisthelaststatementofZiyarateAleYasin.ThereciterofofthisZiyaarathasnowreachedastagewherehehascompletedrecitingtheZiyaaratanddescribingImam(a.t.f.s.)withthemostperfectandchoicestofattributes.

Insteadofendlesslyreciting–‘Salutationuponyou…’itmakessensetoreciteasinglesalutationthatcanconveyasenseofcompletenessandtotality.Thatiswhyherecites,‘Salutationuponyouwithacomprehensivesalutation’.

Theword( عماوج )isthepluralof( عماج ).Gramatically,( عماج )istheNominalSubjectandmeans‘tocollectthescatteredones’.Awordthat,albeitsmallinappearance,unravelsprofoundconcepts,isreferredtoas( عماج ).InthecontextoftheZiyaaratitmeans–Wheneverasalutationisrecitedandwhateverbeitskind,mayitallbeaddressedtoyouOImam(a.t.f.s.)!

AfterthiswecalluponImam(a.t.f.s.)asawitnessandtestifythatthereisnoGodsaveAllahandMuhammad(S)isHisMessengerandHisworshipper.ThenwetestifytotheImamatofeachandeveryImambynameandproclaimthecertaintyofeachandeverystageofResurrectionrightfromdeattoHeavenandHell.

Verse27

كودع نم يرب كل يلو انأو هیلع كتدهشأام ىلع دهشاف ؛ كعاطأ نم دعسو كفلاخ نم يقش يالومای . ٢٧

‘OmyMaster,wretchedistheonewhohasopposedyou.Fortunateistheonewhohasobeyedyou.YoubeawitnesstoallthatIhavetestifiedbymakingyouawitness.Icometoyouinfriendshipexpressingdisgustagainstyourenemy.’

TheabovestatementenlightensthereaderwithsomecriticalconceptsrelatedtoIslamicbelief.Thereasonsforbeingamongthewretche( يقش )andfortunate( دیعس )i.e.amongtheinhabitantsofheavenandhell,arehighlighted.InthisZiyaratweproclaim–OMaster,indeedallthosewhohavedisobeyedyouhaveearnedtherighttoentertheFireofHell.

Theyarewretchedanddespicableandtheirheartsaredevoidofthelightofguidance.Ontheotherhand,allthosewhohaveobeyedyourdiktats,compliedwithyourinstructionsandconformedtoyourstandardsareamongtheinhabitantsofParadise.Inotherwords,beingwretchedandfortunatedictateswhowillenterParadiseandwhowillberelegatedtoHell.

Anotherimportantpointthatcomesoutstronglyfromthisisthatmaniswretchedandfortunatebasedonhisownactions.Thereisnoscopeforanyonetoclaim(ontheDayofResurrection)thathewasmadetoenterHellashewas(inherently)wretched.Nonecantakerecoursetotheexcuseofcompulsionandholdhispre-ordaineddestinyresponsibleforhisevilandcorruptactions.Ifoneiswretched,heissoasadirectconsequenceofhisimmoralactionsandifheisfortunate,thenitistheoutcomeofhisvirtuousactionsandofcourse,divinehelpandgrace.

AfterthiswedeclareourfriendshipandlovefortheImamsastheirShiasandinthesamebreathwedistanceourselvesfromtheirenemies.ItwillnotbeoutofcontexttomentionoverheretheequalsignificancethatIslamattachestolovingtheAhlulBayt(a.s.)anddetestingtheirenemies.NoShiaworthhissaltcaneverbeattachedtotheenemiesofAhlulBayt(a.s.)andcanneverharbouranyloveandinclinationtowardsthem.(InthisregardpleaserefertoSurahAhzab(33):Verse3anditsexegesis)

Verse28

هنع متیهنام ركنملاو هب مترمأام فورعملاو هومتطخسأام لطابلاو هومتیضرام قحلاف . ٢٨

‘Thentruthiswhatpleasesyouandfalsehoodiswhatdispleasesyou.Yourcommandconstitutes

goodnessandyourprohibitionsignifiesevil’.

Thisstatementhighlightsthattheonlycriterionfordeterminingtruth,falsehood,goodandevilistheAhlulBayt(a.s.).AllthatsatisfiestheAhlulBayt(a.s.)isgoodevenifitappearsrepulsivetousorevenifourdefectiveintellectsfallshortofgraspingtherationalebehindit.AllthatdispleasestheAhlulBayt(a.s.)isevilevenifitappealstous.

TheHolyQurandeclares,

مكل رش وهو ائیش اوبحت نأ ىسعو مكل ریخ وهو ائیش اوهركت نأ ىسع

‘…Perhapsyoumaydislikeathingwhileitisgoodforyou,andperhaps,youmayloveathingwhileitisevilforyou…’74

The19thverseofSurahNisaareiteratesthisconcept.

TheverseofSurahBaqarahunderlinesthehelplessnessandvulnerabilityofourintellectsindeterminingontheonehand,everythingthatisgoodandbeneficialforusandontheother,allthatisevilandharmfulforus.Ourintellectsatbestcanonlyinformusaboutthetruthandfalsehoodofthegeneral(likehonesty,virtue,lies,deceit,etc),andcannotenlightenusaboutthereasonandpurposebehindallactions,manyofwhichmayapparentlyevengoagainsttheapparentintellect,likestrugglinginthewayofAllah.

Thispointiswell-highlightedintheincidentinvolvingImamJafarSadiq(a.s.)andthemanfromKhorasan.Imam(a.s.)ordersthemanfromKhorasantoleapintotheblazingfire-pit.Imam’s(a.s.)seeminglypreposterousdemandisnotonlyatoddswithman’sinherentnatureofself-preservation,butdoesnotfindanyfavourwiththeintellecteither.

WhattheintellectcannotfathomisImam’s(a.s.)implicitobjectiveofrevealingtherealityofthesituationtotheKhorasani.ObviouslytheKhorasanirefusedtooblige.WhenthesamecommandwasmadetoHaroonal-Makki,aclosecompanionofImam(a.s.),heinstantlyleapedintotheblazingfire-pitwithoutanyfuss.WhenImam(a.s.)liftedthecoverofthefire-pit,themanfromKhorasansawHaroonal-Makkisittingcomfortably,ascenethatshockedhimnoend.

Thisisalsothecasewithgoodnessandevil.IfImam(a.s.)commandsustowardsanact,itisgood,andwhateverheprohibitsisevil.Nowthatweareawareofthisreality,weareduty-boundtogivedueattentiontoallouractionsandthoughtsandmustgaugethetruthfulnessandfalsehoodofthesameinlightofImam’s(a.s.)commandsandprohibitions.

Verse29

مكل ةصلاخ يتدومو مكل ةدعم يترصنو مكرخآو مكلوأ يالومای مكبو نینمؤملا ریمأبو هلوسربو هل كیرشال هدحو هللااب ةنمؤم يسفنف . ٢٩نیمآ نیمآ

‘IhavebelievedinAllah,theOne–thereisnoassociateforHim.AndIhavebelievedinHisMessenger(S)andinAmeerulMomineen(a.s.)andintheforemostfromamongstyouaswellasthosewhosucceededthem.Myhelpforyouisreadyatalltimesandmyloveforyouissincere.OAllah!Acceptoursupplication!Acceptoursupplication’!

ApointworthappreciatingisthattheZiyaratemploysthesecondpersonpluralinthefinishinglineasopposedtothesecondpersonsingularinearliersentences.ThisisbecauseattheendweareaddressingalltheImams(a.s.)andourexpressionofsincereloveandhelpextendstoalltheImams(a.s.).ItispossiblethatthisverseisreferringtotheRaj’ah,whenalltheImams(a.s.)shallreturnandavengethePharoahsoftheirtimesfortheoppressionandafflictionthatwasheapeduponthem.

OAllah!WeimploreYoutograntusthegracetobeworthyofbeingalongsidetheImams(a.s.)whentheyreturnsothatwecanalsocontributeinrelegatingtheirenemiestotheblazingfireofHell.

OAllah!HastenthereappearanceofourMaster,HazratBaqiyatullah(a.t.f.s.).Aameen!Aameen!

__________________________________________________________________

1.QurbulAsnad,p.2-3.

2.MaanilAkhbaarbyShaikhSaduq(a.r.),p.22;Tafseeral-BurhaanbySayedHaashimBahraani(a.r.),vol.2,p.3.

3.Tafseeral-AbulFutooh,vol.9,p.338;Tafseeral-Majma-ul-BayaanbyShaikhTabarsi(a.r.)vol.8,p.456.

4.TafseereBurhan,vol.2,p.33.

5.SurahYaasin(36):Verses1-3.

6.SurahSaaffaat(37):Verse79.

7.SurahSaaffaat(37):Verse109.

8.SurahSaaffaat(37):Verse120.

9.SurahSaaffaat(37):Verse130.

10.BehaarulAnwaar,vol.23,p.167,H.1,narratingfromOyoon-o-Akhbaaral-Ridha’,p.131.

11.MajmaulBahrain,vol.2,p.65underthealphabets. ببر

12.Tafseeral-Burhaanvol.1,p.190.

13.Ibid.

14.SurahHujuraat(49),Verse12.

15.SurahBaqarah(2),Verse189.

16.SurahNoor(24),Verse27.

17.Tafseeral-DurrulManthoor,vol.6,p.93.

18.MajmaulBahrainvol.6,p.253,AqrabulMawaarid

19.KhesaalbyShaikhSaduq(a.r.),p.522.

20.SurahHud(11),Verse40

21.SurahNur(24):Verse55.

22.MafaatihulJinaan;IqbaalulA’maalbySayyedb.Tawoos(r.a.)p.142.

23.SurahBaniIsrael(17):Verse81.

24.Al-GhaibatbyShaikhTusi(r.a.)p.165.

25.Hadithal-Kisa

26.Furu’al-KafibyShaikhMuhammadIbnYaqubal-Kulayni(a.r.),KitabulHajj,TheChapterofZiyaaratofImamHusain’s(a.s.)grave,Hadith6;MafaatihulJinaan,ImamHusain’s(a.s.)firstziyaarat.

27.BehaarulAnwaar,vol.25,p.372.

28.Ibid,p.385.

29.Tafseeral-Furaatal-Kufi,p.91.

30.SurahTaha(20):Verse130.

31.SurahHud(11):Verse86.

32.Fauzal-Akbar,p.71.

33.BehaarulAnwaarvol.93,p.115.

34.Usulal-Kafi,vol.2,p.8,Chapter3,Tradition1.

35.SurahMaryam(19),Verse75.

36.Usulal-Kafi,vol.1,p.231,Tradition9.

37.MafaatihulJinaan,p.530,Aadaabal-Sardaab.

38.An-NajmuzZaahir,vol.2,pg.52,Al-Abqarial-Hesaan.

39.SurahMaidah(5):Verse3.

40.SurahInsaan(76):Verse7.

41.BughyatutTaalibfimanra’aImamalGhaib(a.t.f.s.),pg.39.

42.Kamaluddin,pg.672;Ghaibatal-Nomani,pg.307

43.MisbahuzZair,pg.437;BehaarulAnwaar,vol.102,pg.226.

44.BehaarulAnwaar,vol.102,pg.117

45.BehaarulAnwaar,vol.102,pg.99,MisbahuzZair,pg.437.

46.MafatihulJinaan,Ziyaratal-SahebilAmr,secondZiyarat,pg.961,UrduTranslationbyMaulanaNazimAliKhairabadi.

47.BehaarulAnwaar,vol.102,pg.228.

48.BehaarulAnwaar,vol.51,pg.36.

49.Duaal-Jawshanal-Kabeer,11,14,28,parts.

50.Anwaar,vol.100,pg.375;MafatihulJinaan(Urdutranslation),pg.537.

51.BehaarulAnwaar,vol.28,pg.39;Amaalial-Sadooq,pg.101(Assembly24).

52.Uyoon-o-Akhbaaral-Ridha’(a.s.).

53.BehaarulAnwaar,vol.102,pg.53.

54.SuraAnaam(6):Verse147.

55.SurahAmbiya(21):Verse107.

56.BehaarulAnwaar,vol.53,pg.11.

57.ElalushSharaa’e,pg.211,chapter159.

58.Ghaibatal-Nomani,pg188;Usulal-Kafi,vol.1,pg.340;BehaarulAnwaar,vol.

52,pg.153.

59.BehaarulAnwaar,vol.98,pg.225;MafatihulJinaan– ةفرع موی لامع ,Duaal-Imamal-Husain(a.s.).

60.AlBurhaanfialamaateMahdiAkhirizZaman,pg.160.

61.SurahNaml(27):Verse62.

62.Tafseeral-Alib.Ibrahim,vol.2,pg.129.

63.BehaarulAnwaarvol.86,p.81.

64.KhulaasatulAzkaar,pg.6.

65.FordetailsreadersarerequestedtorefertoBehaarulAnwaarvol.18,p.345,ElalushSharaae’,Oyoon-o-Akhbaaral-Ridha’(a.s.).

66.Tafseeral-Burhaanvol.3,p.329undertheexegesisoftheverse طس ي موق سانلا قلاب ل

67.Al-Kafi,vol.2,Chapterof حیبست , لیلهت and ریب .2tradition,ت

68.Al-Kafi,vol.2,BookofSupplication,ChapterofPraise,tradition3.

69.Al-Kafi,vol.2,BookofSupplication,ChapterofSeekingForgiveness,tradition2.

70.MajmaulBahrainvol.3,p.427.

71.Duaal-Nudbah

72.Al-GhaibahofNo’maanip.275,Chapter14,tradition55;BehaarulAnwaarvol.52,p.236

73.Kamaluddinp.334,Chapter33,tradition4;BehaarulAnwaarvol.48,p.

74.SurahBaqarah(2):Verse216.

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"Wisdom is the lost property of the Believer,

let him claim it wherever he finds it"

Imam Ali (as)